INSERT INTO `questions` (`id`, `topic_id`, `question_text`, `options`, `correct_answer_index`, `difficulty`, `explanation`, `created_at`, `updated_at`, `marks`, `is_ai_generated`, `ai_metadata`, `user_id`, `ai_model`) VALUES
(22746, 1618, 'Branches of stem are .......... in origin.', '[\"Endogenous\", \"Superficial\", \"Exogenous\", \"Partly endogenous and partly exogenous\"]', 2, 'medium', 'Stem branches are exogenous in origin, meaning they arise from superficial tissues, specifically from axillary buds located in the axils of leaves.', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22747, 1660, 'Persistent calyx is the characteristic feature of:', '[\"Cruciferae\", \"Liliaceae\", \"Malvaceae\", \"Solanaceae\"]', 3, 'medium', 'A persistent calyx, which remains attached to the fruit after fertilization, is a characteristic feature of the family Solanaceae (e.g., in tomato, chili, and brinjal).', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22748, 1618, 'Casparian strips occur in:', '[\"Epidermis\", \"Pericycle\", \"Endodermis\", \"Cortex\"]', 2, 'medium', 'Casparian strips are waterproof bands of suberin found in the radial and transverse walls of the endodermal cells in plant roots, regulating water and solute uptake.', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22749, 1618, 'The rate of photosynthesis is maximum in:', '[\"Green light\", \"Sunlight\", \"Far-red light\", \"Blue light\"]', 1, 'medium', 'Photosynthesis has two peaks in its action spectrum, in the red and blue-violet regions of light. Sunlight contains all these wavelengths, generally leading to the maximum rate.', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22750, 1618, 'Guttation is caused by:', '[\"Transpiration\", \"Osmosis\", \"Root pressure\", \"Root cap\"]', 2, 'medium', 'Guttation is the exudation of water droplets from the tips of leaves, caused by positive hydrostatic pressure (root pressure) in the xylem, which occurs when soil moisture is high and transpiration is low.', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22751, 1662, 'The germination of seed inside the fruit is called as:', '[\"Ovipary\", \"Vivipary\", \"Epigeal germination\", \"Hypogeal germination\"]', 1, 'medium', 'Vivipary is a mode of reproduction where seeds germinate while still attached to the parent plant, often inside the fruit, as seen in mangroves.', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22752, 1662, 'Which of the following is commonly used bacteria in the field of plant genetic engineering:', '[\"E.Coli\", \"Rhizobium\", \"Microbacterium\", \"Agrobacterium\"]', 3, 'medium', 'Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a bacterium widely used in plant genetic engineering because of its natural ability to transfer a segment of its DNA (T-DNA) into the plant genome.', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22753, 1660, 'Floridean starch is found in:', '[\"Red algae\", \"Brown algae\", \"Green algae\", \"BGA\"]', 0, 'medium', 'Floridean starch is the primary storage polysaccharide found in red algae (Rhodophyceae).', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22754, 1660, 'Perfect stage of fungus means:', '[\"When fungus is perfectly healthy\", \"When it reproduces asexually\", \"When it reproduces sexually\", \"None\"]', 2, 'medium', 'In mycology, the \"perfect stage\" or teleomorph of a fungus refers to the stage of its life cycle where it reproduces sexually, typically by forming spores.', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22755, 1660, 'Winged seeds are found in:', '[\"Cycas\", \"Pinus\", \"Cedrus\", \"None\"]', 1, 'medium', 'Pinus (pine) produces seeds that have a thin, papery wing attached, which aids in dispersal by wind.', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22756, 1661, 'One of the early succession fast growing tree of temperate region is:', '[\"alder\", \"sal\", \"oak\", \"tea\"]', 0, 'medium', 'Alder (Alnus species) is a pioneer species known for its rapid growth and ability to colonize disturbed or nutrient-poor sites in temperate regions, often through nitrogen fixation.', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22757, 1622, 'The golgi complex is involved in formation of:', '[\"protein\", \"zymogen formation\", \"spindle fiber\", \"carbohydrate\"]', 1, 'medium', 'The Golgi complex processes and packages proteins into vesicles. In secretory cells, it packages inactive enzyme precursors (zymogens) into granules for exocytosis.', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22758, 1622, 'The two cells formed during mitosis in comparison to parent cell contains:', '[\"same DNA and same chromosome\", \"same DNA and different chromosome\", \"half DNA and same chromosome number\", \"Doubled DNA and same chromosome\"]', 0, 'medium', 'Mitosis is a process of cell division that results in two daughter cells each having the same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus, typical of ordinary tissue growth.', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22759, 1622, 'Amniocentesis is a technique used to:', '[\"Determine any hereditary abnormality in embryo\", \"Determine errors in amino acid metabolism in embryo\", \"pin point specific cardiac elements in embryo\", \"all\"]', 0, 'medium', 'Amniocentesis is a prenatal diagnostic procedure in which amniotic fluid is sampled to detect chromosomal abnormalities and genetic disorders in the fetus.', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22760, 1662, 'Small pox vaccine was discovered by:', '[\"Louis Pasteur\", \"Robert hook\", \"A Fleming\", \"E. Jenner\"]', 3, 'medium', 'Edward Jenner is credited with discovering the smallpox vaccine in 1796, a pioneering work in immunology.', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22761, 1661, 'Red panda is found in;', '[\"Rara NP\", \"Shey phoksundo NP\", \"Khaptad NP\", \"Langtang NP\"]', 3, 'medium', 'Langtang National Park in Nepal is one of the protected areas known for its population of the endangered red panda.', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22762, 1661, 'Xerophytes have long roots because:', '[\"To avoid from getting uprooted\", \"To assist photosynthesis\", \"To absorb water from water bed\", \"To prevent water loss\"]', 2, 'medium', 'Xerophytes, plants adapted to arid environments, often have very long root systems to reach deep into the soil to find and absorb water from the water table.', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22763, 1618, 'Biological activity of IAA is tested by;', '[\"Rich mond and lang test\", \"Avena curvature test\", \"Molls half leaf experiment\", \"Warburg effect\"]', 1, 'medium', 'The Avena curvature test is a classic bioassay for auxins like IAA, where the degree of curvature of a decapitated oat coleoptile is measured in response to the hormone.', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22764, 1618, 'Cork cambium is otherwise called as:', '[\"phellem\", \"phelloderm\", \"periderm\", \"phellogen\"]', 3, 'medium', 'Phellogen is the botanical term for the cork cambium, a lateral meristem responsible for secondary growth that produces cork.', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22765, 1622, 'Test cross is;', '[\"cross between F₂\", \"cross between F₁ and parent\", \"Cross between F₁ hybrid and recessive parents\", \"Cross between F₁ hybrid and dominant parents\"]', 2, 'medium', 'A test cross is a genetic cross between a heterozygous individual (F₁ hybrid) and a corresponding homozygous recessive individual to determine the genotype of the former.', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22766, 1618, 'First stable product in C₃ cycle is', '[\"PGAL\", \"OAA\", \"PGA\", \"glucose\"]', 2, 'medium', 'In the C₃ cycle (Calvin cycle), the first stable product formed after the carbon fixation step is 3-phosphoglycerate (PGA), a three-carbon compound.', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22767, 1660, 'Natural system of classification was purposed by:', '[\"Engler and prant\", \"carolous linneus\", \"Bentham and Hooker\", \"R.H whittaker\"]', 2, 'medium', 'George Bentham and Joseph Dalton Hooker developed one of the most influential natural systems of plant classification, based on overall similarities, primarily in morphology.', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22768, 1660, 'Rheo virus is:', '[\"SS DNA Virus\", \"DS RNA virus\", \"SS RNA virus\", \"DS DNA virus\"]', 1, 'medium', 'Reoviruses (Respiratory Enteric Orphan viruses) are a family of viruses that have a segmented genome consisting of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA).', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22769, 1622, 'Transduction was first reported by:', '[\"Griffith\", \"Lederberg and Tatum\", \"Zinder and Lederberg\", \"joseph lister\"]', 2, 'medium', 'Transduction, the process by which DNA is transferred from one bacterium to another by a virus, was discovered in 1952 by Norton Zinder and Joshua Lederberg.', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22770, 1660, 'Asexual reproduction in spirogyra can take place by:', '[\"akinetes\", \"aplanospore\", \"azygospore\", \"all\"]', 3, 'medium', 'Spirogyra can reproduce asexually under unfavorable conditions by forming thick-walled resting spores like akinetes, aplanospores, and azygospores (parthenospores).', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22771, 1662, 'Red rust of tea is caused by;', '[\"virus\", \"algae\", \"bacteria\", \"fungi\"]', 1, 'medium', 'Red rust of tea is a plant disease caused by a parasitic alga of the genus Cephaleuros.', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22772, 1660, 'Which of the following is true moss:', '[\"reindeer moss\", \"Iceland moss\", \"bog moss\", \"bird nest moss\"]', 2, 'medium', 'Bog moss is the common name for Sphagnum, which is a genus of true mosses (division Bryophyta). The others are lichens or clubmosses.', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22773, 1660, 'Pteridophytes are:', '[\"vascular with seeds\", \"avascular with spores\", \"vascular with spores\", \"avascular with seeds\"]', 2, 'medium', 'Pteridophytes (ferns and their allies) are characterized by having a vascular system (xylem and phloem) for transport, but they reproduce via spores, not seeds.', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22774, 1660, 'Number of ovules in each megasporophyll of pinus is:', '[\"1-6 pairs\", \"2 pairs\", \"1 pair\", \"4-6 pairs\"]', 2, 'medium', 'In Pinus, each ovuliferous scale (which is a modified megasporophyll) bears two naked ovules on its upper surface. Thus, there is 1 pair of ovules.', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22775, 1662, 'The fruit of Arachis hypogea is;', '[\"Drupe\", \"lomentum\", \"nut\", \"caryopsis\"]', 1, 'medium', 'The fruit of Arachis hypogea (peanut) is a lomentum, a type of indehiscent legume that is constricted between the seeds.', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22776, 1660, 'Tetradynamous condition of stamen is present in cruciferae family and is characterized by the presence of:', '[\"6 stamens(2 outer shorter+4 inner longer)\", \"6stamens(2inner longer+4 outer shorter)\", \"6 stamens(2 outer longer+4 inner shorter)\", \"6 stamens(3 outer shorter+3 inner longer)\"]', 0, 'medium', 'The tetradynamous condition, characteristic of the family Cruciferae (Brassicaceae), consists of six stamens arranged in two whorls: two shorter outer stamens and four longer inner stamens.', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22777, 1661, 'The term ecology was coined by:', '[\"Reiter\", \"Haeckel\", \"Eilton\", \"Charles Darwin\"]', 1, 'medium', 'The German biologist Ernst Haeckel is credited with coining the term \"ecology\" in 1866.', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22778, 1618, 'Swollen spongy petiole is present in:', '[\"rubia\", \"hydrilla\", \"pistia\", \"eichornia\"]', 3, 'medium', 'Eichhornia (water hyacinth) has swollen, spongy petioles that are filled with aerenchyma tissue, which provides buoyancy, allowing the plant to float on water.', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22779, 1662, 'In a fertilized ovule the cells of egg, nucellus, endosperm are respectively:', '[\"2n,n and 3n\", \"n,n and 2n\", \"n, 2n and 3n\", \"n,n and 3n\"]', 2, 'medium', 'Before fertilization, the egg is haploid (n) and the nucellus is diploid (2n). After fertilization in angiosperms, the endosperm, formed from the fusion of a male gamete (n) and two polar nuclei (n+n), is triploid (3n).', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22780, 1662, 'A typical ovule having horse shoe shaped embryo sac is:', '[\"campylotropic ovule\", \"circinotropus\", \"hemianatropus\", \"amphitropus\"]', 3, 'medium', 'An amphitropous ovule is one where the body of the ovule is curved to such an extent that the embryo sac itself becomes horseshoe-shaped.', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22781, 532, 'Complete the series: 2, 1, 2, 4, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 8, 10, 11, ?', '[\"9\", \"10\", \"11\", \"12\"]', 1, 'medium', 'The sequence is a combination of three interleaved series. Series 1 (1st, 4th, 7th, 10th, 13th terms): 2, 4, 6, 8, ?. This is a series of consecutive even numbers, so the next term is 10.', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22782, 530, 'Question: How is J related to P ? Statements: I. P\'s mother is married to J\'s husband who has one son and two daughters. II. M is brother of P and T is sister of J.', '[\"I alone is sufficient\", \"II alone is sufficient\", \"Either I or II is sufficient\", \"Neither I nor II is sufficient\"]', 3, 'medium', 'Statement I: \"P\'s mother is married to J\'s husband\" means J and P\'s mother are the same person. So, J is the mother of P. This is sufficient. Statement II: M is the brother of P and T is the sister of J. This does not establish any relationship between J and P. Therefore, the provided answer key indicating neither is sufficient appears incorrect based on the standard interpretation of the first statement.', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22783, 531, 'A motorist knows four different routes from Bristol to Birmingham. From Birmingham to Sheffield he knows three different routes and from Sheffield to Carlisle he knows two different routes. How many routes does he know from Bristol to Carlisle ?', '[\"4\", \"8\", \"12\", \"24\"]', 3, 'medium', 'To find the total number of routes, we multiply the number of choices for each segment of the journey. Total routes = 4 (Bristol to Birmingham) × 3 (Birmingham to Sheffield) × 2 (Sheffield to Carlisle) = 24.', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22784, 531, 'In a garden, there are 10 rows and 12 columns of mango trees. The distance between the two trees is 2 metres and a distance of one metre is left from all sides of the boundary of the garden. The length of the garden is', '[\"20 m\", \"22 m\", \"24 m\", \"26 m\"]', 2, 'medium', 'The length of the garden corresponds to the 12 columns. There are 11 gaps between 12 trees. The total distance covered by the trees and gaps is 11 gaps × 2 m/gap = 22 m. Additionally, there is a 1-meter boundary on each of the two sides along the length. So, the total length = 22 m + 1 m + 1 m = 24 m.', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22785, 530, 'Microphone : Loud :: Microscope : ?', '[\"Elongate\", \"Investigate\", \"Magnify\", \"Examine\"]', 2, 'medium', 'The relationship is tool to its function. A microphone makes sound louder. A microscope makes an object appear magnified.', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22786, 532, 'Which one will replace the question mark? Column 1: [12, 8, 80], Column 2: [16, 7, 207], Column 3: [25, 21, ?]', '[\"184\", \"210\", \"241\", \"425\"]', 0, 'medium', 'The pattern in each column is that the bottom number is the difference of the squares of the top two numbers. Column 1: $12^2 - 8^2 = 144 - 64 = 80$. Column 2: $16^2 - 7^2 = 256 - 49 = 207$. Column 3: $25^2 - 21^2 = 625 - 441 = 184$.', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22787, 533, 'A man walks 2 km towards North. Then he turns to East and walks 10 km. After this he turns to North and walks 3 km. Again he turns towards East and walks 2 km. How far is he from the starting point?', '[\"10 km\", \"13 km\", \"15 km\", \"None of these\"]', 1, 'medium', 'Total distance moved North = 2 km + 3 km = 5 km. Total distance moved East = 10 km + 2 km = 12 km. The final position forms a right-angled triangle with the starting point. The shortest distance (hypotenuse) is $\\sqrt{5^2 + 12^2} = \\sqrt{25 + 144} = \\sqrt{169} = 13$ km.', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22788, 533, 'Which of the following diagrams indicates the best relation between Lion, Dog and Snake ?', '[\"Three separate circles\", \"One circle inside another, third separate\", \"Three overlapping circles\", \"Three intersecting circles\"]', 0, 'medium', 'Lion, Dog, and Snake are three distinct types of animals that belong to separate, non-overlapping categories (feline, canine, reptile). The best representation is three separate circles.', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22789, 530, 'If A+B means A is the sister of B; A x B means A is the wife of B, A% B means A is the father of B and A - B means A is the brother of B. Which of the following means T is the daughter of P?', '[\"$P \\times Q \\% R + S - T$\", \"$P \\times Q \\% R - T + S$\", \"$P \\times Q \\% R + T - S$\", \"$P \\times Q \\% R + S + T$\"]', 1, 'medium', 'Let\'s analyze option B: $P \\times Q$ means P is the wife of Q (so Q is the husband). $Q \\% R$ means Q is the father of R. So P and Q are parents of R. $R - T$ means R is the brother of T. $T + S$ means T is the sister of S. This makes R, T, and S siblings, and their parents are P and Q. Thus, T is the daughter of P.', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22790, 530, 'A shoe always has:', '[\"sole\", \"leather\", \"laces\", \"walking\"]', 0, 'medium', 'Every shoe must have a sole, which is the bottom part. Not all shoes are made of leather, have laces, or are used for walking (e.g., slippers).', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22791, 530, 'Which word does NOT belong with the others?', '[\"noun\", \"preposition\", \"punctuation\", \"adverb\"]', 2, 'medium', 'Noun, preposition, and adverb are all parts of speech. Punctuation refers to the marks used in writing to separate sentences and their elements, not a part of speech.', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22792, 532, 'From an artificial language: \'relftaga\' means carefree, \'otaga\' means careful, \'fertaga\' means careless. Which word could mean \"aftercare\"?', '[\"zentaga\", \"tagafer\", \"tagazen\", \"relffer\"]', 2, 'medium', 'From the examples, \'taga\' means \'care\'. The prefixes \'relf-\', \'o-\', and \'fer-\' mean \'-free\', \'-ful\', and \'-less\' respectively. The word order is reversed. So, \"aftercare\" would be \"care-after\", which translates to \"taga\" followed by a new prefix for \"after\". \"tagazen\" is the only option that fits this structure.', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22793, 530, 'Careful is to cautious as boastful is to', '[\"arrogant\", \"humble\", \"joyful\", \"suspicious\"]', 0, 'medium', 'The relationship is one of synonyms. \"Careful\" and \"cautious\" have similar meanings. \"Boastful\" and \"arrogant\" are also synonyms.', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22794, 532, 'Find the next term in the series: QAR, RAS, SAT, TAU, ___', '[\"UAV\", \"UAT\", \"TAS\", \"TAT\"]', 0, 'medium', 'This is an alphabetical series. The first letter of each term increments by one (Q, R, S, T, U). The second letter is always A. The third letter also increments by one (R, S, T, U, V). So the next term is UAV.', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22795, 531, 'Find a positive number which when increased by 17 is equal to 60 times the reciprocal of the number.', '[\"3\", \"10\", \"17\", \"20\"]', 0, 'medium', 'Let the number be x. The equation is $x + 17 = 60/x$. Multiplying by x gives $x^2 + 17x = 60$, or $x^2 + 17x - 60 = 0$. Factoring this gives $(x+20)(x-3) = 0$. Since the number must be positive, x = 3.', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22796, 531, 'If 6th March, 2005 is Monday, what was the day of the week on 6th March, 2004?', '[\"Sunday\", \"Saturday\", \"Tuesday\", \"Wednesday\"]', 0, 'medium', 'The period from March 6, 2004, to March 5, 2005, is 365 days, as February 29, 2004, has already passed. A period of 365 days contains 1 odd day. Therefore, the day of the week on March 6, 2004, was one day before the day on March 6, 2005. If March 6, 2005, was a Monday, then March 6, 2004, was a Sunday.', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22797, 531, 'If the average marks of three batches of 55, 60 and 45 students respectively is 50, 55, 60, then the average marks of all the students is:', '[\"53.33\", \"54.68\", \"55\", \"None of these\"]', 1, 'medium', 'Total marks = $(55 \\times 50) + (60 \\times 55) + (45 \\times 60) = 2750 + 3300 + 2700 = 8750$. Total number of students = $55 + 60 + 45 = 160$. The average marks = Total marks / Total students = $8750 / 160 = 54.6875$.', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22798, 531, 'At what angle the hands of a clock are inclined at 15 minutes past 5?', '[\"58.5°\", \"64°\", \"67.5°\", \"72.5°\"]', 2, 'medium', 'At 5:15, the minute hand is at 15 minutes, which is $15 \\times 6^{\\circ} = 90^{\\circ}$ from 12. The hour hand is at 5 and 1/4 of the way to 6. Its position is $5 \\times 30^{\\circ} + 15 \\times 0.5^{\\circ} = 150^{\\circ} + 7.5^{\\circ} = 157.5^{\\circ}$ from 12. The angle between them is $157.5^{\\circ} - 90^{\\circ} = 67.5^{\\circ}$.', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22799, 533, 'Select the figure which satisfies the same conditions of placement of the dots as in Figure-X.', '[\"1\", \"2\", \"3\", \"4\"]', 0, 'medium', 'In Figure-X: one dot is common to the square, triangle, and rectangle only. Another dot is common to the circle and square only. A third dot is common to the square and rectangle only. Only figure (1) contains all three of these distinct regions allowing for the placement of the dots.', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22800, 533, 'Choose a figure which would most closely resemble the unfolded form of Figure (Z).', '[\"1\", \"2\", \"3\", \"4\"]', 2, 'medium', 'The paper is first folded in half vertically, then the right half is folded down diagonally. A cut is made. Unfolding the diagonal fold will mirror the cut upwards. Unfolding the vertical fold will mirror the entire pattern to the left, creating a symmetrical design that matches figure (3).', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', '2025-09-07 03:01:02', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22801, 520, 'Pascal second is the unit of:', '[\"Energy\", \"Young\'s modulus\", \"Stress\", \"Viscosity\"]', 3, 'medium', 'The coefficient of viscosity (η) is defined by the formula F = ηA(dv/dx). The unit is (N·s)/m², which simplifies to Pa·s (Pascal second).', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22802, 520, 'A body is being rotated in a horizontal circle with the constant angular velocity. Which one of the following is always constant?', '[\"velocity\", \"Acceleration\", \"force\", \"Kinetic energy\"]', 3, 'medium', 'In uniform circular motion, speed is constant, but velocity, acceleration, and force vectors are constantly changing direction. Kinetic energy, being a scalar quantity ($1/2 mv^2$), depends on speed and mass, which are constant, so it remains constant.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22803, 520, 'A 100m train crosses a man at 5km/hr in opposite direction, in 7.2 seconds then the velocity of train is?', '[\"40km/hr\", \"25km/hr\", \"20km/hr\", \"45km/hr\"]', 3, 'medium', 'Let the velocity of the train be v. The relative velocity is (v + 5) km/hr. Converting to m/s: $(v+5) \\times 5/18$. The distance is 100m and time is 7.2s. So, $(v+5) \\times 5/18 = 100/7.2$. This gives $v+5 = 50$, so $v = 45$ km/hr.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22804, 520, 'which of the following is consequence of the conservation of the energy?', '[\"bernoulli\'s theoram\", \"Archimede\'s principle\", \"Pascal\'s law\", \"Torcelle\'s theorem\"]', 0, 'medium', 'Bernoulli\'s theorem, which relates pressure, velocity, and height in a moving fluid, is a direct application of the principle of conservation of energy to fluid dynamics.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22805, 520, 'if cyclist moving with speed of 4.9 m/s on a level road can take a sharp circular turn of radius 4m,then coefficient of friction between the cycle tires and road is:', '[\"0.41\", \"0.61\", \"0.51\", \"0.71\"]', 1, 'medium', 'The centripetal force is provided by the static friction, so $mv^2/r = \\mu mg$. This simplifies to $\\mu = v^2/(rg)$. Substituting the values: $\\mu = (4.9)^2 / (4 \\times 9.8) = 24.01 / 39.2 = 0.61$.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22806, 520, 'A machine delivering constant power moves a body along a straight line. The distance moved by the body in time t is proportional to:', '[\"t\", \"$t^{3/4}$\", \"$t^{3/2}$\", \"$t^{1/2}$\"]', 2, 'medium', 'Power P = Fv = (ma)v. Since P is constant, $v(dv/dt) = P/m$. Integrating gives $v^2/2 = (P/m)t$, so $v \\propto t^{1/2}$. Since $v = ds/dt$, we have $s \\propto \\int t^{1/2} dt \\propto t^{3/2}$.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22807, 520, 'A lift is ascending with the acceleration equal to g/3 what will be the time period of a simple pendulum suspended from its ceiling if its time-period in stationary lift Is T:', '[\"T/2\", \"T/4\", \"$\\sqrt{3/4}T$\", \"T\"]', 2, 'medium', 'The effective acceleration is $g_{eff} = g + a = g + g/3 = 4g/3$. The time period is $T\' = 2\\pi\\sqrt{l/g_{eff}} = 2\\pi\\sqrt{l/(4g/3)} = \\sqrt{3/4} \\times (2\\pi\\sqrt{l/g}) = (\\sqrt{3}/2) \\times T$.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22808, 520, 'If the spinning speed of the earth is increased, then the weight of the body at the equator is:', '[\"Increase\", \"does not change\", \"doubles\", \"decrease\"]', 3, 'medium', 'The apparent weight at the equator is $W = mg - m\\omega^2R$. If the angular speed (ω) increases, the centrifugal force ($m\\omega^2R$) increases, which reduces the apparent weight.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22809, 521, 'for the gas, if the ratio of specific heats at constant pressure and volume is γ, then the value of degree of the freedom is:', '[\"$2/(\\gamma-1)$\", \"$(\\gamma+1)/(\\gamma-1)$\", \"$(\\gamma-1)/(\\gamma+1)$\", \"$(\\gamma-1)/2$\"]', 0, 'medium', 'The relationship between the ratio of specific heats (γ) and the degrees of freedom (f) for a gas is given by the formula $\\gamma = 1 + 2/f$. Rearranging for f gives $f = 2/(\\gamma - 1)$.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22810, 521, 'Absolute zero is the condition at which:', '[\"Molecular motion cease\", \"gas becomes liquid\", \"gas becomes liquefied\", \"Random motion of the molecule occurs\"]', 0, 'medium', 'Absolute zero (0 Kelvin) is the theoretical temperature at which all classical motion of particles ceases. It is the lowest possible temperature where particles have minimum vibrational motion.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22811, 521, 'If the thermometer reads freezing point of the water at 20°C and the boiling point 150°C, how much thermometer will read in °C when the actual temperature is 60°C?', '[\"98\", \"110\", \"40\", \"60\"]', 0, 'medium', 'Using the formula $(X - LFP)/(UFP - LFP) = 	ext{constant}$. For the faulty thermometer, $(X - 20)/(150 - 20)$. For a correct Celsius scale, $(60 - 0)/(100 - 0)$. Equating them: $(X-20)/130 = 60/100$. So, $X - 20 = 130 \\times 0.6 = 78$. $X = 98$.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22812, 522, 'Which of these travels in glass with maximum velocity?', '[\"Violet light\", \"Green light\", \"yellow light\", \"Red light\"]', 3, 'medium', 'The velocity of light in a medium is $v = c/n$. The refractive index (n) of glass is lowest for the longest wavelength. Red light has the longest wavelength among the given options, hence it has the lowest refractive index and the maximum velocity in glass.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22813, 522, 'An optician prescribes spectals to a patient with a combination of convex lens of focal length 40cm and concave lens 25cm. The power of spectals is?', '[\"-1.5D\", \"6.5D\", \"1.5D\", \"-6.5D\"]', 0, 'medium', 'Power $P = P_1 + P_2$. $P_1 = 1/f_1 = 1/0.4 = +2.5D$. $P_2 = 1/f_2 = 1/(-0.25) = -4.0D$. The total power is $P = 2.5 - 4.0 = -1.5D$.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22814, 522, 'A ray of light passes through the optic center of thick lens is:', '[\"Displaced and deviated\", \"displaced but not deviated\", \"not deviated and not displaced\", \"None\"]', 1, 'medium', 'For a thick lens, a ray passing through the optical center emerges parallel to the incident ray but is laterally displaced. It is not deviated (does not change its angle).', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22815, 523, 'A wire is stretched so that its radius becomes one third of the original value. The Value of resistance as compared to the original is:', '[\"9:1\", \"27:1\", \"81:1\", \"3:1\"]', 2, 'medium', 'When stretched, volume is constant: $V = A_1 L_1 = A_2 L_2$. $r_2 = r_1/3$, so $A_2 = A_1/9$. Thus $L_2=9L_1$. Resistance $R = \\rho L/A$. The new resistance is $R_2 = \\rho (9L_1)/(A_1/9) = 81 (\\rho L_1/A_1) = 81 R_1$. The ratio is 81:1.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22816, 523, 'A galvanometer of 100 ohm resistance gives full scale deflection with 0.01 A current. How much resistance should be connected to convert it into an ammeter of range 10A?', '[\"0.2 ohm in series\", \"0.1 ohm in parallel\", \"0.1 ohm in series\", \"0.2 ohm in parallel\"]', 1, 'medium', 'To convert a galvanometer to an ammeter, a low resistance shunt (S) is connected in parallel. Using the formula $S = (I_g G) / (I - I_g) = (0.01 \\times 100) / (10 - 0.01) = 1 / 9.99 \\approx 0.1$ ohm in parallel.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22817, 523, 'Two wires carrying current in different directions they will?', '[\"attract each other\", \"repel each other\", \"Create gravitational field\", \"Any of the above\"]', 1, 'medium', 'Two parallel wires carrying currents in opposite directions exert a repulsive force on each other.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22818, 524, 'The closed pipe of length 100cm and 101cm long gives 16 beats in 20sec. When each pipe is sounded in its fundamental mode. calculate the velocity of the sound?', '[\"303m/s\", \"332m/s\", \"324m/s\", \"300m/s\"]', 2, 'medium', 'Beat frequency = 16/20 = 0.8 Hz. Frequencies are $f_1=v/4L_1$ and $f_2=v/4L_2$. $f_1 - f_2 = (v/4)(1/L_1 - 1/L_2)$. $0.8 = (v/4)(1/1.00 - 1/1.01) = (v/4)((1.01-1.00)/1.01) \\approx (v/4)(0.01)$. So, $v = (0.8 \\times 4) / 0.01 = 320$ m/s. Closest option is 324 m/s.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22819, 524, 'When the tuning fork vibrates, the wave produced in fork are?', '[\"Longitudinal\", \"Transverse\", \"progressive\", \"stationary\"]', 1, 'medium', 'The prongs of a tuning fork vibrate back and forth, creating transverse waves within the metal of the fork itself.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22820, 524, 'Resonance is special case of the?', '[\"damped vibration\", \"forced vibration\", \"undamped vibration\", \"natural vibration\"]', 1, 'medium', 'Resonance occurs when a system is subjected to forced vibrations at a frequency that matches its own natural frequency, leading to a large amplitude of vibration.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22821, 525, 'Which of the following set of the quantum numbers represents an orbital with highest energy?', '[\"$n=3, l=0, m=0, s=+1/2$\", \"$n=3, l=1, m=+1, s=-1/2$\", \"$n=3, l=2, m=+2, s=+1/2$\", \"$n=4, l=0, m=0, s=-1/2$\"]', 3, 'medium', 'The energy of an orbital is determined by the (n+l) rule. a) n+l=3, b) n+l=4, c) n+l=5, d) n+l=4. Option (c) has the highest (n+l) value, so it represents the orbital with the highest energy (3d).', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22822, 520, 'If energy E, velocity v and time T are taken as fundamental units, the dimensional formula for surface tension becomes', '[\"$[E v^{-2}T^{-2}]$\", \"$[E^{0}v^{-2}T^{-2}]$\", \"$[E^{2}v^{2}T^{-2}]$\", \"$[E v^{-2}T^{2}]$\"]', 0, 'medium', 'Surface Tension = Energy/Area = Energy/(Length)². Since Length = Velocity × Time, Area = $(VT)^2 = V^2T^2$. So, Surface Tension has dimensions $[E][V^2T^2]^{-1} = [EV^{-2}T^{-2}]$.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22823, 524, 'Which of the following has zero vector?', '[\"electric field\", \"electrostatic potential\", \"angular moment\", \"torque\"]', 1, 'medium', 'Electrostatic potential is a scalar quantity, not a vector. Electric field, angular momentum, and torque are all vector quantities.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22824, 520, 'The length of a second hand in a watch is 1cm. The change in velocity in 15 sec is', '[\"$\\frac{\\pi}{30\\sqrt{2}}cm/s$\", \"$\\frac{\\pi}{30}cm/s$\", \"0\", \"$\\frac{\\pi\\sqrt{2}}{30}cm/s$\"]', 3, 'medium', 'Speed $v = \\omega r = (2\\pi/60) \\times 1 = \\pi/30$ cm/s. In 15 seconds, the hand moves 90°. The change in velocity is $|\\Delta \\vec{v}| = \\sqrt{v_1^2 + v_2^2} = \\sqrt{v^2 + v^2} = v\\sqrt{2} = (\\pi/30)\\sqrt{2}$ cm/s.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22825, 520, 'If the mass and velocity of a body in a projectile motion is doubled then the linear momentum becomes', '[\"2 times\", \"4 times\", \"1/2 times\", \"constant\"]', 1, 'medium', 'Linear momentum is $p = mv$. If mass becomes 2m and velocity becomes 2v, the new momentum is $p\' = (2m)(2v) = 4mv = 4p$. It becomes 4 times the original.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22826, 520, 'A block is sliding down a 30° smooth inclined plane. Then coefficient of sliding friction will be', '[\"$1/\\sqrt{3}$\", \"$\\sqrt{3}/2$\", \"$1/2$\", \"zero\"]', 3, 'medium', 'A smooth plane implies there is no friction. Therefore, the coefficient of sliding friction is zero.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22827, 520, 'A body 2kg is accelerated from rest to 72 km/hr. Then work done on the body is', '[\"400J\", \"200J\", \"250J\", \"100J\"]', 0, 'medium', 'Velocity $v = 72 km/hr = 72 \\times (5/18) m/s = 20 m/s$. By the work-energy theorem, work done = change in kinetic energy = $(1/2)mv^2 - 0 = (1/2)(2)(20)^2 = 400$ J.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22828, 520, 'The ratio of value of g at height R/2 to that at depth R/2 is (R= radius of earth)', '[\"1:1\", \"3:4\", \"8:9\", \"9:8\"]', 2, 'medium', 'Value of g at height h: $g_h = g(R/(R+h))^2 = g(R/(3R/2))^2 = 4g/9$. Value of g at depth d: $g_d = g(1-d/R) = g(1-(R/2)/R) = g/2$. The ratio $g_h/g_d = (4g/9)/(g/2) = 8/9$.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22829, 520, 'The time period of a simple pendulum inside a satellite orbiting the earth is', '[\"Infinity\", \"0\", \"Isec\", \"9.8 sec\"]', 0, 'medium', 'Inside an orbiting satellite, there is a state of weightlessness, so the effective acceleration due to gravity (g) is zero. The time period $T = 2\\pi\\sqrt{l/g}$ becomes infinite.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22830, 520, 'According to Hooke\'s Law, if stress is increased, the ratio of stress to strain', '[\"Increases\", \"Decreases\", \"Remains Constant\", \"None\"]', 2, 'medium', 'Hooke\'s Law states that within the elastic limit, stress is proportional to strain. Their ratio, which is the modulus of elasticity, remains constant for a given material.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22831, 520, 'An iron cube floats in a vessel containing mercury at 20°C. If the temperature is increased by 100°C the cube will float', '[\"Lower\", \"Higher\", \"At same level\", \"Lower or higher depending upon mass of cube\"]', 0, 'medium', 'When temperature increases, both mercury and iron expand. However, the coefficient of volume expansion for mercury is much greater than that for iron. Mercury\'s density will decrease more significantly, causing the buoyant force to decrease, and the iron cube will sink lower.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22832, 521, 'Two substance having specific heat C1 cal/gm°C and C2 cal/gm°F. Then which of the following relation is valid', '[\"$C1=C2$\", \"$C1<C2$\", \"$C1 \\le C2$\", \"$C1>C2$\"]', 3, 'medium', 'A change of 1°C is equivalent to a change of 1.8°F (or 9/5 °F). Since C1 is heat per gram per °C and C2 is heat per gram per °F, it takes more energy to raise the temperature by 1°C than by 1°F. Therefore, C1 > C2.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22833, 521, 'The gas law (PV/T)=Constant is true for', '[\"Isothermal Change only\", \"Adiabatic Change only\", \"Both Adiabatic and isothermal\", \"Neither Adiabatic nor isothermal\"]', 2, 'medium', 'The ideal gas law in the form PV = nRT, or PV/T = nR (a constant), is a fundamental equation of state that applies to an ideal gas regardless of the specific thermodynamic process (isothermal, adiabatic, etc.).', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22834, 521, 'Water in a pond is heated by sunlight. The temperature of water increases from top to bottom through:', '[\"Conduction\", \"Convection\", \"Radiation\", \"All of these\"]', 0, 'medium', 'Sunlight (radiation) heats the top layer of water. This heat is then transferred to lower layers primarily through conduction, as convection would involve cooler, denser water sinking, which doesn\'t happen when heating from the top.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22835, 521, 'If one mole of monoatomic gas (γ=5/3) is mixed with one mole of a diatomic gas (γ=7/5). What is the value of γ for the mixture?', '[\"1.4\", \"1.5\", \"1.33\", \"1.6\"]', 1, 'medium', 'For the mixture, $C_v = (n_1C_{v1} + n_2C_{v2}) / (n_1+n_2)$. $C_{v1} = 3R/2$, $C_{v2} = 5R/2$. So, $C_{v,mix} = (1(3R/2) + 1(5R/2))/2 = 2R$. $C_{p,mix} = C_{v,mix} + R = 3R$. The ratio for the mixture is $\\gamma_{mix} = C_p/C_v = 3R/2R = 1.5$.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22836, 524, 'Two Sound waves having a phase difference of 60° have path difference of', '[\"$2\\lambda$\", \"$\\lambda/2$\", \"$\\lambda/3$\", \"$\\lambda/6$\"]', 3, 'medium', 'Path difference $\\Delta x = (\\lambda / 2\\pi) \\times \\text{phase difference}$. Given phase difference = $60^{\\circ} = \\pi/3$ radians. So, $\\Delta x = (\\lambda / 2\\pi) \\times (\\pi/3) = \\lambda/6$.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22837, 524, 'If the difference of frequencies of two sounding sources is more than 10Hz, then the beats', '[\"Are not formed at all.\", \"Are heard with increased clarity\", \"Cease to be distinguishable\", \"Are audible\"]', 0, 'medium', 'Due to the persistence of hearing, the human ear cannot distinguish individual beats if their frequency is greater than about 10 Hz. The beats are still physically present but are not perceived.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22838, 522, 'Which of the following forms erect image?', '[\"Compound Microscope\", \"Astronomical Telescope\", \"Eyes\", \"Gallilean Telescope\"]', 3, 'medium', 'A Galilean telescope uses a convex objective lens and a concave eyepiece, a combination that produces an upright, virtual image.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22839, 524, 'If an electron is released in electric field of strength 1N/C then the acceleration of electron will be', '[\"$10^{10}m/s^2$\", \"$1.7 \\times 10^{11}m/s^2$\", \"$1 \\times 10^{12}m/s^2$\", \"None\"]', 1, 'medium', 'Force $F=qE$. Acceleration $a=F/m = qE/m$. Substituting values for an electron: $a = (1.6 \\times 10^{-19} C)(1 N/C) / (9.1 \\times 10^{-31} kg) \\approx 1.76 \\times 10^{11} m/s^2$.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22840, 523, 'Two bulb of 25W, 200V and 200W, 200V has resistances in the ratio', '[\"1:8\", \"8:1\", \"1:64\", \"64:1\"]', 1, 'medium', 'Power $P = V^2/R$, so resistance $R = V^2/P$. Since the voltage is the same for both bulbs, the resistance is inversely proportional to the power ($R \\propto 1/P$). Therefore, $R_1/R_2 = P_2/P_1 = 200W / 25W = 8/1$. The ratio is 8:1.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22841, 523, 'If only 2% of the main current is to be passed through galvanometer of resistance G, then the resistance of shunt will be', '[\"$G/50$\", \"50G\", \"49G\", \"$G/49$\"]', 3, 'medium', 'Let the main current be I. Current through galvanometer $I_g = 0.02I$. Current through shunt $I_s = I - I_g = 0.98I$. Since they are in parallel, the voltage drop is the same: $I_g G = I_s S$. So, $0.02I \\times G = 0.98I \\times S$. This gives $S = (0.02/0.98)G = (1/49)G$.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22842, 527, 'which of the planet has no atmosphere?', '[\"mercury\", \"venus\", \"earth\", \"jupiter\"]', 0, 'medium', 'Mercury has a very thin, tenuous atmosphere called an exosphere, but for practical purposes, it is often considered to have no significant atmosphere due to its low gravity and proximity to the Sun.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22843, 527, 'The expansion of galaxies is supported by', '[\"white shift\", \"red shift\", \"both\", \"none\"]', 1, 'medium', 'The redshift of light from distant galaxies, observed by Edwin Hubble, indicates that they are moving away from us. This is a key piece of evidence for the expansion of the universe.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22844, 526, 'The potential barrier in depletion layer is due to', '[\"ions\", \"electrons\", \"hole\", \"all\"]', 0, 'medium', 'The depletion region in a p-n junction is formed by the diffusion of charge carriers, which leaves behind immobile positive ions on the n-side and negative ions on the p-side. This separation of fixed charges creates the potential barrier.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22845, 526, 'Forbidden energy gap shows the order', '[\"conductor < semi conductor < Insulater\", \"semiconducter<conductor<insulater\", \"all the same\", \"conductor insulater < semiconductor\"]', 0, 'medium', 'The forbidden energy gap is largest for insulators, intermediate for semiconductors, and smallest (or overlapping) for conductors. The correct order of the energy gap is Insulator > Semiconductor > Conductor.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22846, 526, 'The energy gap between the conduction band and valence band of ceretain material is 0.7 eV. The material is', '[\"semiconductor\", \"insulater\", \"conductor\", \"all\"]', 0, 'medium', 'Materials with a small, non-zero energy gap (typically in the range of 0.1 to 3 eV) are classified as semiconductors. 0.7 eV is a typical value for a semiconductor like Germanium.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22847, 525, 'The energy of photon having wavelength of 7000A is:', '[\"$1.77eV$\", \"$2.4eV$\", \"$3.1eV$\", \"$4eV$\"]', 0, 'medium', 'Energy of a photon $E = hc/\\lambda$. Using $hc \\approx 1240$ eV·nm. Wavelength $\\lambda = 7000 \\AA = 700$ nm. So, $E = 1240/700 \\approx 1.77$ eV.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22848, 525, 'The half life of radioactive substance is 10 days. The time during which it would decay to 1/10 of its initial value is nearly:', '[\"33 days\", \"35 days\", \"30 days\", \"40 days\"]', 0, 'medium', 'Using $N = N_0(1/2)^{t/T_{1/2}}$. We want $N/N_0 = 1/10$. So, $1/10 = (1/2)^{t/10}$. Taking log on both sides: $\\log(1/10) = (t/10)\\log(1/2)$. $-1 = (t/10)(-\\log 2) \\Rightarrow t = 10/\\log 2 = 10/0.301 \\approx 33.2$ days.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22849, 523, 'A current of 2A passing through a conductor produces 80J of heat in 10s. The resistance of the conductor is:', '[\"$0.5\\Omega$\", \"$2\\Omega$\", \"$4\\Omega$\", \"$20\\Omega$\"]', 1, 'medium', 'Using the formula for Joule heating, $H = I^2Rt$. Rearranging for resistance, $R = H / (I^2t)$. Substituting the values: $R = 80J / ((2A)^2 \\times 10s) = 80 / (4 \\times 10) = 2 \\Omega$.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22850, 525, 'The energy that should be added to an electron to reduce its de Broglie wavelength from $10^{-10}$m to $0.5 \\times 10^{-10}$m will be:', '[\"Four times the initial energy\", \"Thrice the initial energy\", \"Equal to the initial energy\", \"Twice the initial energy\"]', 1, 'medium', 'De Broglie wavelength $\\lambda = h/p = h/\\sqrt{2mK}$. So, kinetic energy $K \\propto 1/\\lambda^2$. If the wavelength is halved, the new kinetic energy $K\'$ will be $1/(1/2)^2 = 4$ times the initial energy $K$. The energy added is $K\' - K = 4K - K = 3K$, which is thrice the initial energy.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22851, 512, '0.6gm of a compound occupies 224cm³ of the volume at stp. it consists of 6.67% of H₂, 40% of carbon and rest of the oxygen. What is the molecular formula of the compound?', '[\"$CH_2O$\", \"$C_2H_2O$\", \"$CH_2O_2$\", \"$C_2H_4O_2$\"]', 3, 'medium', 'Molar mass = (0.6 g / 0.224 L) * 22.4 L/mol = 60 g/mol. Empirical Formula: C:(40/12)=3.33, H:(6.67/1)=6.67, O:(53.33/16)=3.33. Ratio is 1:2:1, so EF is $CH_2O$ (mass=30). Molecular Formula = $n \\times EF$. $n = MM/EFM = 60/30 = 2$. Molecular Formula is $(CH_2O)_2 = C_2H_4O_2$.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22852, 510, 'According to fajan\'s rule the covalent bond is favoured by?', '[\"small cation and large anion\", \"large cation and small anion\", \"large cation and large anion\", \"Small cation and small anion\"]', 0, 'medium', 'Fajan\'s rules state that covalent character is favored by a small, highly charged cation and a large, easily polarizable anion.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22853, 510, 'Equivalent weight of the $KMnO_4$ acting as an oxidant in acidic medium is:', '[\"the same as its molecular weight\", \"half of its molecular weight\", \"one-third of its molecular weight\", \"one fifth of its molecular weight\"]', 3, 'medium', 'In an acidic medium, the permanganate ion ($MnO_4^−$) is reduced to $Mn^{2+}$. The change in the oxidation state of Mn is from +7 to +2, which is a change of 5. Therefore, the equivalent weight is the molecular weight divided by 5.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22854, 510, 'schottky defect in crystals is observed when:', '[\"equal number of cation and anions are misplaced\", \"unequal number of the cations and anions are missing from the crystal lattice\", \"equal number of cations and anions are missing from the lattice\", \"density of the crystal is increased\"]', 2, 'medium', 'A Schottky defect is a type of point defect in a crystal lattice that occurs when an equal number of cations and anions are missing from their lattice sites, maintaining overall electrical neutrality.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22855, 510, 'Dalton\'s law of partial pressure is applicable to?', '[\"$O_2+O_3$\", \"$CO+CO_2$\", \"$NH_3+HCl$\", \"$I_2+O_2$\"]', 2, 'medium', 'Dalton\'s law of partial pressures applies to mixtures of gases that do not react with each other. Ammonia ($NH_3$) and hydrogen chloride (HCl) react to form ammonium chloride ($NH_4Cl$).', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL);
INSERT INTO `questions` (`id`, `topic_id`, `question_text`, `options`, `correct_answer_index`, `difficulty`, `explanation`, `created_at`, `updated_at`, `marks`, `is_ai_generated`, `ai_metadata`, `user_id`, `ai_model`) VALUES
(22856, 510, 'A molar solution is that which contains one mole of the solute in:', '[\"1000cc of solvent\", \"1000gm of the solution\", \"1000cc of the solution\", \"1000 gm of the solvent\"]', 3, 'medium', 'A molal solution (molality) is defined as one mole of solute dissolved in 1000 grams (1 kg) of the solvent. A molar solution (molarity) is one mole in 1000cc of solution.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22857, 510, 'For the reaction: $Fe_2O_3(s)+3CO(g)\\rightarrow3CO_2(g)+2Fe(s)$. Which of the following is correct?', '[\"$dH=dE+3RT$\", \"$dH=dE+RT$\", \"$dH=dE$\", \"$dH=dE-RT$\"]', 2, 'medium', 'The relationship is $\\Delta H = \\Delta E + \\Delta n_g RT$. Here, $\\Delta n_g$ is the change in the number of moles of gas. $\\Delta n_g = (	ext{moles of gaseous products}) - (	ext{moles of gaseous reactants}) = 3 - 3 = 0$. Therefore, $\\Delta H = \\Delta E$.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22858, 510, 'What will be the pH of the $10^{-8}$ M HCl solution?', '[\"8.0\", \"7.0\", \"6.98\", \"5.98\"]', 2, 'medium', 'For very dilute strong acid solutions, the H+ from the autoionization of water must be considered. Total $[H^+] = 10^{-8} (	ext{from HCl}) + 10^{-7} (	ext{from water}) = 1.1 \\times 10^{-7}$ M. The pH = -log($1.1 \\times 10^{-7}$) ≈ 6.98.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22859, 510, 'The rate of the $1^{st}$ order reaction is $1.5\\times10^{-2}$mol/l/min at 0.05M concentration of reactant The half life of the reaction is:', '[\"7.53 min\", \"0.383 min\", \"23.1 min\", \"8.73min\"]', 2, 'medium', 'For a first-order reaction, Rate = k[A]. So, $k = 	ext{Rate}/[A] = (1.5 \\times 10^{-2}) / 0.05 = 0.3 	ext{ min}^{-1}$. The half-life is $t_{1/2} = 0.693/k = 0.693 / 0.3 = 2.31$ min. The closest option is 23.1, likely due to a typo in the rate constant.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22860, 511, 'Electrode potential of the $Zn^{2+}/Zn$ is -0.76 and that of the $Cu^{2+}/Cu$ is +0.34V. The emf of the cell constructed between these two electrodes is:', '[\"1.10v\", \"0.42v\", \"-1.1v\", \"-0.42v\"]', 0, 'medium', 'The cell EMF is calculated as $E_{cell} = E_{cathode} - E_{anode}$. Copper has a higher reduction potential, so it will be the cathode. $E_{cell} = 0.34V - (-0.76V) = 1.10V$.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22861, 510, 'Ionization energy decreases down the group due to:', '[\"Increase in charge\", \"Increase in atomic size\", \"Decrease in atomic size\", \"Decrease in shielding effect\"]', 1, 'medium', 'As you move down a group in the periodic table, the atomic size increases. The outermost electrons are further from the nucleus and are shielded by more inner electron shells, making them easier to remove, thus decreasing ionization energy.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22862, 511, 'Pyrolusite is an ore of:', '[\"Sulphide ore\", \"Carbide ore\", \"Oxide ore\", \"not an ore\"]', 2, 'medium', 'Pyrolusite is the principal ore of manganese, and its chemical formula is $MnO_2$. It is a manganese oxide ore.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22863, 511, 'Several blocks of magnesium are fixed to the bottom of a ship due to:', '[\"Keep away the shark\", \"make the ship lighter\", \"prevent the action of salt and water\", \"make the ship attractive\"]', 2, 'medium', 'This is an example of cathodic protection. Magnesium is more reactive than the iron/steel of the ship\'s hull. It acts as a sacrificial anode, corroding preferentially and thus protecting the ship from rusting.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22864, 511, 'Which of the following is pyrophosphoric acid?', '[\"$H_3PO_4$\", \"$HPO_3$\", \"$H_4P_2O_7$\", \"$H_3P_2O_7$\"]', 2, 'medium', 'Pyrophosphoric acid is formed by heating orthophosphoric acid, which results in the condensation of two molecules to form $H_4P_2O_7$.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22865, 511, 'In the Nessler\'s reagent, the ion is', '[\"Hg\", \"$Hg^{2+}$\", \"${HgI_2}^{2-}$\", \"${HgI_4}^{2-}$\"]', 3, 'medium', 'Nessler\'s reagent is an alkaline solution of potassium tetraiodomercurate(II), $K_2[HgI_4]$. The active ion is the tetraiodomercurate(II) complex ion, $[HgI_4]^{2-}$.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22866, 511, 'Turnbull\'s blue is:', '[\"ferricyanide\", \"ferrous ferri cyanide\", \"ferrous cynide\", \"ferriferrocyanide\"]', 1, 'medium', 'Turnbull\'s blue is historically known as ferrous ferricyanide, formed by the reaction of $Fe^{2+}$ ions with ferricyanide $[Fe(CN)_6]^{3-}$ ions.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22867, 512, 'Vinyl carbinol is', '[\"$HO-CH_2-CH=CH_2$\", \"$CH_3-CH=CH-OH$\", \"$CH_3C(OH)=CH_2$\", \"$CH_3-C(CH_2OH)=CH_2$\"]', 0, 'medium', 'The vinyl group is $-CH=CH_2$. Carbinol refers to a methanol-derived structure. Vinyl carbinol is another name for allyl alcohol, which has the structure $CH_2=CHCH_2OH$.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22868, 512, 'Removable of the hydrogen atom as a proton is easier when it is attached to:', '[\"$1^{\\circ}$ carbon\", \"$2^{\\circ}$ carbon\", \"$3^{\\circ}$ carbon\", \"no difference\"]', 0, 'medium', 'This question is likely asking about acidity of alcohols. Primary alcohols are the most acidic (easiest to remove H+) because the resulting alkoxide ion is least destabilized by electron-donating alkyl groups.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22869, 512, 'Which of the following pairs have the same bond angle?', '[\"Ethane and ethylene\", \"Ethylene and acetylene\", \"Ethylene and Benzene\", \"Acetylene and benzene\"]', 2, 'medium', 'In ethylene ($C_2H_4$) and benzene ($C_6H_6$), all carbon atoms are $sp^2$ hybridized, leading to a trigonal planar geometry with bond angles of approximately 120°.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22870, 512, 'Which of the following is not used in friedalcraft\'s reaction', '[\"Phenyl acetanilide\", \"Bromobenzene\", \"Benzene\", \"Chlorobenzene\"]', 0, 'medium', 'The Friedel-Crafts reaction involves an electrophilic attack on an aromatic ring. Acetanilide has a deactivated ring due to the electron-withdrawing nature of the acetylamino group, making it unreactive in this reaction.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22871, 512, 'phenol is more acidic than the ethanol due to:', '[\"Inductive effect\", \"Resonance effect\", \"Hydrogen bonding\", \"Hybridisation\"]', 1, 'medium', 'The acidity of phenol is due to the resonance stabilization of the phenoxide ion formed after losing a proton. The negative charge is delocalized over the benzene ring, making the conjugate base more stable.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22872, 512, 'The haloform test is not given by:', '[\"Formaldehyde\", \"Acetaldehyde\", \"Acetone\", \"a-phenyl methyl alcohol\"]', 0, 'medium', 'The haloform reaction requires a methyl ketone group ($CH_3-CO-$) or a group that can be oxidized to it. Formaldehyde (HCHO) does not have this structure.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22873, 512, 'Formaldehyde and formic acid can be distinguished by using:', '[\"Tollen\'s reagent\", \"fehlings solution\", \"Ferric chloride\", \"Sodium carbonate\"]', 3, 'medium', 'Both formaldehyde and formic acid give positive tests with Tollens\' and Fehling\'s reagents. However, formic acid, being an acid, will react with sodium carbonate to produce carbon dioxide effervescence, while formaldehyde will not.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22874, 512, 'Piperidin is:', '[\"Homocyclic compound\", \"Heterocyclic aromatic compound\", \"Heterocyclic alicyclic compound\", \"Acyclic compound\"]', 2, 'medium', 'Piperidine is a six-membered heterocyclic ring containing one nitrogen atom. It is saturated (no double bonds in the ring), making it alicyclic, not aromatic.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22875, 512, 'Polymer of pro-2-ene nitrile is called as:', '[\"saran\", \"Orlon\", \"Dacron\", \"Teflon\"]', 1, 'medium', 'Prop-2-enenitrile is another name for acrylonitrile. The polymer of acrylonitrile is polyacrylonitrile, which is commercially known as Orlon.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22876, 510, 'The presence of 3 unpaired electrons in nitrogen atom can be explained by', '[\"Pauli\'s Exclusion Principle\", \"Aufbau Principle\", \"Uncertainty Principle\", \"Hund\'s Rule\"]', 3, 'medium', 'Hund\'s Rule of Maximum Multiplicity states that electrons will fill degenerate orbitals singly before pairing up. This explains why the three p-orbitals in nitrogen are each occupied by one electron.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22877, 510, 'By passing a 0.50A current to an aqueous solution half gram of an element is liberated. The time of passing the current in seconds is (eq. wt. = 96.5)', '[\"100s\", \"500s\", \"1000s\", \"2000s\"]', 2, 'medium', 'Using Faraday\'s first law of electrolysis, $W = ZIt = (E/F)It$. Rearranging for time, $t = (W \\times F) / (E \\times I) = (0.5g \\times 96500 C/eq) / (96.5 g/eq \\times 0.50 A) = 1000$ s.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22878, 511, 'Electricity can be passed through molten lead (II) bromide because of the presence of', '[\"Free Electron\", \"Moveable Ions\", \"Moveable atoms\", \"Lead in molten state\"]', 1, 'medium', 'Molten ionic compounds like lead(II) bromide conduct electricity because the ions ($Pb^{2+}$ and $Br^-$) are free to move and carry charge, unlike in the solid state where they are fixed in a lattice.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22879, 511, 'While moving from left to right in a periodic table which of the following variable decreases?', '[\"Electron Affinity\", \"Ionization Potential\", \"Atomic Radius\", \"Electronegativity\"]', 2, 'medium', 'Moving from left to right across a period, the effective nuclear charge increases, pulling the electron shells closer to the nucleus. This causes the atomic radius to decrease.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22880, 512, 'Which of the following cannot be synthesized by Wurtz reaction?', '[\"Ethane\", \"Butane\", \"Hexane\", \"Methane\"]', 3, 'medium', 'The Wurtz reaction involves coupling two alkyl halides to form a new alkane. Since it requires joining two alkyl groups, it\'s not possible to synthesize methane ($CH_4$), which has only one carbon atom.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22881, 511, 'Catenation is a property shown by', '[\"Carbon\", \"Nitrogen\", \"Sulphur\", \"Bromine\"]', 0, 'medium', 'Catenation is the ability of an atom to form covalent bonds with other atoms of the same element to form chains and rings. Carbon exhibits this property to the greatest extent.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22882, 511, 'The statement \" The physical and chemical property of elements are periodic function of their atomic wt.\", is the statement of', '[\"Heisenberg\'s Principle\", \"Modern Periodic Law\", \"Mendellev\'s Periodic law\", \"Hund\'s Rule\"]', 2, 'medium', 'Mendeleev\'s Periodic Law states that the properties of elements are a periodic function of their atomic weights. The Modern Periodic Law is based on atomic number.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22883, 512, 'Ethanol is an isomer of', '[\"Ethanal\", \"Propanone\", \"Methoxy-methane\", \"Methyl-ethanoate\"]', 2, 'medium', 'Ethanol ($CH_3CH_2OH$) and methoxymethane (dimethyl ether, $CH_3OCH_3$) are functional isomers, as they have the same molecular formula ($C_2H_6O$) but different functional groups.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22884, 512, 'When Nitrobenzene is reduced under alkaline condition using zinc and NaOH, the final product obtained is,', '[\"Phenyl hydroxylamine\", \"Nitrosobenzene\", \"Aniline\", \"Hydrazobenzene\"]', 3, 'medium', 'The reduction of nitrobenzene with zinc dust and an alkali (NaOH) is a bimolecular reduction that results in the formation of hydrazobenzene.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22885, 512, 'Which of the following alcohol is most reactive towards Lucas Reagent?', '[\"Primary\", \"Secondary\", \"Tertiary\", \"None\"]', 2, 'medium', 'The Lucas test involves the formation of a carbocation intermediate. Tertiary alcohols react fastest because they form the most stable tertiary carbocation, leading to immediate turbidity.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22886, 510, 'Volume occupied by 1.008 mg of hydrogen at STP is', '[\"22.4cc\", \"11.2cc\", \"22.4L\", \"None\"]', 1, 'medium', 'Moles of $H_2 = (1.008 \\times 10^{-3} g) / (2.016 g/mol) = 5 \\times 10^{-4}$ mol. At STP, 1 mole occupies 22400 cc. Volume = $(5 \\times 10^{-4} mol) \\times (22400 cc/mol) = 11.2$ cc.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22887, 510, 'One Faraday of electricity is equivalent to', '[\"$1.602\\times10^{-19}$ Columbs\", \"96500 Columbs\", \"95.5 Columbs\", \"22400 Columbs\"]', 1, 'medium', 'One Faraday is the magnitude of electric charge per mole of electrons, which is approximately 96,500 Coulombs.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22888, 511, 'Caustic Soda can be manufactured by', '[\"Solvay-Ammonia Process\", \"Caster-Kellner Process\", \"Downs Process\", \"Cyanide Process\"]', 1, 'medium', 'The Castner-Kellner process is an industrial method for producing sodium hydroxide (caustic soda) by electrolysis of a brine solution using a mercury cathode.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22889, 510, 'The rate at which a substance reacts depends upon its', '[\"At. Wt.\", \"Eq. Wt.\", \"Mol. Wt.\", \"Active Mass\"]', 3, 'medium', 'According to the law of mass action, the rate of a chemical reaction is directly proportional to the product of the active masses (molar concentrations) of the reactants.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22890, 510, 'Why is precipitate of AgCl obtained when a drop of $AgNO_3$ is added in aq. NaCl solution?', '[\"Ionic product of $AgCl>$ Solubility product\", \"Ionic product of $AgCl<$ Solubility product\", \"Ionic product of $AgCl=$ Solubility product\", \"Ionic product of $AgCl \\ne$ Solubility product\"]', 0, 'medium', 'Precipitation occurs when the ionic product (Qsp) of the constituent ions in the solution exceeds the solubility product constant (Ksp) of the salt.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22891, 512, 'The compound that undergoes Cannizaro\'s Reaction is', '[\"Ethanoic Acid\", \"Propanal\", \"Formaldehyde\", \"Metoxymethane\"]', 2, 'medium', 'The Cannizzaro reaction is characteristic of aldehydes that have no α-hydrogens. Formaldehyde (HCHO) fits this description.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22892, 511, 'Which of the following is not an amphoteric oxide?', '[\"PbO\", \"ZnO\", \"MgO\", \"SnO\"]', 2, 'medium', 'Amphoteric oxides can react with both acids and bases. MgO is a basic oxide; it reacts with acids but not with bases. PbO, ZnO, and SnO are all amphoteric.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22893, 510, 'Which of the following molecule would the VSEPR theory predict a pyramidal geometry?', '[\"BeF2\", \"CH4\", \"NH3\", \"BF3\"]', 2, 'medium', 'In ammonia ($NH_3$), the central nitrogen atom has three bonding pairs and one lone pair of electrons. The VSEPR theory predicts a trigonal pyramidal geometry due to the repulsion from the lone pair.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22894, 510, 'The molarity of a solution obtained by mixing 50ml of 24N sulphuric acid with 50ml of water is', '[\"12M\", \"18M\", \"6M\", \"9M\"]', 2, 'medium', 'For $H_2SO_4$, Normality = 2 × Molarity. So, initial Molarity = 24N/2 = 12M. Using dilution formula $M_1V_1 = M_2V_2$. $(12M)(50ml) = M_2(100ml)$. So, $M_2 = 6M$.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22895, 511, 'In the chemical reaction $P+KOH+H_2O \\rightarrow 3NaH_2PO_2+PH_3$', '[\"P is oxidized\", \"P is reduced\", \"P is oxidized and reduced\", \"None of these\"]', 2, 'medium', 'This is a disproportionation reaction. The oxidation state of elemental phosphorus (P) is 0. In $NaH_2PO_2$, P is +1 (oxidized). In phosphine ($PH_3$), P is -3 (reduced). Thus, phosphorus is both oxidized and reduced.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22896, 511, 'Diamond is hard because', '[\"It is crystalline allotrope of carbon\", \"It is a giant molecule\", \"All the valence electrons of C atoms are involved in bonding\", \"It has high value of refractive index.\"]', 2, 'medium', 'The hardness of diamond is due to its rigid, three-dimensional network structure where each carbon atom is covalently bonded to four other carbon atoms, involving all its valence electrons.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22897, 511, 'Element with atomic no. 19 belongs to which block of periodic table?', '[\"s\", \"d\", \"p\", \"f\"]', 0, 'medium', 'The element with atomic number 19 is Potassium (K). Its electron configuration is $1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^1$. The last electron enters the s-orbital, so it belongs to the s-block.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22898, 512, 'Acetone on warming with iodine and base gives _____ as major product.', '[\"Methanol\", \"Ethanal\", \"Iodoform\", \"Acetaldehyde\"]', 2, 'medium', 'This is the iodoform reaction. Acetone, a methyl ketone, reacts with iodine in the presence of a base to form iodoform ($CHI_3$), a yellow solid precipitate.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22899, 511, 'Substance that react with infusible impurities present in an ore to form fusible mass is called', '[\"Catalyst\", \"Gaungue\", \"Slag\", \"Flux\"]', 3, 'medium', 'A flux is a substance added to a furnace to react with the gangue (impurities) to form a molten, fusible mass called slag, which can be easily separated.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22900, 512, 'Which of the following is an insecticide?', '[\"DDT\", \"TNT\", \"TNB\", \"Aspirin\"]', 0, 'medium', 'DDT (Dichloro-Diphenyl-Trichloroethane) is a well-known synthetic insecticide.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22901, 1660, 'Algae with photosynthetic pigments posses nutrition:', '[\"Holozoic\", \"Saprophytic\", \"Holophytic\", \"parasitic\"]', 2, 'medium', 'Holophytic nutrition is a mode of autotrophic nutrition where organisms, like algae, synthesize their own food using light energy through photosynthesis.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22902, 1660, 'Viroid causes:', '[\"Cauliflower mosaic flower\", \"potato spindle mosaic\", \"Tobacco mosaic\", \"Tulip yellow mosaic\"]', 1, 'medium', 'Potato spindle tuber disease is caused by the Potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd), an infectious agent consisting of a short strand of circular, single-stranded RNA.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22903, 1660, 'Meiosis takes place in chlamydomonas in:', '[\"Zygospore\", \"zoospore\", \"Hypnospore\", \"Aplanospore\"]', 0, 'medium', 'In Chlamydomonas, meiosis occurs during the germination of the diploid zygospore to produce haploid zoospores.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22904, 1660, 'Coralloid root of the cycas posses a symbiotic algae:', '[\"Aulosira\", \"Spirogyra\", \"Ulothrix\", \"Anabaena\"]', 3, 'medium', 'The coralloid roots of Cycas contain a symbiotic zone with nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria, most commonly Anabaena or Nostoc.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22905, 1660, 'In pteridophytes phloem is without:', '[\"phloem fibers\", \"Companion cell\", \"Sieve tube\", \"All\"]', 1, 'medium', 'The phloem of pteridophytes is considered more primitive and lacks both sieve tubes and companion cells, having sieve cells instead.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22906, 1660, 'Dionaea is:', '[\"Bladderwort\", \"Pitcher plant\", \"butter wort\", \"Venous fly trap\"]', 3, 'medium', 'Dionaea muscipula is the scientific name for the Venus flytrap, a carnivorous plant known for its trapping structure formed from leaves.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22907, 1618, 'Climbing root can be traced in:', '[\"carica\", \"Benda\", \"pongamia\", \"Vanilla\"]', 3, 'medium', 'Vanilla is an orchid that exhibits climbing roots, which are adventitious roots that help the plant to attach itself to a support and climb.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22908, 1660, 'The placenta is swollen and fleshy in:', '[\"Solanaceae\", \"Cucurbitaceae\", \"Compositae\", \"Liliaceae\"]', 0, 'medium', 'In the family Solanaceae, the ovary typically has axile placentation with a swollen placenta to which numerous ovules are attached.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22909, 1618, 'Upper and lower epidermis can be traced in the stem of:', '[\"Monocot\", \"dicot\", \"pteridophyte\", \"phylloclade\"]', 3, 'medium', 'A phylloclade is a modified, flattened stem that is leaf-like in appearance and function. As such, it possesses an upper and lower epidermis similar to a leaf.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22910, 1618, 'Which is the measure of the free energy:', '[\"DPD\", \"osmotic pressure\", \"Water potential\", \"None\"]', 2, 'medium', 'Water potential (Ψ) is a measure of the potential energy of water per unit volume relative to pure water. It quantifies the tendency of water to move from one area to another.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22911, 1662, 'The mineral required for the phosphorylation reaction is:', '[\"Nitrogen\", \"Zinc\", \"Magnesium\", \"Maganese\"]', 3, 'medium', 'Manganese (Mn) acts as an activator for many enzymes involved in photosynthesis and respiration, including those involved in phosphorylation reactions. Phosphorus is also key, but not an option.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22912, 1622, 'Which of the following is also known as \"store house of RNA\"?', '[\"Nucleus\", \"Chromosome\", \"Centrosome\", \"Nucleolus\"]', 3, 'medium', 'The nucleolus, a dense structure within the nucleus, is the primary site of ribosome synthesis and assembly, and thus contains a high concentration of ribosomal RNA (rRNA).', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22913, 1622, 'At what point does the chromosome attach to the chromosome during the cell division?', '[\"Kinetochore\", \"Chromonema\", \"Centrosome\", \"Centromere\"]', 3, 'medium', 'Sister chromatids are joined at a constricted region called the centromere. The kinetochore is the protein structure on the centromere where spindle fibers attach.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22914, 1622, 'The DNA segments causing illegitimate recombination are called as:', '[\"Retroposons\", \"Transposons\", \"Pseudogenes\", \"split gene\"]', 1, 'medium', 'Transposons, or \"jumping genes,\" are DNA sequences that can change their position within a genome, sometimes causing mutations and altering the cell\'s genetic identity and genome size.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22915, 1662, 'The endosperm of angiosperm is developed from:', '[\"Zygote\", \"Antipodal\", \"Synergids\", \"Secondary nucleus\"]', 3, 'medium', 'In angiosperms, the endosperm is formed when one of the male gametes fuses with the diploid secondary nucleus (or central cell) in a process called double fertilization, resulting in a triploid (3n) tissue.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22916, 1662, 'The point of attachment of the ovule to funicle is called as:', '[\"Raphae\", \"Chalaza\", \"Micropyle\", \"Hilum\"]', 3, 'medium', 'The hilum is the scar on a seed or ovule that marks the point where it was attached to the funiculus (ovary wall).', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22917, 1660, 'Most resistance biological substance is:', '[\"Lignin\", \"Cellulose\", \"Suberin\", \"sporopollenin\"]', 3, 'medium', 'Sporopollenin is a major component of the tough outer walls (exines) of plant spores and pollen grains. It is exceptionally resistant to chemical and biological degradation.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22918, 1661, 'Gas being produced by paddy fields and involve in global warming is:', '[\"Chlorine\", \"Methane\", \"CO2\", \"$H_2S$\"]', 1, 'medium', 'The anaerobic conditions in flooded paddy fields lead to the decomposition of organic matter by methanogenic bacteria, which produce and release large amounts of methane ($CH_4$), a potent greenhouse gas.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22919, 1662, 'First hormone produced artificially by culturing bacteria is:', '[\"Thyroxin\", \"Insulin\", \"Adrenalin\", \"Testosterone\"]', 1, 'medium', 'Human insulin was the first human protein to be produced commercially using recombinant DNA technology in bacteria (E. coli), a landmark achievement in biotechnology.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22920, 1601, 'Transplant between animals of same species is:', '[\"Allograft\", \"Xenograft\", \"Homograft\", \"Autograft\"]', 0, 'medium', 'An allograft (or homograft) is a transplant of tissue or an organ from one individual to another individual of the same species.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22921, 1650, 'The study of the acquired character of the plant and animal is called as:', '[\"genetics\", \"eugenics\", \"evolution\", \"ctetology\"]', 2, 'medium', 'The study of acquired characteristics and their (disproven) inheritance was a key part of Lamarck\'s theory of evolution. The broader study of change over time is evolution.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22922, 1651, 'Cell aggregate body plane is exhibited by:', '[\"sponges\", \"Cnidarians\", \"Flatworm\", \"roundworm\"]', 0, 'medium', 'Sponges (Phylum Porifera) have a cellular level of organization, where cells are aggregated into a loose body plan without forming true tissues or organs.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22923, 1653, 'The pathogenic form of the plasmodium is:', '[\"Merozoites\", \"Metacryptomerozoites\", \"Cryptozoites\", \"sporozoites\"]', 0, 'medium', 'Merozoites are the stage of the Plasmodium life cycle that invade red blood cells, multiply, and cause the symptoms of malaria, making them the pathogenic form in the blood stage.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22924, 1651, 'When does exchange of genetic material takes place in paramecium?', '[\"Conjugation\", \"Binary fission\", \"encystment\", \"Endomixis\"]', 0, 'medium', 'Conjugation is the form of sexual reproduction in Paramecium where two individuals temporarily fuse and exchange micronuclear genetic material.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22925, 1660, 'Poliovirus is a', '[\"DNA Virus\", \"Virus\", \"Coliphase\", \"RNA virus\"]', 3, 'medium', 'Poliovirus is a member of the enterovirus group and possesses a single-stranded positive-sense RNA genome.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22926, 1660, 'Systema Naturae and Species Plantarum were the books published by:', '[\"John Ray\", \"Theoprastus\", \"Aristotle\", \"Carolus Linneaus\"]', 3, 'medium', 'Carolus Linnaeus published \"Systema Naturae,\" which laid the foundations for the modern scheme of binomial nomenclature, and \"Species Plantarum,\" which applied it to plants.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22927, 1661, 'Which of the following refers to edaphic factor?', '[\"Soil\", \"Temperature\", \"Water\", \"Light\"]', 0, 'medium', 'Edaphic factors are those relating to the physical and chemical properties of soil, such as its texture, structure, and composition.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22928, 1661, 'Lichens are biologically important because they', '[\"are associated with mycorrhizal roots.\", \"are associated with algae in fungi.\", \"are earlier settlers of barren rocks.\", \"can grow on polluted areas.\"]', 2, 'medium', 'Lichens are pioneer species that can colonize bare rock surfaces, initiating the process of soil formation and ecological succession.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22929, 1618, 'Vascular bundles in monocot stem are', '[\"Open\", \"Closed\", \"Radial\", \"Amphivasal\"]', 1, 'medium', 'Monocot stems are characterized by scattered vascular bundles that are \"closed,\" meaning they lack a vascular cambium and cannot undergo secondary growth.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22930, 1662, 'Winged Pollens are found in', '[\"Rose\", \"Ferns\", \"Pines\", \"Eucalyptus\"]', 2, 'medium', 'The pollen grains of pines (Pinus) are equipped with two wing-like structures (sacci) that increase their buoyancy and aid in wind dispersal.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22931, 1662, 'Pollen tube develops from', '[\"Exine\", \"Intine\", \"Pollen\", \"Chalaza\"]', 1, 'medium', 'The pollen tube emerges from the pollen grain through a germ pore in the outer exine, but it is an extension of the inner layer, the intine.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22932, 1618, 'Bioassay for auxin is done with', '[\"Avena curvature test\", \"Seed Dormancy Test\", \"Green leaf test\", \"Dwarf Maize Test\"]', 0, 'medium', 'The Avena curvature test is the classic bioassay for auxins, where the degree of curvature of an oat coleoptile is measured in response to the hormone.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22933, 1618, 'Among the following which is a C₄ plant?', '[\"Papaya\", \"Tobacco\", \"Maize\", \"Pea\"]', 2, 'medium', 'Maize (corn) is a classic example of a C₄ plant, which uses a more efficient carbon fixation pathway adapted to hot, dry climates.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22934, 1622, 'The back cross is', '[\"Cross between $F_1$ individual and $F_2$ individual.\", \"Cross between $F_1$ individual and $F_1$ individual.\", \"Cross between $F_1$ individual and one of the parents.\", \"Cross between F2 individual and one of the parents.\"]', 2, 'medium', 'A backcross is a genetic cross between a hybrid offspring (F1 generation) and one of its parents or an individual genetically identical to one of its parents.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22935, 1622, 'Which of the following bases is purine?', '[\"Thymine\", \"Uracil\", \"Cytosine\", \"Adenine\"]', 3, 'medium', 'The purine bases in nucleic acids are adenine (A) and guanine (G). Thymine, cytosine, and uracil are pyrimidines.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22936, 1660, 'Which of the following has stomata?', '[\"Spores\", \"Foot\", \"Capsule\", \"Apophysis\"]', 3, 'medium', 'In mosses like Funaria, the apophysis is the sterile basal part of the capsule that is photosynthetic and contains stomata for gas exchange.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22937, 1618, 'Glycolysis is process in which glucose is degraded into', '[\"2 carbon sugar in absence of oxygen\", \"3 carbon sugar in the absence of oxygen\", \"3 carbon sugar in the presence of oxygen\", \"4 carbon sugar in the presence of oxygen\"]', 1, 'medium', 'Glycolysis is the metabolic pathway that converts one molecule of glucose (a 6-carbon sugar) into two molecules of pyruvate (a 3-carbon compound). It does not require oxygen.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22938, 1618, 'Arenchyma is found in', '[\"Xerophytes\", \"Hydrophytes\", \"Lithophytes\", \"Halophytes\"]', 1, 'medium', 'Aerenchyma is a spongy tissue with large air spaces found in the stems and roots of aquatic plants (hydrophytes), providing buoyancy and allowing for gas exchange.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22939, 1622, 'Two cells formed during mitosis contains', '[\"Same amount of DNA and same set of chromosome as those of parent cells.\", \"Same amount of DNA and different set of chromosome as those of parent cells.\", \"Half amount of DNA and same set of chromosome as those of parent cells.\", \"Double amount of DNA and same set of chromosome as those of parent cells.\"]', 2, 'medium', 'Prior to mitosis, DNA replicates (S phase). The parent cell has double the DNA. After mitosis, the two daughter cells are genetically identical to the parent cell, but each has half the amount of DNA as the parent cell just before division.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22940, 1662, 'The type of placentation seen in Argemone is', '[\"Basal\", \"Axile\", \"Parietal\", \"Free-central\"]', 2, 'medium', 'Argemone (prickly poppy) belongs to the family Papaveraceae, which is characterized by a unilocular ovary with parietal placentation.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22941, 1615, 'Which layer is not found in the body wall of the earthworm?', '[\"peritoneum\", \"cuticle\", \"Epineurium\", \"Epidermis\"]', 2, 'medium', 'The epineurium is the outermost layer of connective tissue surrounding a peripheral nerve. It is not part of the earthworm\'s body wall, which consists of cuticle, epidermis, muscle layers, and peritoneum.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22942, 1616, 'Which of the following is not a median part in the brain cavity of frog:', '[\"Iter\", \"Diocoel\", \"Metacoel\", \"optocoel\"]', 3, 'medium', 'The optocoels are the paired cavities of the optic lobes in the frog\'s brain, making them lateral, not median, structures.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22943, 1601, 'Glands of Zeis are modified:', '[\"Sweat gland\", \"mucous gland\", \"Sudoriferous gland\", \"sebaeceous gland\"]', 3, 'medium', 'The glands of Zeis are modified sebaceous glands located at the margin of the eyelid that secrete an oily substance to lubricate the eyelashes.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22944, 1604, 'The blood protein which maintains the normal blood pressure is:', '[\"haemoglobin\", \"Fibrinogen\", \"albumin\", \"Heparin\"]', 2, 'medium', 'Albumin is the most abundant plasma protein and is primarily responsible for maintaining the colloid osmotic pressure of the blood, which is crucial for regulating blood volume and pressure.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22945, 1616, 'pylangium and synangium are the parts of:', '[\"Auricles\", \"Ventricles\", \"Sinus venosus\", \"Truncus arteriosus\"]', 3, 'medium', 'In the frog heart, the truncus arteriosus is divided into a proximal pylangium and a distal synangium, which direct blood flow to the systemic and pulmocutaneous arches.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22946, 1608, 'Retinal cell involve in the colour vision are:', '[\"Cones\", \"Rodes\", \"Neurons\", \"Neuroglial cell\"]', 0, 'medium', 'Cone cells are photoreceptor cells in the retina of the eye that are responsible for color vision and function best in relatively bright light.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22947, 1611, 'Salk vaccine is used to protect from:', '[\"TB\", \"Mumps\", \"Typhoid\", \"Polio\"]', 3, 'medium', 'The Salk vaccine, or inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV), was developed by Jonas Salk and is used to immunize against poliomyelitis (polio).', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22948, 1651, 'The vertebral formula of rabbit is:', '[\"$C_7T_{12}L_7S_3Cd_{15}$\", \"$C_7T_{13}L_5S_4Cd_{16}$\", \"$C_7T_{12}L_6S_4Cd_{16}$\", \"$C_7T_{13}L_7S_4Cd_{12}$\"]', 2, 'medium', 'The typical vertebral formula for a rabbit is C₇T₁₂L₆S₄Cd₁₆, representing 7 cervical, 12 thoracic, 6 lumbar, 4 sacral, and 16 caudal vertebrae.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22949, 1600, 'Which of the following process is not a part of pectoral girdle:', '[\"Acromian\", \"Coracoid\", \"Olecranon\", \"Metacromian\"]', 2, 'medium', 'The olecranon is a process on the ulna bone of the forearm, not part of the pectoral (shoulder) girdle.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22950, 1609, 'The hormones of hypothalamus acts on:', '[\"Gonads\", \"Thyroid\", \"pituitary\", \"Adrenal cortex\"]', 2, 'medium', 'The hypothalamus produces releasing and inhibiting hormones that travel to the anterior pituitary gland to control the secretion of its hormones.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22951, 1601, 'Sarcolemma is found over:', '[\"Marrow cavity\", \"Skeletal muscle\", \"Nerve fiber\", \"Areolar tissue\"]', 1, 'medium', 'The sarcolemma is the specialized cell membrane that surrounds a skeletal muscle fiber cell.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22952, 1652, 'Animal training in which behaviour is \"shaped\" by rewarding or punishing act,is an example of :', '[\"pavlovian conditioning\", \"operant conditioning\", \"Nonassociative learning\", \"none\"]', 1, 'medium', 'Operant conditioning is a method of learning that employs rewards and punishments for behavior. An association is made between a behavior and a consequence for that behavior.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22953, 1652, 'In the vertebrates the limbs are pentadactyl but reduces to one or two and digits end in hoof is, which types of adaptation?', '[\"desert\", \"Cursorial\", \"aerial\", \"arboreal\"]', 1, 'medium', 'Cursorial adaptation is adaptation for running. This includes the reduction in the number of digits and the development of hooves, as seen in animals like horses.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22954, 1650, 'The most important theory of general biology was proposed by:', '[\"Mendal and morgan\", \"Darwin and Wallace\", \"Watson and crick\", \"Beadle and tatum\"]', 1, 'medium', 'The theory of evolution by natural selection, independently proposed by Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace, is a cornerstone of modern biology.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22955, 1650, 'In homo, \"Habilis\" refers to:', '[\"ancient man\", \"modern man\", \"tool maker\", \"wandering species\"]', 2, 'medium', 'Homo habilis is nicknamed \"handy man\" because it is thought to be the first hominin species to create and use stone tools.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22956, 1610, 'Cytoplasm of ovum does not contain:', '[\"Golgi complex\", \"centrosomes\", \"Mitochondria\", \"Ribosomes\"]', 1, 'medium', 'The mature ovum (egg cell) lacks centrosomes. The sperm provides the centrosome during fertilization, which is necessary for forming the spindle apparatus for the first cleavage.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22957, 1616, 'Which layer of the frog\'s skin contains poisonous gland?', '[\"Stratum corneum\", \"stratum germinativam\", \"stratum compactum\", \"stratum spongiosum\"]', 3, 'medium', 'The dermis of a frog\'s skin contains two layers: the outer stratum spongiosum which houses mucous and poison glands, and the inner stratum compactum.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22958, 1604, 'The protein involved in production of antibody is:', '[\"globulin\", \"albumin\", \"fibrinogen\", \"prothrombin\"]', 0, 'medium', 'Antibodies are a type of protein known as immunoglobulins, which belong to the globulin class of plasma proteins.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22959, 1604, 'Increase in total RBCs count is called as:', '[\"polycytopenia\", \"polycythemia\", \"Haemolysis\", \"Leukemia\"]', 1, 'medium', 'Polycythemia is a condition characterized by an abnormally high concentration of red blood cells (erythrocytes) in the blood.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22960, 1606, 'Which of the following is found in diencephalon:', '[\"Hypothalamus\", \"Basal ganglia\", \"Cerebral cortex\", \"olfactory lobe\"]', 0, 'medium', 'The diencephalon is a region of the forebrain that contains structures such as the thalamus, hypothalamus, and epithalamus.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22961, 1602, 'Which of the following is absent in small intestine of rabbit:', '[\"Brunner\'s gland\", \"Villi\", \"Crypt\'s of liberkuhn\", \"Ampulla of vater\"]', 3, 'medium', 'The Ampulla of Vater is the structure where the pancreatic duct and common bile duct unite, found in humans but not in rabbits.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22962, 1600, 'Joints between sternum and ribs is;', '[\"Cartilagenous\", \"Angular joint\", \"Fibrous joint\", \"glidding joint\"]', 0, 'medium', 'The joints between the ribs and the sternum (sternocostal joints) are primarily cartilaginous joints, allowing for slight movement during breathing.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22963, 1611, 'L.D body test is associated with:', '[\"Malaria\", \"Giardiasis\", \"Kala-zar\", \"Cholera\"]', 2, 'medium', 'The diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis (Kala-azar) can be made by identifying Leishman-Donovan (L.D.) bodies in tissue samples.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22964, 1609, 'Hypo secretion of Thyroid in children causes:', '[\"Myxoedema\", \"Cretinism\", \"Grave\'s disease\", \"Ex-opthalmic goiter\"]', 1, 'medium', 'Cretinism is a condition of severely stunted physical and mental growth due to untreated congenital deficiency of thyroid hormones (congenital hypothyroidism).', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22965, 1650, 'Speech center was first developed in:', '[\"Neaderthal man\", \"Java man\", \"Cro-magnon man\", \"Peking man\"]', 0, 'medium', 'Neanderthals had a hyoid bone similar to modern humans, suggesting they possessed the physical capacity for speech, which was likely more developed than in earlier hominins.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22966, 1616, 'Holoblastic and equal division of frog egg ends by:', '[\"first cleavage\", \"second cleavage\", \"fourth cleavage\", \"5th cleavage\"]', 1, 'medium', 'In frog eggs, the first and second cleavages are holoblastic and equal. The third cleavage is unequal, resulting in smaller micromeres and larger macromeres.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22967, 1601, 'Which is responsible for skin pigmentation?', '[\"Keratin\", \"Carotene\", \"Histochrome\", \"Melanin\"]', 3, 'medium', 'Melanin is the primary pigment that determines skin, hair, and eye color in humans and animals, providing protection against UV radiation.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22968, 1600, 'Glenoid cavity is found in', '[\"Pelvic Girdle\", \"Femur\", \"Pectoral Girdle\", \"Humerus\"]', 2, 'medium', 'The glenoid cavity is a shallow socket on the scapula (part of the pectoral girdle) that articulates with the head of the humerus to form the shoulder joint.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22969, 1651, 'Head of Taenia is called', '[\"Strobila\", \"Proglotoid\", \"Scolex\", \"Rostellum\"]', 2, 'medium', 'The scolex is the anterior end, or head, of a tapeworm, which bears suckers and hooks for attachment to the host\'s intestinal wall.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22970, 1653, 'The infective stage of Ascaris Lumbricoides is', '[\"Tetra Nucleate Cyst\", \"Rabditiform Larva\", \"Hexacanth Larva\", \"Embryonated Egg\"]', 3, 'medium', 'Infection with Ascaris lumbricoides occurs through the ingestion of soil or food contaminated with embryonated eggs containing the infective second-stage larva.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22971, 1652, 'Production of silk thread in a commercial scale is called', '[\"Apiculture\", \"Sericulture\", \"Picsiculture\", \"Lacculature\"]', 1, 'medium', 'Sericulture is the process of cultivating silkworms and harvesting the silk they produce.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22972, 1601, 'Neurons are derived from embryonic', '[\"Ectoderm\", \"Endoderm\", \"Mesoderm\", \"Blastodermic Vesicle\"]', 0, 'medium', 'The nervous system, including all neurons, is derived from the ectoderm, the outermost of the three primary germ layers in the embryo.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22973, 1604, 'The universal donor group is', '[\"A\", \"AB\", \"B\", \"O\"]', 3, 'medium', 'Individuals with blood type O are considered universal donors because their red blood cells lack A and B antigens, making them compatible with other blood types.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22974, 1606, 'Among the following cranial nerves, the facial nerves is numbered.', '[\"VI\", \"VII\", \"VIII\", \"IX\"]', 1, 'medium', 'The facial nerve is the seventh (VII) cranial nerve. It controls the muscles of facial expression and functions in the conveyance of taste sensations.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22975, 1650, 'For origin of life the most important condition is the presence of', '[\"Water\", \"Carbon\", \"Oxygen\", \"Nitrogen\"]', 0, 'medium', 'Liquid water is considered essential for the origin of life as we know it, as it acts as a solvent and facilitates the chemical reactions necessary for life.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22976, 1651, 'The common feature of Plasmodium and Paramecium is the', '[\"mode of nutrition\", \"Locomotary Organ\", \"Reproduction by fission\", \"Habit\"]', 2, 'medium', 'Both Paramecium and the Plasmodium parasite can undergo asexual reproduction through fission (binary fission in Paramecium, schizogony in Plasmodium).', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22977, 1615, 'In Pheretima Posthuma the setae are absent in', '[\"$14^{th}-16^{th}$\", \"$10^{th}-14^{th}$\", \"$2^{nd}-5^{th}$\", \"$1^{st}, last and clitellum$\"]', 3, 'medium', 'In the earthworm Pheretima posthuma, setae are absent on the first segment, the last segment, and the clitellar segments (14th, 15th, and 16th).', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22978, 1650, 'Archenteron in frog gastrula is formed by the process called', '[\"Epiboly\", \"Emboly\", \"Migration of central Micromeres\", \"Formation\"]', 1, 'medium', 'The archenteron, or primitive gut, is formed during gastrulation by the inward movement of cells (invagination or emboly) from the blastula\'s surface.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22979, 1652, 'Presence of very short tail is the adaptation of', '[\"Arboreal Animals\", \"Cursorial Animal\", \"Volant Animals\", \"Aquatic animals\"]', 1, 'medium', 'Cursorial (running) animals often have short tails for balance without creating drag. Arboreal animals typically have long tails for balance.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22980, 1650, 'A famous saying \"ontogeny repeats phylogeny\" was proposed by:', '[\"Darwin\", \"Lamarck\", \"Haeckel\", \"Morgan\"]', 2, 'medium', 'Ernst Haeckel proposed the \"biogenetic law,\" famously summarized as \"ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny,\" suggesting that an organism\'s embryonic development reflects its evolutionary history.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22981, 532, 'Complete the series: 9, 27, 31, 155, 161, 1127, ?', '[\"316\", \"1135\", \"1288\", \"2254\"]', 1, 'medium', 'The pattern is a sequence of multiplication and addition: $\\times3, +4, \\times5, +6, \\times7, +8$. The next step is $1127 + 8 = 1135$.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL);
INSERT INTO `questions` (`id`, `topic_id`, `question_text`, `options`, `correct_answer_index`, `difficulty`, `explanation`, `created_at`, `updated_at`, `marks`, `is_ai_generated`, `ai_metadata`, `user_id`, `ai_model`) VALUES
(22982, 530, 'Question: How much was the total sale of the company ? Statements: I. The company sold 8000 units of product A each costing Rs. 25. II. This company has no other product line.', '[\"I alone is sufficient\", \"II alone is sufficient\", \"Either I or II is sufficient\", \"Both I and II are sufficient\"]', 3, 'medium', 'Statement I gives the sale of product A but not the total sale. Statement II states there are no other products. Both statements together are needed to conclude that the sale of product A is the total sale.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22983, 531, 'A girl counted up to 1994 on her fingers starting with thumb=1, index=2, ... little=5, then reversing with ring=6, etc. She ended counting on which finger?', '[\"Thumb\", \"Index finger\", \"Middle finger\", \"Ring finger\"]', 1, 'medium', 'The counting pattern repeats every 8 counts (1-5 then 6-8). The thumb corresponds to counts 1, 9, 17, ... (8n+1). Since $1993 = 249 \\times 8 + 1$, the count of 1993 lands on the thumb. Therefore, the count of 1994 lands on the next finger, the index finger.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22984, 530, 'Melt: Liquid :: Freeze: ?', '[\"Ice\", \"Condense\", \"Solid\", \"Force\"]', 2, 'medium', 'The relationship is a process to its resulting state. Melting results in a liquid. Freezing results in a solid.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22985, 532, 'Which one will replace the question mark in the circle? [Numbers: 4,5,6,7,3,9,11,?]', '[\"13\", \"14\", \"12\", \"15\"]', 3, 'medium', 'The sum of the numbers in the lower half of the circle is $11+9+3+7=30$. The sum of the numbers in the upper half must be the same. So, $?+4+5+6 = 30$, which gives $?+15=30$, and $?=15$.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22986, 533, 'Boys are in three rows. A is in the middle row. P is just to the right of A. Q is just behind P. R is in the North of A. In which direction of R is Q?', '[\"South\", \"South-West\", \"North-East\", \"South-East\"]', 3, 'medium', 'R is North of A. A and P are in the same row. Q is behind (South of) P. Since P is to the right (East) of A, Q is South-East of A. As R is directly North of A, Q is also South-East of R.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22987, 533, 'Which of the following diagrams indicates the best relation between Mercury, Zinc and Metal ?', '[\"Two circles inside a larger one\", \"Three separate circles\", \"Three overlapping circles\", \"One circle inside another, third separate\"]', 0, 'medium', 'Mercury and Zinc are two distinct types of metals. Therefore, they are represented by two separate circles, both of which are contained within a larger circle representing the category \"Metal\".', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22988, 533, 'Here 4 positions of a cube are shown. Which sign will be opposite to \'+\'?', '[\"%\", \"-\", \"x\", \"$\"]', 1, 'medium', 'From figures 3 and 4, we can see that $, O, %, and + are all adjacent faces. From figure 1, x is adjacent to %. From figure 2, x is adjacent to -. Therefore, the face opposite to % must be -. The face opposite to + must be x.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22989, 530, 'A guitar always has:', '[\"band\", \"teacher\", \"songs\", \"strings\"]', 3, 'medium', 'A guitar cannot function without strings; they are an essential component. Bands, teachers, and songs are associated with a guitar but are not integral parts of the instrument itself.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22990, 530, 'Which word does NOT belong with the others?', '[\"cornea\", \"retina\", \"pupil\", \"vision\"]', 3, 'medium', 'Cornea, retina, and pupil are all physical parts of the eye. Vision is the sense or process of seeing, not a part of the eye.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22991, 530, 'From an artificial language: peslligen means basketball court, ligenstrisi means courtroom, oltaganti means placement test. Which word could mean \"guest room\"?', '[\"peslstrisi\", \"vosefstrisi\", \"gantipesl\", \"oltastrisi\"]', 1, 'medium', 'From the examples, \'ligen\' means \'court\' and \'strisi\' means \'room\'. The word order is reversed. \'vosef\' is a new word that could mean \'guest\'. Therefore, \'vosefstrisi\' could mean \'guest room\'.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22992, 532, 'Find the next term in the series: DEF, $DEF_2, DE_2F_2, D_2E_2F_2, ?$ ', '[\"$DEF_3$\", \"$D_3EF_3$\", \"$D_2E_3F$\", \"$D_2E_2F_3$\"]', 3, 'medium', 'The pattern involves adding a subscript to the letters in a cycle from right to left (F, then E, then D). The subscript value increments by one. The sequence is $D_1E_1F_1, D_1E_1F_2, D_1E_2F_2, D_2E_2F_2, D_2E_2F_3$.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22993, 531, 'The sum of the squares of three numbers is 138, while the sum of their products taken two at a time is 131. Their sum is:', '[\"20\", \"30\", \"40\", \"None of these\"]', 0, 'medium', 'Let the numbers be a, b, c. We are given $a^2+b^2+c^2 = 138$ and $ab+bc+ca=131$. Using the formula $(a+b+c)^2 = a^2+b^2+c^2 + 2(ab+bc+ca)$, we get $(a+b+c)^2 = 138 + 2(131) = 138 + 262 = 400$. Therefore, the sum $(a+b+c) = \\sqrt{400} = 20$.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22994, 531, 'The sum of three numbers is 98. If the ratio of the first to second is 2:3 and that of the second to the third is 5: 8, then the second number is:', '[\"20\", \"30\", \"48\", \"58\"]', 1, 'medium', 'Let the numbers be A, B, C. A:B = 2:3 and B:C = 5:8. To find a common ratio, we get A:B:C = (2x5):(3x5):(3x8) = 10:15:24. The sum of the parts is 10+15+24=49. The second number is $(15/49) \\times 98 = 30$.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22995, 531, 'If Rs. 782 be divided into three parts, proportional to 1/2 : 2/3 : 3/4, then the first part is:', '[\"Rs. 182\", \"Rs. 190\", \"Rs. 196\", \"Rs. 204\"]', 3, 'medium', 'The ratio is 1/2 : 2/3 : 3/4. To get integer ratios, multiply by the LCM of denominators (12). The ratio becomes 6:8:9. The sum of parts is 6+8+9=23. The first part is $(6/23) \\times 782 = 6 \\times 34 = 204$.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22996, 531, 'What will be the day of the week 15th August, 2010?', '[\"Sunday\", \"Monday\", \"Tuesday\", \"Friday\"]', 0, 'medium', 'The number of odd days up to 2009 is (1600 years=0) + (400 years=0) + (9 years = 2 leap + 7 normal = 4+7=11=4 odd days). Days in 2010 up to Aug 15: 31(J)+28(F)+31(M)+30(A)+31(M)+30(J)+31(J)+15(A) = 227 days = 3 odd days. Total odd days = 4+3=7 = 0 odd days. 0 odd days corresponds to Sunday.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22997, 533, 'Select the figure which satisfies the same conditions of placement of the dots as in Figure-X.', '[\"1\", \"2\", \"3\", \"4\"]', 3, 'medium', 'In Figure-X, the dot is located in the region common to the square and the circle only. Among the options, only Figure (4) has a distinct region that is common to only the square and the circle.', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22998, 533, 'Choose a figure which would most closely resemble the unfolded form of Figure (Z).', '[\"1\", \"2\", \"3\", \"4\"]', 2, 'medium', 'The paper is folded vertically, then the right side is folded diagonally. Unfolding the diagonal fold mirrors the shape upwards. Unfolding the vertical fold mirrors the resulting pattern to the left, creating a symmetrical design that matches figure (3).', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(22999, 533, 'Find out from amongst the four alternatives as to how the pattern would appear when the transparent sheet is folded at the dotted line.', '[\"1\", \"2\", \"3\", \"4\"]', 3, 'medium', 'When the transparent sheet (X) is folded along the dotted line, the left half will superimpose on the right half. The circle will enclose the existing circle, and the line will form an arrow pointing to the top right. This matches figure (3).', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23000, 533, 'Select a suitable figure from the four alternatives that would complete the figure matrix.', '[\"1\", \"2\", \"3\", \"4\"]', 1, 'medium', 'In each row, the third figure is a combination of the first two figures. The elements are superimposed. Following this pattern for the third row, combining the first two figures results in figure (2).', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', '2025-09-07 03:14:15', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23001, 525, 'Two photons approach each other. Their relative velocity will be', '[\"2c\", \"c\", \"c/2\", \"zero\"]', 1, 'medium', 'According to the second postulate of special relativity, the speed of light (c) in a vacuum is the same for all observers, regardless of the motion of the light source or the observer. Therefore, the relative velocity of two photons is always c.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23002, 524, 'The Electric intensity E varies with distance r for a point charge as', '[\"$E \\propto 1/r^2$\", \"$E \\propto 1/r$\", \"$E \\propto 1/r^3$\", \"$E \\propto 1/r^0$\"]', 0, 'medium', 'The electric field intensity (E) due to a point charge is given by Coulomb\'s law, $E = kQ/r^2$. Thus, E is inversely proportional to the square of the distance (r).', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23003, 524, 'The electric field intensity inside a hollow conducting sphere having charge Q is', '[\"$\\frac{1}{4\\pi\\epsilon_0}\\frac{Q}{R^2}$\", \"Zero\", \"$\\frac{1}{4\\pi\\epsilon_0}\\frac{Q}{R}$\", \"None\"]', 1, 'medium', 'Inside a hollow conducting sphere, the net electric charge is zero. According to Gauss\'s law, the electric field intensity inside the conductor is zero at all points.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23004, 523, '$10^{10}$ electrons are removed from a neutral body. Then the charge acquired by the body is', '[\"$+1.6 \\times 10^{-9}C$\", \"$-1.6 \\times 10^{-9}C$\", \"$1.6 \\times 10^{-29}C$\", \"$10^{10}C$\"]', 0, 'medium', 'When electrons are removed, the body becomes positively charged. The total charge is $Q = ne = 10^{10} \\times 1.6 \\times 10^{-19} C = 1.6 \\times 10^{-9} C$.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23005, 523, 'Kirchoff\'s second law i. e. in a $\\Sigma V=0$ in a closed circuit is based on the conservation of', '[\"Charge\", \"Energy\", \"Momentum\", \"Angular momentum\"]', 1, 'medium', 'Kirchhoff\'s second law (the loop rule) states that the sum of the potential differences around any closed loop is zero. This is a statement of the conservation of energy.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23006, 523, 'The wire of a potentiometer has a resistance 2Ω and length 10 m. A battery of emf 3V is connected across the wire. The potential gradient is', '[\"$0.3 V/m$\", \"$0.003 V/m$\", \"$3 V/m$\", \"$0.6 V/m$\"]', 0, 'medium', 'The potential gradient is the potential drop per unit length. It is calculated as $K = V/L$. Here, the total voltage across the wire is 3V and the length is 10m. So, $K = 3V / 10m = 0.3 V/m$.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23007, 520, '\"Light year\" is the unit of', '[\"Length\", \"Velocity\", \"Time\", \"Momentum\"]', 0, 'medium', 'A light-year is a unit of astronomical distance, representing the distance that light travels in a vacuum in one year.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23008, 520, 'A car travelling along circular track at constant speed 20 m/s has completed half revolution on the track. Its average velocity will be', '[\"$10 \\pi m/s$\", \"$20/\\pi m/s$\", \"$20 m/s$\", \"$40/\\pi m/s$\"]', 3, 'medium', 'Average velocity = Total displacement / Total time. Displacement for half a revolution is the diameter, $2r$. Time taken is distance/speed = $(\\pi r) / 20$. Average velocity = $2r / (\\pi r / 20) = 40/\\pi$ m/s.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23009, 524, 'The ratio of intensities of 2 interfering waves is 4:1, then the ratio of their maximum to minimum intensity is', '[\"1:4\", \"9:1\", \"3:1\", \"4:1\"]', 1, 'medium', 'Given $I_1/I_2 = 4/1$. The amplitude ratio is $a_1/a_2 = \\sqrt{I_1/I_2} = 2/1$. The ratio of max to min intensity is $I_{max}/I_{min} = ((a_1+a_2)/(a_1-a_2))^2 = ((2+1)/(2-1))^2 = 3^2/1^2 = 9:1$.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23010, 522, 'The power of convex lens whose focal length 20 cm is', '[\"+0.5 D\", \"+ 5.0 D\", \"-0.5 D\", \"-5.0 D\"]', 1, 'medium', 'Power (P) in diopters is the reciprocal of the focal length (f) in meters. $f = 20 cm = 0.2 m$. For a convex lens, f is positive. So, $P = 1/0.2 = +5.0 D$.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23011, 520, 'The time period of simple pendulum is doubled when', '[\"Length is doubled\", \"Mass is doubled\", \"The length is made four times\", \"The mass of bob and length of pendulum are doubled\"]', 2, 'medium', 'The time period of a simple pendulum is given by $T = 2\\pi\\sqrt{L/g}$. To double the time period T, the length L must be made four times its original value, since $T \\propto \\sqrt{L}$.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23012, 520, 'A satellite A of mass \'m\' is at a distance \'r\' from earth\'s surface. Another satellite B of mass 2m is at a distance 2r from earth\'s surface. Their time periods are in the ratio of:', '[\"1:2\", \"1:16\", \"$1:2\\sqrt{2}$\", \"$1:2$\"]', 2, 'medium', 'According to Kepler\'s third law, $T^2 \\propto R^3$, where R is the orbital radius from the center of the earth. The orbital radii are $(R_e+r)$ and $(R_e+2r)$. The problem is ambiguous. Assuming r is orbital radius, $T_A^2/T_B^2 = r^3/(2r)^3 = 1/8$. So $T_A/T_B = 1/\\sqrt{8} = 1/(2\\sqrt{2})$.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23013, 521, '$69.8^{\\circ}F$ is equivalent to:', '[\"$21^{\\circ}C$\", \"$45^{\\circ}C$\", \"$40^{\\circ}C$\", \"$54^{\\circ}C$\"]', 0, 'medium', 'Using the conversion formula $C = (F - 32) \\times 5/9$. $C = (69.8 - 32) \\times 5/9 = 37.8 \\times 5/9 = 21^{\\circ}C$.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23014, 520, 'If there is a change of angular momentum from $2 \\text{Kgm}^2\\text{s}^{-1}$ to 4 $\\text{Kgm}^2\\text{s}^{-1}$ in 4 sec. Then the torque is:', '[\"$0.25 J/sec$\", \"$0.5 J/sec$\", \"$1 J/sec$\", \"$2 J/sec$\"]', 1, 'medium', 'Torque (τ) is the rate of change of angular momentum (L). $\\tau = \\Delta L / \\Delta t = (4 - 2) / 4 = 2 / 4 = 0.5$ Nm. The unit J/sec is for power, but Nm/s is not torque. Nm is equivalent to Joule, but the unit should be Nm.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23015, 521, 'The average speed (root mean square speed) of the molecules in equilibrium is', '[\"Proportional to $\\sqrt{T}$\", \"Proportional to T\", \"Proportional to $T^2$\", \"Zero\"]', 0, 'medium', 'The root mean square (rms) speed of gas molecules is given by $v_{rms} = \\sqrt{3RT/M}$. Therefore, the rms speed is directly proportional to the square root of the absolute temperature (T).', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23016, 521, 'A man would feel iron and wooden block equally cold or hot at:', '[\"$98.6^{\\circ}C$\", \"$98.6^{\\circ}F$\", \"98.6 K\", \"No temperature\"]', 1, 'medium', 'Heat transfer occurs when there is a temperature difference. If the objects are at the same temperature as the human body (approx. $98.6^{\\circ}F$ or $37^{\\circ}C$), there will be no net heat transfer, and they will feel neither hot nor cold.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23017, 521, 'A carnot engine works between ice point ($0^{\\circ}C$) and steam point ($100^{\\circ}C$). What is its efficiency?', '[\"17%\", \"27%\", \"37%\", \"73%\"]', 1, 'medium', 'Efficiency $\\eta = 1 - (T_{cold}/T_{hot})$. Temperatures must be in Kelvin. $T_{cold} = 0^{\\circ}C = 273 K$. $T_{hot} = 100^{\\circ}C = 373 K$. $\\eta = 1 - (273/373) = 100/373 \\approx 0.268$. In percentage, this is about 27%.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23018, 524, 'Ten tuning forks are arranged in increasing order of frequency in such a way that any two consecutive tuning forks produce 4 beats per second. The highest frequency is twice that of the lowest. Possible highest and lowest frequencies are', '[\"80 and 40\", \"100 and 50\", \"44 and 22\", \"72 and 36\"]', 3, 'medium', 'Let the lowest frequency be f. The frequencies form an arithmetic progression: f, f+4, f+8, ..., f+9*4. The 10th (highest) frequency is $f + 36$. Given that the highest is twice the lowest, $f+36 = 2f$, which gives $f=36$. The highest frequency is $2 \\times 36 = 72$.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23019, 524, 'The end correction of a resonance column is 1.0 cm. Then the diameter of tube is nearly', '[\"2 cm\", \"3.3 cm\", \"1.65 cm\", \"6.6 cm\"]', 1, 'medium', 'The end correction (e) is related to the radius (r) of the tube by the formula $e = 0.6r$. The diameter is $d=2r$. So, $e = 0.3d$. Given e=1.0cm, $d = e/0.3 = 1.0/0.3 \\approx 3.3$ cm.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23020, 524, 'If the earth is supposed to be metallic sphere of radius 6400 km. What is its capacitance?', '[\"$711 \\mu F$\", \"$811 \\mu F$\", \"711 F\", \"711 pF\"]', 0, 'medium', 'The capacitance of an isolated spherical conductor is $C = 4\\pi\\epsilon_0 R$. We know that $k = 1/(4\\pi\\epsilon_0) = 9 \\times 10^9$. So, $C = R/k = (6400 \\times 10^3 m) / (9 \\times 10^9) \\approx 7.11 \\times 10^{-4} F = 711 \\mu F$.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23021, 525, 'The photoelectric threshold wavelength for potassium (work function being 2eV) is', '[\"310 nm\", \"620 nm\", \"1200 nm\", \"2100 nm\"]', 1, 'medium', 'The work function $W_0 = hc/\\lambda_0$. So, the threshold wavelength $\\lambda_0 = hc/W_0$. Using the constant $hc \\approx 1240$ eV·nm, we get $\\lambda_0 = 1240 / 2 = 620$ nm.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23022, 521, 'Maximum density of $H_2O$ is at the temperature', '[\"$32^{\\circ}F$\", \"$39.2^{\\circ}F$\", \"$42^{\\circ}F$\", \"$4^{\\circ}F$\"]', 1, 'medium', 'Water has its maximum density at $4^{\\circ}C$. Converting this to Fahrenheit: $F = (C \\times 9/5) + 32 = (4 \\times 9/5) + 32 = 7.2 + 32 = 39.2^{\\circ}F$.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23023, 521, 'Electric fan is switched on in a closed room. The air in the room is', '[\"Cooled\", \"Heated\", \"Maintain its temperature\", \"Heated or cooled depending on the atmospheric pressure\"]', 1, 'medium', 'An electric fan does work on the air, increasing its kinetic energy. Due to air viscosity, this kinetic energy is converted into internal energy (heat). The motor also generates heat. In a closed room, the overall effect is a slight increase in the air temperature.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23024, 527, 'Two stars A and B radiate maximum energy at 3600 Å and 4800 Å respectively. Then the ratio of absolute temperature of A and B is:', '[\"256:81\", \"81:256\", \"3:4\", \"4:3\"]', 3, 'medium', 'According to Wien\'s displacement law, the wavelength of maximum emission is inversely proportional to the absolute temperature ($lambda_{max} \\propto 1/T$). So, $T_A/T_B = \\lambda_{B,max} / \\lambda_{A,max} = 4800 / 3600 = 4/3$.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23025, 525, 'When high speed electrons hit a target of high atomic number, the efficiency of production of X-rays is:', '[\"100%\", \"99%\", \"50%\", \"even less than 1%\"]', 3, 'medium', 'The process of X-ray production by electron bombardment is highly inefficient. Most of the kinetic energy of the electrons is converted into heat in the target, with typically less than 1% being converted into X-ray energy.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23026, 525, 'The ionization energy of hydrogen atom is 13.6 eV. The ionization energy of helium atom would be:', '[\"13.6 eV\", \"27.2 eV\", \"6.8 eV\", \"54.4 eV\"]', 3, 'medium', 'Ionization energy is proportional to the square of the atomic number ($E \\propto Z^2$). For Hydrogen, Z=1. For Helium, Z=2. The ionization energy for a He+ ion (one electron) is $13.6 \\times (2^2/1^2) = 54.4$ eV.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23027, 525, 'Half life period of lead is', '[\"zero\", \"infinite\", \"1590 days\", \"1590 years\"]', 1, 'medium', 'Stable isotopes, like the common isotopes of lead (Pb-206, Pb-207, Pb-208), do not undergo radioactive decay. Therefore, their half-life is considered to be infinite.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23028, 520, 'A stone is released from a tower, its total mechanical energy during its fall:', '[\"Increases\", \"Decreases\", \"Remains constant\", \"First increases and then become constant\"]', 2, 'medium', 'Assuming negligible air resistance, the only force acting on the stone is gravity, which is a conservative force. Therefore, the total mechanical energy (sum of kinetic and potential energy) remains constant throughout its fall.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23029, 520, 'Two wires A and B of same materials have lengths in ratio 1:2 and diameters in the ratio 2:1. If they are pulled by the same force, their increase in length will be in the ratio of:', '[\"2:1\", \"1:4\", \"1:8\", \"8:1\"]', 2, 'medium', 'Elongation $\\Delta L = FL/(AY)$. Since F and Y are the same, $\\Delta L \\propto L/A \\propto L/D^2$. So, $\\Delta L_A/\\Delta L_B = (L_A/L_B) \\times (D_B/D_A)^2 = (1/2) \\times (1/2)^2 = 1/8$. The ratio is 1:8.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23030, 522, 'What is the main reason of the shining of diamond/mirages formation?', '[\"Reflection\", \"Refraction\", \"Total internal reflection\", \"Dispersion of light\"]', 2, 'medium', 'The brilliance of a diamond and the formation of mirages are both primarily caused by the phenomenon of total internal reflection, which occurs when light travels from a denser to a rarer medium at an angle greater than the critical angle.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23031, 522, 'If half the body of a convex lens is covered with a black paper, the image produced by a lens will', '[\"Disappear\", \"Have its size reduced to half\", \"Remain unaffected in size but its intensity reduced to half\", \"Remain unaffected in size and intensity\"]', 2, 'medium', 'Every part of a lens contributes to the formation of the entire image. Covering half the lens will not change the size or position of the image, but it will reduce the amount of light gathered, thus reducing the image\'s intensity (brightness).', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23032, 522, 'When a mirror is rotated through an angle 30° keeping incident ray constant, then reflected ray is rotated through an angle:', '[\"$25^{\\circ}$\", \"$60^{\\circ}$\", \"$45^{\\circ}$\", \"$90^{\\circ}$\"]', 1, 'medium', 'If a plane mirror is rotated by an angle θ, the reflected ray rotates through an angle of 2θ. Therefore, if the mirror is rotated by 30°, the reflected ray will rotate by $2 \\times 30^{\\circ} = 60^{\\circ}$.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23033, 524, 'Two coherent sources of intensity ratio 1:4 produce an interference pattern. The fringe visibility will be', '[\"1\", \"0.8\", \"0.4\", \"0.6\"]', 1, 'medium', 'Fringe visibility $V = (I_{max} - I_{min}) / (I_{max} + I_{min})$. With $I_1/I_2=1/4$, $a_1/a_2=1/2$. $I_{max} \\propto (a_1+a_2)^2 = (1+2)^2=9$. $I_{min} \\propto (a_1-a_2)^2 = (1-2)^2=1$. $V = (9-1)/(9+1) = 8/10 = 0.8$.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23034, 524, 'Two capacitors each of 1µF capacitance are connected in parallel and then charged by 200 V DC supply. The energy stored by capacitors in joule is:', '[\"0.01\", \"0.02\", \"0.04\", \"0.06\"]', 2, 'medium', 'In parallel, the total capacitance is $C_{eq} = C_1 + C_2 = 1\\mu F + 1\\mu F = 2\\mu F$. The energy stored is $U = (1/2)C_{eq}V^2 = (1/2)(2 \\times 10^{-6} F)(200 V)^2 = 10^{-6} \\times 40000 = 0.04$ J.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23035, 525, 'The momentum of a photon of wavelength 0.01 Å is.', '[\"$10^{-2}h$\", \"$10^{2}h$\", \"$10^{12}h$\", \"$3\\times10^{-2}h$\"]', 2, 'medium', 'According to the de Broglie relation, momentum $p = h/\\lambda$. Given $\\lambda = 0.01 \\AA = 10^{-12}$ m. So, $p = h / 10^{-12} = 10^{12}h$.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23036, 525, 'The energy of incident photons corresponding to maximum wavelength of visible light is:', '[\"3.2 eV\", \"7 eV\", \"1.55 eV\", \"1 eV\"]', 2, 'medium', 'The maximum wavelength of visible light is about 800 nm (or 8000 Å). Energy $E = hc/\\lambda$. Using $hc \\approx 1240$ eV·nm. $E = 1240 / 800 = 1.55$ eV.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23037, 525, 'X-rays', '[\"are deflected in magnetic field\", \"are deflected in electric field\", \"remain undeflected by both the fields\", \"deflected in both the fields\"]', 2, 'medium', 'X-rays are a form of electromagnetic radiation and are composed of chargeless photons. Therefore, they are not deflected by either electric or magnetic fields.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23038, 525, 'The ratio of wavelength of first line of Lyman series to first line of Balmer series is:', '[\"1:4\", \"5:27\", \"27:20\", \"20:27\"]', 1, 'medium', 'For the first Lyman line, $1/\\lambda_L = R(1/1^2 - 1/2^2) = 3R/4$. For the first Balmer line, $1/\\lambda_B = R(1/2^2 - 1/3^2) = 5R/36$. The ratio $\\lambda_L/\\lambda_B = (4/3R)/(36/5R) = 4/3 \\times 5/36 = 5/27$.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23039, 526, 'In a transistor, the value of β is 100. The value of α will be:', '[\"0.01\", \"0.1\", \"0.99\", \"1\"]', 2, 'medium', 'The relationship between the current gains α and β is $\\alpha = \\beta / (1+\\beta)$. Given $\\beta = 100$, $\\alpha = 100 / (1+100) = 100/101 \\approx 0.99$.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23040, 520, 'The ratio of the angular velocity of the earth about its axis to the hour hand of a clock is:', '[\"12:11\", \"11:12\", \"1:2\", \"2:1\"]', 2, 'medium', 'Angular velocity of Earth, $\\omega_E = 2\\pi / 24$ rad/hr. Angular velocity of hour hand, $\\omega_H = 2\\pi / 12$ rad/hr. The ratio $\\omega_E / \\omega_H = (2\\pi/24) / (2\\pi/12) = 12/24 = 1/2$. The ratio is 1:2.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23041, 523, 'Transformers are used in:', '[\"integrated circuits\", \"D.C. circuits only\", \"all the three circuits (repulsive)\", \"A.C. circuits only\"]', 3, 'medium', 'Transformers operate on the principle of mutual induction, which requires a changing magnetic flux. This is only possible with alternating current (A.C.), not direct current (D.C.).', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23042, 523, 'Ideal voltmeter has:', '[\"Zero resistance\", \"Maximum resistance\", \"Minimum resistance\", \"Infinite resistance\"]', 3, 'medium', 'An ideal voltmeter should draw no current from the circuit it is measuring. To achieve this, it must have infinite internal resistance.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23043, 523, 'In case of bar magnet:', '[\"Magnetic field originates from N to S\", \"It forms closed curves\", \"Field originates from middle of the bar magnet\", \"It\'s field originates like that of mono pole\"]', 1, 'medium', 'Magnetic field lines are continuous loops. They emerge from the north pole, enter the south pole externally, and continue from south to north inside the magnet, thus forming closed curves.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23044, 525, 'To undergo fusion reaction the required condition is', '[\"High temperature and high pressure\", \"Low temperature and low pressure\", \"High temperature and low pressure\", \"Low temperature and high pressure\"]', 0, 'medium', 'Nuclear fusion requires extremely high temperatures to overcome the electrostatic repulsion between positively charged nuclei and high pressure to increase the density and collision frequency.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23045, 524, 'A charged particle is in the electric field between two horizontal metal plates connected to a battery. There is a force F on the particle. The separation of the plates is doubled. What is the new force on the particle?', '[\"F/2\", \"F\", \"F/4\", \"2F\"]', 0, 'medium', 'The electric field between the plates is $E = V/d$. The force on the particle is $F = qE = qV/d$. If the distance d is doubled, the new force $F\' = qV/(2d) = F/2$.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23046, 523, 'A magnetic needle lying parallel to the magnetic field required W units of work to turn it through 60°. The torque to maintain the needle in this position will be', '[\"$\\sqrt{3}W$\", \"W\", \"$\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}W$\", \"2W\"]', 0, 'medium', 'Work done $W = MB(1 - \\cos\\theta) = MB(1 - \\cos 60^{\\circ}) = MB/2$. Torque $\\tau = MB\\sin\\theta = MB\\sin 60^{\\circ} = MB(\\sqrt{3}/2)$. From the work equation, $MB = 2W$. Substituting this into the torque equation gives $\\tau = (2W)(\\sqrt{3}/2) = \\sqrt{3}W$.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23047, 526, 'At absolute zero temperature, a crystal of pure germanium', '[\"behaves as perfect conductor\", \"behaves as perfect insulator\", \"contains no electron\", \"None of the above\"]', 1, 'medium', 'At absolute zero (0 K), the valence band of a semiconductor like germanium is completely full and the conduction band is empty. There are no free charge carriers, so it behaves as a perfect insulator.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23048, 526, 'If $n_p$ and $n_e$ the number of holes and number of free electrons at certain temperature in an intrinsic semiconductor, then', '[\"$n_p = n_e$\", \"$n_p < n_e$\", \"$n_p > n_e$\", \"$n_p \\ne n_e$\"]', 0, 'medium', 'In an intrinsic (pure) semiconductor, electrons are excited from the valence band to the conduction band, leaving behind an equal number of holes. Thus, the concentration of free electrons ($n_e$) is equal to the concentration of holes ($n_p$).', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23049, 523, 'Magnetism in magnetic substances is caused by:', '[\"Spin motion of electron\", \"Orbital motion of electron\", \"Orientation of electron\", \"Movement of electron\"]', 0, 'medium', 'Magnetism in materials arises from the magnetic dipole moments of atoms, which are primarily due to the intrinsic spin of electrons and their orbital motion around the nucleus. The spin motion is the dominant contributor.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23050, 527, 'Which elementary particle is a lepton?', '[\"Electron\", \"Neutron\", \"Proton\", \"Quark\"]', 0, 'medium', 'Leptons are a class of elementary particles that do not experience the strong nuclear force. The electron is a fundamental lepton.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23051, 512, 'Methanol and ethanol are miscible in water due to:', '[\"Their acidic character\", \"Hydrogen bonding\", \"Their dissociation in water\", \"Alkyl group\"]', 1, 'medium', 'Low molecular weight alcohols like methanol and ethanol are soluble in water because their hydroxyl (-OH) group can form hydrogen bonds with water molecules.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23052, 512, 'Ether reacts with cold and conc. $H_2SO_4$ to form:', '[\"Oxonium salt\", \"Alkenes\", \"Alkoxides\", \"Zwitter ions\"]', 0, 'medium', 'The oxygen atom in an ether has lone pairs of electrons, allowing it to act as a Lewis base and accept a proton from a strong acid like cold, concentrated $H_2SO_4$ to form a soluble oxonium salt.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23053, 512, 'Which of the following compounds give Cannizzaro reaction?', '[\"HCHO\", \"$CH_3CHO$\", \"$CH_3CH_2CHO$\", \"$(CH_3)_2CHCHO$\"]', 0, 'medium', 'The Cannizzaro reaction is undergone by aldehydes that lack an alpha-hydrogen atom. Formaldehyde (HCHO) has no alpha-carbon and thus no alpha-hydrogens.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23054, 512, 'Which of the following compound is Aspirin?', '[\"Methyl salicylate\", \"Acetyl salicylate\", \"Phenyl salicylate\", \"Salicylic acid\"]', 1, 'medium', 'Aspirin is the common name for acetylsalicylic acid, which is an ester of salicylic acid and acetic anhydride.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23055, 512, 'When nitrobenzene is reduced under alkaline condition using Zinc and NaOH, the final product obtained is:', '[\"Phenyl hydroxyl amine\", \"Nitrosobenzene\", \"Aniline\", \"Hydrazobenzene\"]', 3, 'medium', 'The reduction of nitrobenzene with zinc dust in an alkaline medium (NaOH) leads to the bimolecular reduction product, hydrazobenzene.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23056, 512, 'When Phenol is treated with $CHCl_3$ and alcoholic KOH salicylaldehyde is produced. This reaction is called', '[\"Rosenmund reaction\", \"Reimer-Tiemann reaction\", \"Friedel-craft\'s reaction\", \"Schmidt reaction\"]', 1, 'medium', 'The Reimer-Tiemann reaction is a chemical reaction used for the ortho-formylation of phenols; in this case, converting phenol to salicylaldehyde.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23057, 511, 'Which does not speed up decomposition of $H_2O_2$?', '[\"Glycerol\", \"Pt\", \"Gold\", \"$MnO_2$\"]', 0, 'medium', 'Glycerol acts as a negative catalyst or inhibitor for the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide, slowing down the reaction. Platinum, gold, and manganese dioxide all catalyze its decomposition.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23058, 511, 'Sodium is made by electrolysis of molten mixture of about 40% NaCl and 60% $CaCl_2$ because:', '[\"$CaCl_2$ helps in conduction of electricity\", \"This mixture has lower melting point of NaCl solution\", \"$Ca^{++}$ can displace $Na^+$ from NaCl\", \"Ca can reduce NaCl to Na\"]', 1, 'medium', 'The melting point of pure NaCl is very high (about 801°C). Adding $CaCl_2$ creates a eutectic mixture which significantly lowers the melting point (to about 600°C), making the electrolysis process more energy-efficient.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23059, 510, 'How many proton, electron and neutron are present in the element $_{21}X^{43}$?', '[\"22, 21, 21\", \"21, 21, 22\", \"22, 22, 22\", \"22, 21, 22\"]', 1, 'medium', 'The atomic number (Z=21) gives the number of protons and electrons, so 21 protons and 21 electrons. The number of neutrons is the mass number (A=43) minus the atomic number, so 43 - 21 = 22 neutrons.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23060, 510, 'The unit of universal gas constant is', '[\"J atm mol$^{-1}$ degree\", \"Cal meter degree mol$^{-1}$\", \"Cal degree mol$^{-1}$\", \"Joule mol$^{-1}$\"]', 2, 'medium', 'The universal gas constant R can be expressed in various units. A common value is ~2 cal K⁻¹ mol⁻¹, so the units are Calories per degree per mole.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23061, 510, 'Which of the following is a surface phenomenon?', '[\"Boiling\", \"Viscosity\", \"Evaporation\", \"Surface tension\"]', 2, 'medium', 'Evaporation is a process where liquid turns into gas from the surface of the liquid, unlike boiling which occurs throughout the bulk of the liquid.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23062, 511, 'Hydrogen forms:', '[\"Covalent hydrides\", \"Ionic hydride\", \"Metallic hydride\", \"All of the above\"]', 3, 'medium', 'Hydrogen can form ionic hydrides with highly electropositive metals (like NaH), covalent hydrides with non-metals (like CH₄), and metallic (interstitial) hydrides with many transition metals.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23063, 511, 'A dry ice is composed of:', '[\"Solid $H_2O$\", \"Solid $CO_2$\", \"Solid $SO_2$\", \"Solid $C_6H_6$\"]', 1, 'medium', 'Dry ice is the solid form of carbon dioxide ($CO_2$), which sublimates directly from a solid to a gas at atmospheric pressure.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23064, 511, 'Oil of vitriol is:', '[\"$H_2SO_4$\", \"$H_2S_2O_7$\", \"$H_2SO_3$\", \"$HNO_3$\"]', 0, 'medium', 'Oil of vitriol is an archaic name for concentrated sulfuric acid ($H_2SO_4$), named because it was first prepared by distilling \"green vitriol\" (iron(II) sulfate).', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23065, 511, 'The most abundant element on earth crust is:', '[\"Hydrogen\", \"Oxygen\", \"Silicon\", \"Carbon\"]', 1, 'medium', 'Oxygen is the most abundant element by mass in the Earth\'s crust, making up about 46.6%.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23066, 511, 'German silver is an alloy of:', '[\"Fe, Cr, Ni\", \"Cu, Zn, Ag\", \"Cu, Zn, Ni\", \"Cu, Sn. Al\"]', 2, 'medium', 'German silver, despite its name, contains no silver. It is an alloy of copper, zinc, and nickel.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23067, 511, 'NaCl is an example of', '[\"Ionic solid\", \"covalent solid\", \"Metallic solid\", \"Molecular solid\"]', 0, 'medium', 'Sodium chloride (NaCl) is a classic example of an ionic solid, composed of a crystal lattice of sodium cations ($Na^+$) and chloride anions ($Cl^-$) held together by electrostatic forces.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23068, 511, 'What volume of oxygen at STP can be formed from 0.500 mole of potassium chlorate?', '[\"16.8 liter\", \"17.8 liter\", \"15.8 liter\", \"19.8 liter\"]', 0, 'medium', 'The balanced reaction is $2KClO_3 \\rightarrow 2KCl + 3O_2$. 2 moles of $KClO_3$ produce 3 moles of $O_2$. So, 0.5 moles of $KClO_3$ will produce $(3/2) \\times 0.5 = 0.75$ moles of $O_2$. At STP, 1 mole occupies 22.4 L. Volume = $0.75 \\times 22.4 = 16.8$ L.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23069, 510, 'A sub shell with n=6, l=2 can accommodate a maximum of:', '[\"12 electrons\", \"14 electrons\", \"10 electrons\", \"6 electrons\"]', 2, 'medium', 'The azimuthal quantum number l=2 corresponds to the d-subshell. A d-subshell has 5 orbitals, and each orbital can hold a maximum of 2 electrons. Therefore, it can accommodate a maximum of $5 \\times 2 = 10$ electrons.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23070, 511, 'The compound $[Fe(CN)_6]^{4-}$ has hybridization:', '[\"$sp^2$\", \"$sp^3$\", \"$d^2sp^3$\", \"$sp$\"]', 2, 'medium', 'In the complex ion $[Fe(CN)_6]^{4-}$, iron is in the +2 oxidation state. Cyanide is a strong field ligand, causing pairing of electrons and making inner d-orbitals available. The hybridization is $d^2sp^3$.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23071, 511, 'Which of the following is NOT true?', '[\"Among halide ions, iodide is the most powerful reducing agent\", \"Fluorine is the only halogen that does not show a variable oxidation state\", \"HOCI is stronger than HOBr\", \"HF is stronger acid than HCl\"]', 3, 'medium', 'HF is a weak acid compared to HCl, HBr, and HI due to the strong H-F bond and hydrogen bonding in its aqueous solution.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23072, 511, 'The most electronegative element is', '[\"Na\", \"F\", \"O\", \"Xe\"]', 1, 'medium', 'Fluorine (F) is the most electronegative element in the periodic table.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23073, 510, 'The sum of pH and pOH at $25^{\\circ}C$ is:', '[\"7\", \"0\", \"-7\", \"14\"]', 3, 'medium', 'For any aqueous solution at $25^{\\circ}C$, the relationship between pH and pOH is given by the ion product of water: pH + pOH = 14.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23074, 510, 'Equivalent weight of $KMnO_4$ is acidic medium:', '[\"31.6\", \"13.8\", \"52.6\", \"158\"]', 0, 'medium', 'The molecular weight of $KMnO_4$ is approx. 158 g/mol. In acidic medium, Mn goes from +7 to +2, a change of 5. The equivalent weight is Molecular Weight / 5 = 158 / 5 = 31.6.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23075, 510, 'A standard $H_2$ electrode has zero electrode potential because:', '[\"$H_2$ is easier to oxide\", \"This electrode potential is assumed to be zero\", \"$H_2$ atom has only one e\", \"$H_2$ is the lightest element\"]', 1, 'medium', 'By international convention, the standard hydrogen electrode (SHE) is assigned a potential of exactly 0.00 V at all temperatures to serve as a reference point for all other electrode potentials.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23076, 510, 'The catalysts increase the rate of reaction because:', '[\"They give extra energy to the reactant\", \"They form activation complex with the reactant\", \"They increase the activation energy\", \"They lower the activation energy\"]', 3, 'medium', 'A catalyst increases the rate of a chemical reaction by providing an alternative reaction pathway with a lower activation energy, allowing more reactant molecules to have sufficient energy to react.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23077, 510, 'On the basic Le-chatlier\'s principle, favourable conditions for the forward reaction: $2SO_2(g)+O_2(g) \\rightleftharpoons 2SO_3(g), \\Delta H=-198 KJ$ is', '[\"Lowering temperature as well as pressure\", \"Increases temp as well as pressure\", \"Lowering temperature and increasing pressure\", \"Any value of temperature and pressure\"]', 2, 'medium', 'The reaction is exothermic (negative ΔH), so lower temperatures favor the forward reaction. The reaction proceeds with a decrease in moles of gas (3 to 2), so higher pressure favors the forward reaction.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23078, 510, 'Which one is correct for the reaction? $Fe_2O_3+3CO \\rightarrow 2Fe+3CO_2$', '[\"$\\Delta H=\\Delta E$\", \"$\\Delta H=\\Delta E-RT$\", \"$\\Delta H=\\Delta E+RT$\", \"$\\Delta H=\\Delta E+2RT$\"]', 0, 'medium', 'The relationship is $\\Delta H = \\Delta E + \\Delta n_g RT$. The change in moles of gas is $\\Delta n_g = 3 - 3 = 0$. Therefore, $\\Delta H = \\Delta E$.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23079, 512, 'In homolytic fission of hydrocarbon which is formed?', '[\"free radical\", \"carbanion\", \"carbocation\", \"carbene\"]', 0, 'medium', 'Homolytic fission is the symmetrical breaking of a covalent bond where each atom retains one of the bonding electrons, resulting in the formation of two free radicals.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23080, 512, 'Isomer of ethanol is:', '[\"Methanol\", \"Dimethyl ether\", \"Diethyl ether\", \"Acetaldehyde\"]', 1, 'medium', 'Ethanol ($C_2H_5OH$) and dimethyl ether ($CH_3OCH_3$) are functional isomers, having the same molecular formula ($C_2H_6O$) but different functional groups.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23081, 512, 'Polythene is a polymer of:', '[\"Isobutene\", \"Ethene\", \"Vinyl chloride\", \"Propylene\"]', 1, 'medium', 'Polythene, or polyethylene, is a polymer formed by the polymerization of the monomer ethene ($CH_2=CH_2$).', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23082, 512, 'The reaction of benzene with haloalkane in presence of anhydrous $AlCl_3$ is:', '[\"Friedel craft\'s reaction\", \"Wurtz reaction\", \"Frankland reaction\", \"Riemer-Tiemann reaction\"]', 0, 'medium', 'This describes the Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction, where an alkyl group from a haloalkane is attached to an aromatic ring using a Lewis acid catalyst like $AlCl_3$.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23083, 512, 'Grignard reagent is:', '[\"$Mg(OH)_2$\", \"Alkyl halides\", \"Alkyl magnesium halides\", \"$MgCl_2$\"]', 2, 'medium', 'A Grignard reagent is an organometallic compound with the general formula R-Mg-X, where R is an alkyl or aryl group and X is a halogen. It is an alkyl magnesium halide.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23084, 512, 'Which one shows Cannizzaro reaction?', '[\"Acetaldehyde\", \"Acetic acid\", \"Acetophenone\", \"Benzaldehyde\"]', 3, 'medium', 'The Cannizzaro reaction is given by aldehydes that do not have an alpha-hydrogen. Benzaldehyde lacks alpha-hydrogens and thus undergoes this reaction.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23085, 512, 'The reaction of an aldehyde with hydroxylamine gives:', '[\"Amino hydroxide\", \"Hydrazone\", \"Semicarbazone\", \"Oxime\"]', 3, 'medium', 'Aldehydes and ketones react with hydroxylamine ($NH_2OH$) in a condensation reaction to form oximes.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23086, 512, 'Acetic acid reacts with NaOH to produce:', '[\"$C_2H_5OH$\", \"HCOONa\", \"CH3COONa\", \"$C_2H_5NH_2$\"]', 2, 'medium', 'This is a classic acid-base neutralization reaction. Acetic acid ($CH_3COOH$) reacts with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to form the salt sodium acetate ($CH_3COONa$) and water.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23087, 512, 'Toluene on oxidation with dil. $HNO_3$ gives:', '[\"Benzaldehyde\", \"Phenol\", \"Nitrotoluene\", \"Benzoic acid\"]', 3, 'medium', 'Oxidation of the methyl group on toluene yields benzoic acid. Dilute nitric acid is not the typical reagent; usually, a stronger oxidizing agent like KMnO₄ is used, but among the options, benzoic acid is the expected oxidation product.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23088, 512, 'Imino acid among the following compound is', '[\"Serine\", \"Proline\", \"Tyrosine\", \"Lysine\"]', 1, 'medium', 'Proline is unique among the standard amino acids because its alpha-amino group is a secondary amine, incorporated into a five-membered ring. This makes it an imino acid.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23089, 511, 'Anticancer compound is:', '[\"$CO(NH_3)_2Cl_4$\", \"$Cis[PtF_2Cl_2]$\", \"$Cis[Pt(NH_3)_2Cl_2]$\", \"$CONH_4NO_3$\"]', 2, 'medium', 'Cisplatin, with the chemical formula cis-[Pt(NH₃)₂Cl₂], is a widely used chemotherapy drug for treating various types of cancer.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23090, 511, 'Hydrate form of sodium carbonate is', '[\"$Na_2CO_3H_2O$\", \"$Na_2CO_4$\", \"$Na_2CO_3.10H_2O$\", \"$Na_2CO_3.(H_2O)_5$\"]', 2, 'medium', 'The most common hydrated form of sodium carbonate is the decahydrate, $Na_2CO_3 cdot 10H_2O$, also known as washing soda.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23091, 511, 'The allotropic form of carbon which is used for making lead pencil is:', '[\"Lamp black\", \"Charcoal\", \"Graphite\", \"Bone black\"]', 2, 'medium', 'The \"lead\" in pencils is not lead metal but a mixture of graphite and clay. Graphite\'s layered structure allows it to easily slide off onto paper.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23092, 511, 'Nitrogen is prepared in lab by heating', '[\"$NH_3$ and $NaNO_2$\", \"$NH_4Cl$ and $NaNO_3$\", \"$NH_4Cl$ and $NaNO_2$\", \"$NH_4Cl$ and $NaNO_3$\"]', 2, 'medium', 'In the laboratory, nitrogen gas is prepared by heating an aqueous solution containing ammonium chloride ($NH_4Cl$) and sodium nitrite ($NaNO_2$).', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23093, 511, 'Hydrated Alumina is converted to anhydrous form by:', '[\"Roasting\", \"Calcination\", \"Smelting\", \"None\"]', 1, 'medium', 'Calcination is a process of heating a solid material to a high temperature in the absence of air to drive off volatile substances, such as water from hydrated alumina ($Al_2O_3 cdot xH_2O$) to produce anhydrous alumina ($Al_2O_3$).', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL);
INSERT INTO `questions` (`id`, `topic_id`, `question_text`, `options`, `correct_answer_index`, `difficulty`, `explanation`, `created_at`, `updated_at`, `marks`, `is_ai_generated`, `ai_metadata`, `user_id`, `ai_model`) VALUES
(23094, 510, 'Separation of substances by factional crystallization is based on the difference in their:', '[\"Crystalline slope\", \"Solubility\", \"Viscosity\", \"Boiling point\"]', 1, 'medium', 'Fractional crystallization is a method of separating substances based on differences in their solubility at different temperatures.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23095, 512, 'Air contains 20% $O_2$ by volume. How much volume of air will be required for the oxidation of 100 cc of acetylene?', '[\"500 cc\", \"1064 cc\", \"250 cc\", \"1250 cc\"]', 3, 'medium', 'The combustion reaction is $2C_2H_2 + 5O_2 \\rightarrow 4CO_2 + 2H_2O$. From stoichiometry, 2 volumes of acetylene require 5 volumes of oxygen. So, 100 cc of acetylene requires $(5/2) \\times 100 = 250$ cc of oxygen. Since air is 20% oxygen, the volume of air required is $250 / 0.20 = 1250$ cc.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23096, 510, 'pH of 0.05 M $Mg(OH)_2$ is', '[\"13\", \"1\", \"12\", \"Zero\"]', 0, 'medium', '$Mg(OH)_2$ dissociates into $Mg^{2+} + 2OH^-$. The concentration of $[OH^-]$ is $2 \\times 0.05 M = 0.1 M$. The pOH = -log(0.1) = 1. The pH = 14 - pOH = 14 - 1 = 13.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23097, 510, 'When 1g of water is frozen at $0^{\\circ}C$, then enthalpy change is: $[\\Delta H_{fus}=6KJ mol^{-1}]$', '[\"-0.33KJ\", \"-0.13KJ\", \"-0.5KJ\", \"0.8KJ\"]', 0, 'medium', 'Freezing is the reverse of fusion, so $\\Delta H_{freezing} = -\\Delta H_{fusion} = -6$ kJ/mol. Moles of water = 1g / 18 g/mol. Enthalpy change = $(-6 	ext{ kJ/mol}) 	imes (1/18 	ext{ mol}) = -1/3 	ext{ kJ} approx -0.33$ kJ.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23098, 511, 'When a lead battery is discharged', '[\"$SO_2$ is evolved\", \"$PbSO_4$ consumed\", \"Lead is formed\", \"$H_2SO_4$ consumed\"]', 3, 'medium', 'During the discharge of a lead-acid battery, both the lead anode and lead dioxide cathode react with sulfuric acid ($H_2SO_4$) to form lead sulfate ($PbSO_4$), thus consuming the sulfuric acid.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23099, 512, 'Maleic acid and fumaric acids are:', '[\"Optical isomers\", \"Chain isomers\", \"Functional isomers\", \"Geometric isomers\"]', 3, 'medium', 'Maleic acid (cis-butenedioic acid) and fumaric acid (trans-butenedioic acid) are geometric (cis-trans) isomers, differing in the spatial arrangement of their groups around the carbon-carbon double bond.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23100, 512, 'L.P.G consists of:', '[\"Methane and ethane\", \"Acetylene and hydrogen\", \"Butane and iso-butane\", \"Ethylene and carbon monoxide\"]', 2, 'medium', 'Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) is primarily a mixture of propane and butane, including its isomer isobutane.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23101, 1622, 'At which stage of mitosis chromatids separate and pass to different poles?', '[\"Prophase\", \"Metaphase\", \"Anaphase\", \"Telophase\"]', 2, 'medium', 'During anaphase of mitosis, the sister chromatids separate at the centromere and are pulled to opposite poles of the cell by the spindle fibers.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23102, 1622, 'The digestive enzymes are present in', '[\"Peroxisomes\", \"Dictyosomes\", \"Lysosomes\", \"Ribosomes\"]', 2, 'medium', 'Lysosomes are organelles that contain a variety of hydrolytic enzymes responsible for breaking down waste materials, cellular debris, and foreign invaders.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23103, 1622, 'Phospholipid bilayer is present in', '[\"Neuron\", \"Muscles\", \"Cell membrane\", \"Blood\"]', 2, 'medium', 'The cell membrane (plasma membrane) is fundamentally composed of a phospholipid bilayer, which forms a stable barrier between the cell\'s interior and exterior.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23104, 1622, 'Golgi bodies are maximum in:', '[\"root tip cells\", \"root cap cells\", \"leaf\", \"branches\"]', 1, 'medium', 'Root cap cells are actively involved in secreting mucilage to lubricate the root tip as it pushes through soil. This high secretory activity requires a large number of Golgi bodies.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23105, 1622, 'Collagen is a:', '[\"Globular protein\", \"Fibrous protein\", \"Lipid\", \"Carbohydrate\"]', 1, 'medium', 'Collagen is the main structural protein in the extracellular matrix in various connective tissues. It is a fibrous protein, meaning it has a long, rope-like structure.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23106, 1622, '2n - 1 is an example of:', '[\"Non - disjunction of chromosomes\", \"Disjunction\", \"C - Mitosis\", \"Brachy meiosis\"]', 0, 'medium', 'The condition 2n-1, known as monosomy, is a type of aneuploidy that typically results from the non-disjunction of chromosomes during meiosis, where a pair of homologous chromosomes fails to separate.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23107, 1662, 'Pollination by wind is called', '[\"Hydrophily\", \"Anemophily\", \"Entomophily\", \"malacophily\"]', 1, 'medium', 'Anemophily is the mode of pollination where pollen is distributed by wind.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23108, 1660, 'A virus that can reproduce without killing its host is:', '[\"Lytic virus\", \"Retroactive virus\", \"Virion\", \"Temperate\"]', 3, 'medium', 'A temperate phage can undergo a lysogenic cycle, where its viral DNA integrates into the host bacterium\'s chromosome and replicates along with it without causing immediate lysis (cell death).', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23109, 1660, 'Cyanobacteria are:', '[\"Photosynthesis bacteria\", \"Chemoautotroph\", \"Nitrogen fixing bacteria\", \"BGA\"]', 3, 'medium', 'Cyanobacteria are also known as Blue-Green Algae (BGA). They are photosynthetic and some species can fix atmospheric nitrogen.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23110, 1660, 'Heterotrophic lower organism is:', '[\"Bryophytes\", \"Fungi\", \"Pteridophytes\", \"Algae\"]', 1, 'medium', 'Fungi are heterotrophic organisms that obtain nutrients by absorbing organic matter from their environment, unlike plants (bryophytes, pteridophytes, algae) which are autotrophic.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23111, 1660, '\"Sago palm\" is:', '[\"Pinus roxburghii\", \"Cycas revoluta\", \"Pinus excelsa\", \"Gnetum\"]', 1, 'medium', 'Cycas revoluta is commonly known as the Sago Palm, although it is a cycad (a gymnosperm) and not a true palm.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23112, 1618, 'Spongy and palisade mesophyll is the character of:', '[\"monocot leaf\", \"dicot leaf\", \"fern frond\", \"Pinus needle\"]', 1, 'medium', 'A characteristic feature of a dorsiventral (dicot) leaf is the differentiation of the mesophyll tissue into an upper palisade parenchyma and a lower spongy parenchyma.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23113, 1618, 'Onion stores food in', '[\"shoot\", \"stem\", \"fleshy scales\", \"roots\"]', 2, 'medium', 'The bulb of an onion is a modified underground stem where food reserves are stored in the fleshy, modified leaves known as scales.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23114, 1660, 'If the racemose is branched, it is called:', '[\"umbel\", \"panicle\", \"corymb\", \"head\"]', 1, 'medium', 'A panicle is a branched racemose inflorescence where the main axis has branched pedicels bearing flowers.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23115, 1660, 'Epipetalous and syngenesious stamens occurs in', '[\"Solanaceae\", \"Brassicaceae\", \"Liliaceae\", \"Asteraceae\"]', 3, 'medium', 'The family Asteraceae (Compositae) is characterized by having stamens that are epipetalous (fused to the petals) and syngenesious (anthers are fused into a tube).', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23116, 1662, 'Triple fusion is the characteristics of:', '[\"Angiosperms\", \"Pinus\", \"Fern\", \"Bryophyta\"]', 0, 'medium', 'Triple fusion, part of the double fertilization process, is a unique characteristic of angiosperms (flowering plants).', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23117, 1662, 'Syngamy means', '[\"Fusion of dissimilar spares\", \"Fusion of cytoplasm\", \"Fusion of similar spores\", \"Fusion of gametes\"]', 3, 'medium', 'Syngamy is the fusion of two gametes (e.g., sperm and egg) during fertilization to form a diploid zygote.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23118, 1662, 'Parthenogenesis is common in:', '[\"litchi\", \"banana\", \"apple\", \"mango\"]', 1, 'medium', 'Parthenocarpy (development of fruit without fertilization, often confused with parthenogenesis) is common in bananas, resulting in seedless fruits.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23119, 1618, 'Guard cells differ from other epidermal in having:', '[\"Mitochondria\", \"Vacuoles\", \"Cell wall\", \"Chloroplasts\"]', 3, 'medium', 'Guard cells are specialized epidermal cells that contain chloroplasts and carry out photosynthesis, unlike typical epidermal cells which lack chloroplasts.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23120, 1618, '\"Calvin cycle\" is synonymous with', '[\"$C_3$ cycle\", \"$C_4$ cycle\", \"CAM pathway\", \"Glycolate cycle\"]', 0, 'medium', 'The Calvin cycle is also known as the C₃ cycle because the first stable product of carbon fixation is a three-carbon compound (3-phosphoglycerate).', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23121, 1622, 'DNA duplication occurs in', '[\"$G_1$ Phase\", \"$G_2$ Phase\", \"S- Phase\", \"Mitotic phase\"]', 2, 'medium', 'DNA replication, or duplication, occurs during the S (Synthesis) phase of the cell cycle\'s interphase.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23122, 1661, 'The most stable ecosystem is', '[\"Forest\", \"Mountain\", \"Desert\", \"Ocean\"]', 3, 'medium', 'Oceans are considered the most stable ecosystems due to their vast size, high thermal capacity which resists temperature changes, and the stable chemical composition of saltwater.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23123, 1622, 'Which one is absent in erythrocytes?', '[\"Enzymes\", \"EMP pathway\", \"Krebs cycle\", \"Hyaloplasm\"]', 2, 'medium', 'Mature mammalian red blood cells (erythrocytes) lack mitochondria, and therefore cannot perform aerobic respiration, which includes the Krebs cycle.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23124, 1661, 'The relationship between species in which both are benefitted but not obligatory is', '[\"Mutualism\", \"Ammensalism\", \"Protocooperation\", \"Commensalism\"]', 2, 'medium', 'Protocooperation is a type of interaction where two species benefit from each other, but the relationship is not essential for their survival.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23125, 1662, 'Monoclonal antibodies are produced by', '[\"hybridoma technology\", \"Fermentation\", \"Distillation\", \"None\"]', 0, 'medium', 'Hybridoma technology involves fusing antibody-producing B-cells with myeloma (cancer) cells to create hybrid cell lines (hybridomas) that produce large quantities of a specific monoclonal antibody.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23126, 1661, 'Acacia arabica is:', '[\"hydrophyte\", \"xerophytes\", \"mesophyte\", \"none of these\"]', 1, 'medium', 'Acacia arabica (Babul) is a xerophyte, a plant adapted to survive in environments with little liquid water, such as deserts.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23127, 1662, 'Vaccines produced synthetically are:', '[\"$1^{st}$ generation\", \"$2^{nd}$ generation\", \"$3^{rd}$ generation\", \"$4^{th}$ generation\"]', 2, 'medium', 'Third-generation vaccines are those developed using recombinant DNA technology to produce synthetic antigens or nucleic acid (DNA/RNA) vaccines.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23128, 1660, '\"Sac fungi\" belongs to:', '[\"Ascomycetes\", \"Basidiomycetes\", \"Deuteromycetes\", \"Phycomycetes\"]', 0, 'medium', 'Ascomycetes are commonly known as sac fungi because they produce their sexual spores (ascospores) in a characteristic sac-like structure called an ascus.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23129, 1660, 'Plants forming spores but lacking seed and vascular tissue are:', '[\"Gymnosperm\", \"Angiosperm\", \"Bryophytes\", \"Pteridophytes\"]', 2, 'medium', 'Bryophytes (mosses, liverworts) reproduce by spores and lack true vascular tissues (xylem and phloem) as well as seeds.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23130, 1660, 'The prothallus of Dryopteris is:', '[\"Monoecious and protandrous\", \"Dioecious\", \"Monoecious and dioecious\", \"None\"]', 0, 'medium', 'The prothallus (gametophyte) of the fern Dryopteris is monoecious, bearing both male (antheridia) and female (archegonia) organs. It is also protandrous, as antheridia usually mature first.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23131, 1660, 'According to Bentham & Hooker system of classification, Gymnosperm is placed', '[\"After dicot\", \"Before monocot\", \"Between monocot & dicot\", \"Excluded from angiosperms\"]', 2, 'medium', 'A major drawback of the Bentham and Hooker system is that it places Gymnosperms between the Dicotyledons and Monocotyledons.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23132, 1622, 'Initiation codon in protein synthesis is:', '[\"UAG\", \"AUG\", \"UAA\", \"AGC\"]', 1, 'medium', 'The start codon for protein synthesis is typically AUG, which codes for the amino acid methionine.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23133, 1618, 'Light reaction in photosynthesis occurs in', '[\"Grana of chloroplast\", \"Stroma of chloroplast\", \"Bundle sheath\", \"None\"]', 0, 'medium', 'The light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis take place in the thylakoid membranes, which are organized into stacks called grana within the chloroplast.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23134, 1618, 'The connecting link between Glycolysis and Krebs cycle (TCA) cycle is :', '[\"Acetyl CoA\", \"Oxaloacetic acid\", \"Pyruvic acid\", \"Citric acid\"]', 0, 'medium', 'Pyruvate from glycolysis is converted into Acetyl-CoA through oxidative decarboxylation, and it is Acetyl-CoA that enters the Krebs cycle.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23135, 1618, 'Increase in concentration of CO2 around leaf results in:', '[\"Rapid opening of stomata\", \"Rapid closure of stomata\", \"Partial closure of stomata\", \"No effect on stomatal opening\"]', 2, 'medium', 'High concentrations of CO2 inside the leaf signal that the plant has sufficient carbon for photosynthesis, leading to the partial closure of stomata to conserve water.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23136, 1661, 'High amount of Escherichia coli in water is an indicator of:', '[\"hardness of water\", \"sewage pollution\", \"industrial pollution\", \"pesticide pollution\"]', 1, 'medium', 'E. coli is a bacterium found in the intestines of warm-blooded animals. Its presence in water is a strong indicator of recent fecal contamination and the potential presence of other pathogens.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23137, 1662, 'The number of chromosomes in pollen grains of pinus is 6. The chromosome number in its endosperm will be:', '[\"6\", \"12\", \"18\", \"36\"]', 0, 'medium', 'In gymnosperms like Pinus, the pollen grain (male gametophyte) is haploid (n). The endosperm is also part of the female gametophyte and develops before fertilization, so it is also haploid (n). Thus, it will have 6 chromosomes.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23138, 1662, 'All most all pharmaceutical products produced by DNA technology are:', '[\"Protein\", \"Hormones\", \"Antibiotics\", \"Alcohol\"]', 0, 'medium', 'Recombinant DNA technology is primarily used to instruct host organisms (like bacteria) to synthesize specific proteins, such as insulin, growth hormone, and interferons.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23139, 1622, 'The chemical knives of DNA are', '[\"Ligases\", \"Polymerases\", \"Endonucleases\", \"Transcriptases\"]', 2, 'medium', 'Restriction endonucleases, often called \"chemical knives\" or \"molecular scissors,\" are enzymes that cut DNA at specific recognition sites.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23140, 1622, 'Protein factory of cell is known as', '[\"Mitochondria\", \"Lysosome\", \"Ribosome\", \"Chloroplast\"]', 2, 'medium', 'Ribosomes are the cellular organelles responsible for synthesizing proteins by translating the genetic code from messenger RNA.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23141, 1651, 'Similarity between amoeba and WBC is in:', '[\"Pseudopodia\", \"Contractile vacuole\", \"Encystment\", \"All\"]', 0, 'medium', 'White blood cells, particularly neutrophils and macrophages, exhibit amoeboid movement using pseudopodia to engulf pathogens, similar to how an Amoeba moves and feeds.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23142, 1651, 'What happens when amoeba is placed in marine water?', '[\"Body shrink\", \"CV disappear\", \"Dies out\", \"All\"]', 3, 'medium', 'Marine water is hypertonic to the Amoeba\'s cytoplasm. This causes water to leave the cell via osmosis, making it shrink. The contractile vacuole, used for expelling excess water in a hypotonic environment, would disappear and the severe dehydration would cause it to die.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23143, 1653, 'Faecal matter of infected human being contains:', '[\"Capsules only\", \"Gravid proglottid of tapeworm only\", \"Fertilized eggs only\", \"None of above\"]', 1, 'medium', 'In a tapeworm infection, the mature, egg-filled segments called gravid proglottids detach from the worm and are passed out with the host\'s feces.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23144, 1651, 'The eggs of cockroach is:', '[\"Isolecithal\", \"Telolecithal\", \"Microlecithal\", \"Centrolecithal\"]', 3, 'medium', 'Insect eggs, including those of the cockroach, are typically centrolecithal, meaning the yolk is concentrated in the center of the egg cell.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23145, 1651, 'Evisceration is found in', '[\"Echinodermata\", \"Annelida\", \"Coelenterata\", \"Chordate\"]', 0, 'medium', 'Evisceration, the expulsion of internal organs as a defense mechanism, is a characteristic behavior found in some echinoderms, particularly sea cucumbers.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23146, 1651, 'All the mammals:', '[\"Possesses seven cervical vertebrae\", \"Are viviparous\", \"Nourish young one with milk\", \"Are homodont\"]', 2, 'medium', 'A defining characteristic of all mammals is the presence of mammary glands, which are used to produce milk to nourish their young.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23147, 1651, 'The cilia in Paramecium are', '[\"All equal\", \"All unequal\", \"Longer at posterior end\", \"Longer at anterior end\"]', 2, 'medium', 'In Paramecium caudatum, the cilia are mostly uniform in length, but there is a distinct tuft of longer cilia at the posterior end, known as the caudal tuft.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23148, 1615, 'Which is correct statement?', '[\"Clitellum surrounds segments 14 to 16\", \"Ventral surface of 18th segment has male genital apertures\", \"Ventral surface of 14th segment has female genital apertures\", \"All of the above\"]', 3, 'medium', 'All three statements are correct descriptions of the external morphology of the earthworm (Pheretima).', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23149, 1616, 'Pollex is absent in', '[\"Frog\", \"Man\", \"Rabbit\", \"both a and c\"]', 0, 'medium', 'The pollex is the thumb or the first digit of the forelimb in tetrapods. Frogs lack a true thumb.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23150, 1602, 'Which is not a function of liver?', '[\"Synthesis of protein from amino acids\", \"Conversion of glucose to glycogen\", \"Storage of glycogen\", \"Secretion of Insulin\"]', 3, 'medium', 'Insulin is a hormone secreted by the beta cells of the pancreas, not the liver. The liver is involved in protein synthesis, and glycogen storage and synthesis.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23151, 1602, 'Absorption of iron is enhanced by', '[\"Calcium\", \"Vitamin C\", \"Vitamin D\", \"All of the above\"]', 1, 'medium', 'Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) enhances the absorption of non-heme iron from plant-based foods by converting it from the ferric ($Fe^{3+}$) to the more soluble ferrous ($Fe^{2+}$) form.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23152, 1600, 'Vital capacity of man is', '[\"4000-4800 ml\", \"1000 ml\", \"5800-6000 ml\", \"2000-2500 ml\"]', 0, 'medium', 'Vital capacity (VC) is the maximum amount of air a person can expel from the lungs after a maximum inhalation. In a healthy adult male, it is typically in the range of 4000-4800 ml.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23153, 1603, 'All the arteries carry oxygenated blood. But which of the following artery, carry deoxygenated blood?', '[\"Phrenic\", \"Renal\", \"Pudendal\", \"Pulmonary\"]', 3, 'medium', 'The pulmonary artery is the only artery that carries deoxygenated blood, transporting it from the right ventricle of the heart to the lungs.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23154, 1605, 'Urination becomes voluntary when urine comes in', '[\"Pelvis\", \"Ureter\", \"Urinary bladder\", \"Urethra\"]', 2, 'medium', 'As the urinary bladder fills with urine, stretch receptors in its wall send signals to the brain, creating the urge to urinate. The conscious control over the external urethral sphincter makes urination a voluntary act.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23155, 1606, 'Neurons and Brains develops from', '[\"Endoderm\", \"Mesoderm\", \"Ectoderm\", \"Ectoderm & endoderm\"]', 2, 'medium', 'The entire nervous system, including the brain and neurons, develops from the embryonic ectoderm during a process called neurulation.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23156, 1610, 'Leydig cells are present in:', '[\"Ventricles of heart\", \"Ventricle of brain\", \"Connective tissue of testes\", \"Bartholin\'s gland\"]', 2, 'medium', 'Leydig cells, also known as interstitial cells, are located in the connective tissue between the seminiferous tubules of the testes and are responsible for producing testosterone.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23157, 1608, 'Ora-serrata is a part of:', '[\"Cornea\", \"Sclera\", \"Retina\", \"Conjunctiva\"]', 2, 'medium', 'The ora serrata is the serrated junction between the retina and the ciliary body, marking the transition from the simple, non-photosensitive area of the retina to the complex, multi-layered photosensitive region.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23158, 1611, 'All are true in typhoid except:', '[\"Typical continuous fever for 3-4 weeks\", \"Can perforate the small intestine\", \"Shows leucocytosis\", \"Is associated with bacteria\"]', 2, 'medium', 'Typhoid fever is typically associated with leukopenia (a decrease in white blood cells), not leucocytosis (an increase in white blood cells).', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23159, 1611, 'Spreading of cancerous cells to distant places is', '[\"Malignancy\", \"Mutations\", \"Metastasis\", \"Benign tumor\"]', 2, 'medium', 'Metastasis is the process by which cancer cells break away from the primary tumor and spread to other parts of the body through the bloodstream or lymphatic system.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23160, 1600, 'Axis vertebrae differ from atlas in having:', '[\"Odontoid process\", \"Olecranon process\", \"Metacromian process\", \"Cnemial Crest\"]', 0, 'medium', 'The axis (C2 vertebra) is distinguished from the atlas (C1 vertebra) by the presence of the dens, or odontoid process, which projects superiorly and allows for head rotation.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23161, 1651, 'Which of the following is a gastropod?', '[\"Clam\", \"Cuttle fish\", \"Slug\", \"Mussel\"]', 2, 'medium', 'Slugs are members of the class Gastropoda, which also includes snails. Clams and mussels are bivalves, and cuttlefish are cephalopods.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23162, 1609, 'Which of the following gland secretes the both exocrine as well as endocrine secretions?', '[\"Pancreas\", \"Thymus\", \"Parathyroid\", \"Growth hormone\"]', 0, 'medium', 'The pancreas is a heterocrine gland, having both exocrine functions (secreting digestive enzymes) and endocrine functions (secreting hormones like insulin and glucagon).', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23163, 1604, 'Formation of RBC in adult human occurs in:', '[\"Bone marrow\", \"Liver\", \"Spleen\", \"Yolk sac\"]', 0, 'medium', 'In adults, the primary site of erythropoiesis (red blood cell formation) is the red bone marrow, particularly in the flat bones and the ends of long bones.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23164, 1609, 'At the time of interview, the heart beat becomes faster due to', '[\"Release of adrenalin\", \"Hypersecretion of renin\", \"Release of ADH\", \"Release of corticoids\"]', 0, 'medium', 'During stressful situations like an interview, the sympathetic nervous system stimulates the adrenal glands to release adrenaline (epinephrine), which increases heart rate and blood pressure.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23165, 1600, 'Mammalian bone is different from cartilage in having:', '[\"Collagen fibres\", \"Blood vessels\", \"Lymph vessels\", \"Haversian canal\"]', 3, 'medium', 'Compact bone in mammals is characterized by the presence of Haversian systems (osteons), which are cylindrical structures containing a central Haversian canal that houses blood vessels and nerves.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23166, 1609, 'Osteoblast is activated by', '[\"Parathormone\", \"Calcitonin\", \"Thyroxine\", \"Thyro iodine\"]', 0, 'medium', 'Parathyroid hormone (parathormone) stimulates osteoclast activity to release calcium from bones, but it also indirectly stimulates osteoblast activity as part of bone remodeling.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23167, 1652, 'What do you understand by scansorial adaptation?', '[\"Burrowing life\", \"Swimming life\", \"Climbing life\", \"Flying life\"]', 2, 'medium', 'Scansorial adaptation refers to adaptations for a climbing lifestyle, such as sharp claws, prehensile tails, or adhesive pads.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23168, 1650, 'Java man was discovered by', '[\"Eugene Dubois\", \"Fulhrot\", \"Leakey\", \"Mac-Gregor\"]', 0, 'medium', 'The Dutch paleoanthropologist Eugène Dubois discovered the first fossils of Homo erectus, known as \"Java Man,\" in Indonesia in the early 1890s.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23169, 1650, 'In frog, yolk plug is formed during:', '[\"Blastulation\", \"Emboly\", \"Epiboly\", \"Rotation\"]', 1, 'medium', 'During gastrulation in amphibians, the yolk plug is a mass of yolky endodermal cells that remains visible in the blastopore as the outer layers of cells (epiboly) grow over it.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23170, 1600, 'An example of homeostasis is', '[\"Learning and memory\", \"Drinking water\", \"Respond to dim light\", \"Thermoregulation\"]', 3, 'medium', 'Homeostasis is the maintenance of a stable internal environment. Thermoregulation, the process of maintaining a constant body temperature, is a key example.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23171, 1651, 'Which one belongs to Dipnoi?', '[\"Lung fish\", \"Cat fish\", \"Rat fish\", \"Star fish\"]', 0, 'medium', 'Dipnoi is the subclass of sarcopterygian (lobe-finned) fishes that contains the lungfishes.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23172, 1650, 'Which is likely to have been absent in free form at the time of origin of life', '[\"$CH_4$\", \"$NH_3$\", \"$H_2$\", \"$O_2$\"]', 3, 'medium', 'The early Earth\'s atmosphere was reducing, meaning it lacked free oxygen ($O_2$). Oxygen was only introduced in significant quantities later, as a byproduct of photosynthesis by cyanobacteria.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23173, 1653, 'Infective stage of Plasmodium is:', '[\"Sporozoite\", \"Trophozoite\", \"Merozoite\", \"Gametocyte\"]', 0, 'medium', 'The infective stage of the Plasmodium parasite for humans is the sporozoite, which is injected into the bloodstream by an infected Anopheles mosquito.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23174, 1650, 'What is the true name given to the process in which human kind is improved by application of genetics?', '[\"Euphenics\", \"Euthenics\", \"Eugenics\", \"Genetics\"]', 2, 'medium', 'Eugenics is the study of or belief in the possibility of improving the qualities of the human population by such means as discouraging reproduction by persons with genetic defects or encouraging reproduction by persons with inheritable desirable traits.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23175, 1652, 'Anadromous migration is shown by', '[\"Salmon\", \"Anguilla\", \"Shark\", \"Whale\"]', 0, 'medium', 'Anadromous fish, like salmon, are born in freshwater, migrate to the ocean to grow, and then return to freshwater to spawn.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23176, 1615, 'In earthworm, ovary is situated in segment', '[\"$9/10$\", \"$12/13$\", \"$13/14$\", \"26/27\"]', 1, 'medium', 'In the earthworm, a pair of ovaries is located in the 13th segment, attached to the intersegmental septum of 12/13.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23177, 1615, 'Chloragogen cells of earthworms are analogous to vertebrate:', '[\"Lungs\", \"Liver\", \"Heart\", \"Kidneys\"]', 1, 'medium', 'Chloragogen cells, which surround the earthworm\'s intestine, have functions analogous to the vertebrate liver, including glycogen and fat synthesis and detoxification.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23178, 1616, 'Eggs of frog are', '[\"Telolecithal\", \"Isolecithal\", \"Megalecithal\", \"Alecithal\"]', 0, 'medium', 'Frog eggs are mesolecithal and telolecithal, meaning they have a moderate amount of yolk that is concentrated at one pole (the vegetal pole).', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23179, 1616, 'In frog, each cardiac cycle takes', '[\"0.8 second\", \"1.0 second\", \"0.94 second\", \"0.5 second\"]', 2, 'medium', 'The cardiac cycle in a frog is slower than in humans, typically taking around 0.94 seconds to complete at rest.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23180, 1611, 'Antibodies are secreted by:', '[\"B-lymphocytes\", \"Monocytes\", \"Plasma cells\", \"T-lymphocytes\"]', 2, 'medium', 'Upon activation by an antigen, B-lymphocytes differentiate into plasma cells, which are specialized cells that produce and secrete large quantities of antibodies.', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', '2025-09-07 03:20:19', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23181, 532, 'First and second letters, third and fourth letters and so on are interchanged. Which letter will be the 18th letter in that order?', '[\"R\", \"P\", \"Q\", \"M\"]', 2, 'medium', 'The 18th letter in the alphabet is R. In the new order, letters are swapped in pairs (BA, DC, FE...). The 18th position is occupied by the original 17th letter, which is Q.', '2025-09-07 03:22:36', '2025-09-07 03:22:36', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23182, 531, 'A person was died in 1955. He lived together with his son around 120 yrs. When was his son born?', '[\"1820\", \"1835\", \"1845\", \"1825\"]', 1, 'medium', 'Let the father\'s age at death be F and the son\'s age be S. F+S = 120. Let the son be born in year Y. The father was born in 1955-F. The son was born in 1955-S. Father\'s birth year must be before son\'s. This problem is ambiguous. Assuming it means the sum of their ages in 1955 was 120. Let father\'s age be x, son\'s age is 120-x. Son was born in 1955-(120-x) = x-65. This doesn\'t give a unique answer. The intended logic might be flawed, but option 1835 implies the son was 120 in 1955, which is impossible.', '2025-09-07 03:22:36', '2025-09-07 03:22:36', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23183, 533, 'Rotate the figure and find out the possible orientation from given figure.', '[\"A\", \"B\", \"C\", \"D\"]', 1, 'medium', 'The original figure is a right-angled triangle with a small vertical line at the top corner. Option (B) represents a simple rotation of this figure to the left.', '2025-09-07 03:22:36', '2025-09-07 03:22:36', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23184, 532, 'Find the missing number in the sequence: 8 -> 8 -> 16 -> 48 -> 16 -> 32 -> 64 -> ?', '[\"84\", \"128\", \"144\", \"26\"]', 1, 'medium', 'The pattern appears to be a mix of multiplication: 8x1=8, 8x2=16, 16x3=48. Then it resets. 16x1=16 (error in PDF, should be 16), 16x2=32, 32x2=64. The pattern is inconsistent. Let\'s try another way: 8, 8, 16, 48, 16... The numbers are powers of 2 with multipliers. The sequence seems flawed. If we assume the second part is 16, 32, 64, then the next term would be 128 (multiplying by 2).', '2025-09-07 03:22:36', '2025-09-07 03:22:36', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23185, 531, 'If A and B represent distinct digits in this addition problem (ABA + 8B = 211), what is the value of A?', '[\"9\", \"7\", \"2\", \"5\"]', 2, 'medium', 'The question as written (ABA + 8B = 211) is likely a typo and cannot be solved. Assuming a typo where the problem is `1BA + 8B = 211`. In the units column, A+B must end in 1. In the tens column, B+8 (+carry) must end in 1. If B=2, then 2+8+1(carry)=11. So B=2. Then A+2 must end in 1, so A=9. Check: 192+82 = 274. This fails. The question seems unsolvable. Based on the provided answer key, the intended question is different.', '2025-09-07 03:22:36', '2025-09-07 03:22:36', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23186, 531, 'If A and B represent distinct digits in this correctly worked multiplication problem (6AA x 8 = 50B4), what is the value of B?', '[\"0\", \"3\", \"5\", \"6\"]', 3, 'medium', 'In the units column, A x 8 must end in a 4. This means A can be 3 ($3 \\times 8 = 24$) or A can be 8 ($8 \\times 8 = 64$). Case 1: If A=3. The multiplication is $633 \\times 8$. $3 \\times 8 = 24$ (4, carry 2). $3 \\times 8 + 2 = 26$ (B=6, carry 2). $6 \\times 8 + 2 = 50$. This gives 5064. So A=3 and B=6. This is a valid solution. Case 2: If A=8. The multiplication is $688 \\times 8$. $8 \\times 8 = 64$ (4, carry 6). $8 \\times 8 + 6 = 70$ (B=0, carry 7). $6 \\times 8 + 7 = 55$. This gives 5504. This doesn\'t match the 50B4 pattern. So, the only solution is A=3, B=6.', '2025-09-07 03:22:36', '2025-09-07 03:22:36', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23187, 533, 'I am facing east. I turn 100° in the clockwise direction and then 145° in the anti clockwise direction. Which direction am I facing now?', '[\"East\", \"North-east\", \"North\", \"South-west\"]', 1, 'medium', 'Starting at East (0°). Turning 100° clockwise puts you at -100° (or South-East). From there, turning 145° anti-clockwise is adding 145°. Final direction = -100° + 145° = +45°. This is North-East.', '2025-09-07 03:22:36', '2025-09-07 03:22:36', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23188, 530, 'Daksh is taller than Manick but not as tall as Rohan. Somesh is shorter than Daksh but taller than Farhan. Who among them is the shortest?', '[\"Daksh\", \"Manick\", \"Farhan\", \"Cannot be determined\"]', 3, 'medium', 'From the statements: Rohan > Daksh > Manick. Also, Daksh > Somesh > Farhan. We cannot determine the relative height of Manick and Farhan. Therefore, who is the shortest cannot be determined.', '2025-09-07 03:22:36', '2025-09-07 03:22:36', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23189, 530, 'Mango: Fruit :: Potato:?', '[\"Root\", \"Fruit\", \"Stem\", \"Flower\"]', 2, 'medium', 'The relationship is specific item to its biological category. A mango is a type of fruit. A potato is a type of modified stem (a tuber).', '2025-09-07 03:22:36', '2025-09-07 03:22:36', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23190, 531, 'If \'<\' means \'minus\', \'>\' means \'plus\', \'=\' means \'multiplied by\' and \'$\' means \'divided by\', then what would be the value of 27>81$9<6?', '[\"6\", \"33\", \"36\", \"30\"]', 3, 'medium', 'Substituting the symbols: $27 + 81 \\div 9 - 6$. Following order of operations (division first): $27 + 9 - 6 = 36 - 6 = 30$.', '2025-09-07 03:22:36', '2025-09-07 03:22:36', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23191, 533, 'Select from the alternatives, the box that can be formed by folding the sheet shown in figure (X):', '[\"A, B and D only\", \"A, B and C only\", \"B only\", \"B and D only\"]', 2, 'medium', 'When the net is folded, the shaded face is opposite the dotted face. Therefore, boxes A and C, which show these two faces adjacent, are impossible. Boxes B and D are possible arrangements.', '2025-09-07 03:22:36', '2025-09-07 03:22:36', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23192, 530, 'Cock Robin was killed. Of 4 suspects, only one is telling the truth. Hawk said Owl did it. Hawk also said Sparrow is lying. Sparrow said Hawk did it. Eagle said \"not me\". Who killed Cock Robin?', '[\"Sparrow\", \"Owl\", \"Hawk\", \"Eagle\"]', 3, 'medium', 'Let\'s test each possibility of who is telling the truth. Case 1: Hawk\'s statement \"the owl did it\" is true. Then Sparrow\'s statement \"the hawk did it\" is false. Eagle\'s statement \"not me\" is false (meaning Eagle did it). This is a contradiction. Case 2: Hawk\'s statement \"Sparrow is lying\" is true. This means Sparrow\'s claim \"Hawk did it\" is false. So Hawk is innocent. Hawk\'s other statement \"the owl did it\" must be false. So Owl is innocent. Eagle\'s statement \"not me\" must be false. This means Eagle is the killer. This scenario is consistent.', '2025-09-07 03:22:36', '2025-09-07 03:22:36', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23193, 533, 'Which of the following patterns when folded will make the cube shown?', '[\"a\", \"b\", \"c\", \"d\"]', 0, 'medium', 'The shown cube has faces M, N, and O adjacent to each other around a corner. Pattern (a) correctly places these three faces so that they can meet at a single vertex when folded.', '2025-09-07 03:22:36', '2025-09-07 03:22:36', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23194, 530, 'Macrosome: Microsome :: Body: ?', '[\"Gene\", \"Centrosome\", \"Cell\", \"Chromosome\"]', 2, 'medium', 'The relationship is large unit to small unit. A macrosome is a large subcellular particle, a microsome is a smaller one. A body is a large biological unit, a cell is a smaller unit that makes up the body.', '2025-09-07 03:22:36', '2025-09-07 03:22:36', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23195, 532, 'Pick odd one out: 29, 37, 43, 51, 67', '[\"29\", \"37\", \"43\", \"51\"]', 3, 'medium', 'All numbers in the list are prime numbers except for 51, which is divisible by 3 and 17 ($3 \\times 17 = 51$).', '2025-09-07 03:22:36', '2025-09-07 03:22:36', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23196, 533, 'Find the out of place figure:', '[\"(a)\", \"(b)\", \"(c)\", \"(d)\"]', 2, 'medium', 'Figures a, b, and d are polygons with 3, 5, and 6 sides respectively. Figure c is a non-polygon shape, making it the odd one out.', '2025-09-07 03:22:36', '2025-09-07 03:22:36', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23197, 532, 'What comes next in the sequence? 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, ?', '[\"24\", \"32\", \"30\", \"40\"]', 1, 'medium', 'This is a geometric progression where each term is multiplied by 2 to get the next term. So, the next number is $16 \\times 2 = 32$.', '2025-09-07 03:22:36', '2025-09-07 03:22:36', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23198, 533, '\"A\" is 40m south-west of \"B\". \"C\" is 40m south-east of \"B\". then \"C\" is in which direction of \"A\"?', '[\"East\", \"West\", \"North-east\", \"South\"]', 0, 'medium', 'If B is the origin, A is at coordinates (-40, -40) relative to B (assuming SW is third quadrant). C is at (40, -40) relative to B. From A\'s perspective, C is at a much larger x-coordinate and the same y-coordinate. Therefore, C is directly to the East of A.', '2025-09-07 03:22:36', '2025-09-07 03:22:36', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23199, 530, 'Which of the following words will come fourth in the English Dictionary?', '[\"False\", \"Follow\", \"Faithfully\", \"Fallible\"]', 1, 'medium', 'Arranging the words alphabetically: Faithfully, Fallible, False, Follow. The fourth word in the list is \"Follow\".', '2025-09-07 03:22:36', '2025-09-07 03:22:36', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23200, 532, 'Complete the series: Z, U, Q, ?, L', '[\"I\", \"K\", \"M\", \"N\"]', 3, 'medium', 'The letters are in reverse alphabetical order with an increasing gap between them: Z(-5)U(-4)Q(-3)N(-2)L. The missing letter is N.', '2025-09-07 03:22:36', '2025-09-07 03:22:36', 1, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL),
(23201, 65, '**प्रश्न:** \'पृथ्वीको अन्तिम मानिस\' कथाका लेखक को हुन्?', '[\"विश्वेश्वरप्रसाद कोइराला\",\"बालकृष्ण सम\",\"लक्ष्मीनारायण प्याकुरेल\",\"मोहन कोइराला\"]', 2, 'all', '**उत्तर:** \'पृथ्वीको अन्तिम मानिस\' कथा लक्ष्मीनारायण प्याकुरेलले लेखेका हुन्। यो कथाले एक्लोपन र मानव अस्तित्वको खोजी जस्ता गम्भीर विषयलाई समेटेको छ।', '2025-10-16 05:42:25', '2025-10-16 05:42:25', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"7f6d21ca-8fe7-4948-b492-c86cdd2d7138\", \"topic_focus\": \"\\u0928\\u0947\\u092a\\u093e\\u0932\\u0940 - \\u0915\\u0925\\u093e \\u0938\\u093e\\u0939\\u093f\\u0924\\u094d\\u092f (Grade 8)\", \"generated_at\": \"2025-10-16T11:27:25.051086\", \"model_used\": \"geminisearch\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'geminisearch'),
(23202, 66, '**Question:** What is the main function of an operating system?', '[\"To run web browsers\",\"To manage hardware resources and provide services for applications\",\"To create documents\",\"To play games\"]', 1, 'all', '**Answer:** The operating system acts as an intermediary between the user/applications and the computer hardware, managing resources like CPU, memory, and I/O devices, and providing a platform for applications to run.', '2025-10-16 05:42:25', '2025-10-16 05:42:25', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"7f6d21ca-8fe7-4948-b492-c86cdd2d7138\", \"topic_focus\": \"Computer Science - Operating Systems (Grade 8)\", \"generated_at\": \"2025-10-16T11:27:25.055212\", \"model_used\": \"geminisearch\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'geminisearch'),
(23203, 67, '**प्रश्न:** \'भृकुटी\' शब्दको अर्थ के हो?', '[\"चम्किलो अनुहार\",\"क्रोधित अनुहार\",\"खुसी अनुहार\",\"दुःखी अनुहार\"]', 0, 'all', '**उत्तर:** \'भृकुटी\' शब्दको अर्थ \'चम्किलो\' वा \'तेजस्वी\' अनुहार हो। यो शब्द विशेष गरी देवीदेवता वा महत्वपूर्ण व्यक्तित्वहरूको अनुहारको सौन्दर्य वर्णन गर्न प्रयोग गरिन्छ।', '2025-10-16 05:42:25', '2025-10-16 05:42:25', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"7f6d21ca-8fe7-4948-b492-c86cdd2d7138\", \"topic_focus\": \"\\u0935\\u094d\\u092f\\u093e\\u0915\\u0930\\u0923 \\u0935\\u093f\\u0936\\u094d\\u0932\\u0947\\u0937\\u0923 (Grade 8)\", \"generated_at\": \"2025-10-16T11:27:25.055394\", \"model_used\": \"geminisearch\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'geminisearch'),
(23204, 68, '**Question:** If $x$ is a rational number such that $x = rac{3}{4}$, which of the following is also a rational number?', '[\"$qrt{2}$\",\"$i$\",\"$x+1$\",\"$e$\"]', 2, 'all', '**Answer:** Rational numbers are numbers that can be expressed as a fraction $rac{p}{q}$ where $p$ and $q$ are integers and $q \neq 0$. The sum of two rational numbers is always a rational number. Thus, $x+1 = rac{3}{4} + 1 = rac{7}{4}$, which is rational. $qrt{2}$, $i$, and $e$ are irrational numbers.', '2025-10-16 05:42:25', '2025-10-16 05:42:25', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"7f6d21ca-8fe7-4948-b492-c86cdd2d7138\", \"topic_focus\": \"Mathematics - Rational Numbers (Grade 8)\", \"generated_at\": \"2025-10-16T11:27:25.055522\", \"model_used\": \"geminisearch\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'geminisearch'),
(23205, 69, '**Question:** Which literary device is used when a seemingly harmless or trivial event is described to foreshadow a significant or disastrous event?', '[\"Irony\",\"Foreshadowing\",\"Metaphor\",\"Personification\"]', 1, 'all', '**Answer:** **Foreshadowing** is a literary device where the author hints at events to come. This can be done subtly through seemingly minor details or events, creating suspense and preparing the reader for future developments.', '2025-10-16 05:42:25', '2025-10-16 05:42:25', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"7f6d21ca-8fe7-4948-b492-c86cdd2d7138\", \"topic_focus\": \"Advanced Literature (Grade 8)\", \"generated_at\": \"2025-10-16T11:27:25.056556\", \"model_used\": \"geminisearch\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'geminisearch'),
(23206, 70, '**प्रश्न:** \'हाम्रो समाज कस्तो हुनुपर्छ?\' भन्ने विषयमा निबन्ध लेख्दा व्यक्तिको **सामाजिक उत्तरदायित्व** कसरी वर्णन गर्न सकिन्छ?', '[\"व्यक्तिले केवल आफ्नो स्वार्थमा मात्र ध्यान दिनुपर्छ।\",\"व्यक्तिले समाजका नियमहरू पालना गरी असल नागरिक बन्नुपर्छ।\",\"व्यक्तिले अरूको भावनाको कदर नगरी आफ्नो मात्र हेर्नुपर्छ।\",\"व्यक्तिले कुनै पनि सामाजिक कार्यमा भाग लिनु पर्दैन।\"]', 1, 'all', '**उत्तर:** निबन्धमा व्यक्तिको सामाजिक उत्तरदायित्व वर्णन गर्दा, उसले समाजका नियमहरू पालना गर्ने, अरूको अधिकारको सम्मान गर्ने र समाजको विकासमा सकारात्मक योगदान पुर्याउने जस्ता पक्षहरू उल्लेख गर्नुपर्छ। यो नै एक असल नागरिकको भूमिका हो।', '2025-10-16 05:42:25', '2025-10-16 05:42:25', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"7f6d21ca-8fe7-4948-b492-c86cdd2d7138\", \"topic_focus\": \"\\u0930\\u091a\\u0928\\u093e \\u0930 \\u0905\\u092d\\u093f\\u0935\\u094d\\u092f\\u0915\\u094d\\u0924\\u093f (Grade 8)\", \"generated_at\": \"2025-10-16T11:27:25.056700\", \"model_used\": \"geminisearch\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'geminisearch'),
(23207, 71, '**Question:** In the context of Business Studies, what does the term \'**SWOT**\' analysis stand for?', '[\"Sales, Wealth, Opportunities, Threats\",\"Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats\",\"Service, Work, Operations, Teamwork\",\"Strategy, Willingness, Objectives, Tactics\"]', 1, 'all', '**Answer:** **SWOT** analysis is a strategic planning technique used to help a person or organization identify **S**trengths, **W**eaknesses, **O**pportunities, and **T**hreats related to business competition or project planning. It is a framework for evaluating these factors.', '2025-10-16 05:42:25', '2025-10-16 05:42:25', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"7f6d21ca-8fe7-4948-b492-c86cdd2d7138\", \"topic_focus\": \"Business Studies (Grade 11 Management Stream)\", \"generated_at\": \"2025-10-16T11:27:25.056835\", \"model_used\": \"geminisearch\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'geminisearch'),
(23208, 72, '**Question:** What is the primary purpose of a **trial balance** in accounting?', '[\"To record daily transactions\",\"To prepare a company\'s income statement\",\"To verify the arithmetic accuracy of the ledger accounts\",\"To calculate depreciation\"]', 2, 'all', '**Answer:** A **trial balance** is a list of all the general ledger accounts contained in the ledger of a business. Its primary purpose is to ensure that the total of all debit balances equals the total of all credit balances, thereby verifying the arithmetic accuracy of the double-entry bookkeeping.', '2025-10-16 05:42:25', '2025-10-16 05:42:25', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"7f6d21ca-8fe7-4948-b492-c86cdd2d7138\", \"topic_focus\": \"Accountancy (Grade 11 Management Stream)\", \"generated_at\": \"2025-10-16T11:27:25.056944\", \"model_used\": \"geminisearch\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'geminisearch');
INSERT INTO `questions` (`id`, `topic_id`, `question_text`, `options`, `correct_answer_index`, `difficulty`, `explanation`, `created_at`, `updated_at`, `marks`, `is_ai_generated`, `ai_metadata`, `user_id`, `ai_model`) VALUES
(23209, 73, '**प्रश्न:** \'वडापत्र\' (Pamphlet) बाट सूचना सम्प्रेषण गर्दा कुन **भाषिक सीप** बढी प्रयोग हुन्छ?', '[\"श्रवण सीप\",\"वाचन सीप\",\"लेखन सीप\",\"भाषण सीप\"]', 2, 'all', '**उत्तर:** वडापत्रमा सूचना लेख्दा र तयार गर्दा **लेखन सीप**को प्रमुख प्रयोग हुन्छ। यसका अतिरिक्त, प्रभावकारी सूचनाका लागि संक्षिप्त र स्पष्ट भाषाको प्रयोग गर्ने सीप पनि आवश्यक पर्छ।', '2025-10-16 05:42:25', '2025-10-16 05:42:25', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"7f6d21ca-8fe7-4948-b492-c86cdd2d7138\", \"topic_focus\": \"\\u092d\\u093e\\u0937\\u093f\\u0915 \\u0938\\u0940\\u092a (Grade 8)\", \"generated_at\": \"2025-10-16T11:27:25.057049\", \"model_used\": \"geminisearch\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'geminisearch'),
(23210, 74, '**Question:** In linear equations, what does the **slope** of a line represent?', '[\"The y-intercept\",\"The x-intercept\",\"The rate of change of y with respect to x\",\"The total number of points on the line\"]', 2, 'all', '**Answer:** The **slope** of a line, often denoted by $m$, represents how steep the line is and in which direction it slants. It is defined as the ratio of the vertical change (rise) to the horizontal change (run) between any two distinct points on the line. Mathematically, for two points $(x_1, y_1)$ and $(x_2, y_2)$, the slope is $m = rac{y_2 - y_1}{x_2 - x_1}$.', '2025-10-16 05:42:25', '2025-10-16 05:42:25', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"7f6d21ca-8fe7-4948-b492-c86cdd2d7138\", \"topic_focus\": \"Mathematics - Linear Equations (Grade 8)\", \"generated_at\": \"2025-10-16T11:27:25.057156\", \"model_used\": \"geminisearch\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'geminisearch'),
(23211, 1, 'What is the **Nepali** word for **\'Book\'**?', '[\"किताब\",\"स्कूल\",\"घर\",\"विद्यालय\"]', 0, 'all', 'In Nepali, **\'Book\'** is translated as **\'किताब\'**.', '2025-12-26 13:57:36', '2025-12-26 13:57:36', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"87c6552f-4d85-489e-9068-f89b80a51a3a\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2025-12-26T19:42:36.161040\", \"model_used\": \"gpt-4\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'gpt-4'),
(23212, 2, 'Identify the correct **grammar rule** in **English**.', '[\"Subject-Verb agreement\",\"Run-on sentence\",\"Fragment sentence\",\"Wrong punctuation\"]', 0, 'all', 'Subject-Verb agreement ensures that the subject and verb in a sentence match in number and person, e.g., **He runs** vs. **They run**.', '2025-12-26 13:57:36', '2025-12-26 13:57:36', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"87c6552f-4d85-489e-9068-f89b80a51a3a\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2025-12-26T19:42:36.183981\", \"model_used\": \"gpt-4\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'gpt-4'),
(23213, 3, 'In **gady sahitya**, which type of literature is primarily focused on?', '[\"Stories and Essays\",\"Poetry\",\"Drama\",\"Historical accounts\"]', 0, 'all', '**Gady sahitya** mainly involves prose literature, including **stories** and **essays**.', '2025-12-26 13:57:36', '2025-12-26 13:57:36', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"87c6552f-4d85-489e-9068-f89b80a51a3a\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2025-12-26T19:42:36.186536\", \"model_used\": \"gpt-4\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'gpt-4'),
(23214, 4, 'Which of the following is a **Pady Sahitya**?', '[\"A poem\",\"A novel\",\"A drama\",\"An autobiography\"]', 0, 'all', '**Pady sahitya** refers to poetry or poetic literature, which is composed in verse form.', '2025-12-26 13:57:36', '2025-12-26 13:57:36', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"87c6552f-4d85-489e-9068-f89b80a51a3a\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2025-12-26T19:42:36.194039\", \"model_used\": \"gpt-4\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'gpt-4'),
(23215, 5, 'In **Rachnatmak Lekhan**, what is the main goal?', '[\"Express creativity\",\"Describe scientific facts\",\"Report news\",\"Summarize articles\"]', 0, 'all', '**Rachnatmak lekhan** emphasizes **creative writing**, aimed at expressing ideas and imagination.', '2025-12-26 13:57:36', '2025-12-26 13:57:36', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"87c6552f-4d85-489e-9068-f89b80a51a3a\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2025-12-26T19:42:36.197158\", \"model_used\": \"gpt-4\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'gpt-4'),
(23216, 6, 'Which of the following is the **correct sentence structure** in **English**?', '[\"Subject + Verb + Object\",\"Object + Subject + Verb\",\"Verb + Subject + Object\",\"Object + Verb + Subject\"]', 0, 'all', 'The standard **English sentence structure** is **Subject + Verb + Object**.', '2025-12-26 13:57:36', '2025-12-26 13:57:36', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"87c6552f-4d85-489e-9068-f89b80a51a3a\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2025-12-26T19:42:36.199714\", \"model_used\": \"gpt-4\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'gpt-4'),
(23217, 7, 'What does **Reading Comprehension** primarily test?', '[\"Understanding and interpreting text\",\"Vocabulary only\",\"Grammar rules\",\"Writing speed\"]', 0, 'all', '**Reading Comprehension** assesses the ability to **understand and interpret** written texts effectively.', '2025-12-26 13:57:36', '2025-12-26 13:57:36', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"87c6552f-4d85-489e-9068-f89b80a51a3a\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2025-12-26T19:42:36.202924\", \"model_used\": \"gpt-4\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'gpt-4'),
(23218, 8, 'Which **Grammar** concept involves changing a verb to indicate **time**?', '[\"Tense\",\"Preposition\",\"Conjunction\",\"Adjective\"]', 0, 'all', '**Tense** modifies the verb form to reflect **time of action**, such as past, present, or future.', '2025-12-26 13:57:36', '2025-12-26 13:57:36', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"87c6552f-4d85-489e-9068-f89b80a51a3a\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2025-12-26T19:42:36.206633\", \"model_used\": \"gpt-4\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'gpt-4'),
(23219, 9, 'In **Writing Skills**, which is essential for effective writing?', '[\"Clarity and coherence\",\"Using complex vocabulary\",\"Long sentences\",\"Quantity over quality\"]', 0, 'all', 'Effective **writing** requires **clarity and coherence** to communicate ideas clearly.', '2025-12-26 13:57:36', '2025-12-26 13:57:36', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"87c6552f-4d85-489e-9068-f89b80a51a3a\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2025-12-26T19:42:36.210072\", \"model_used\": \"gpt-4\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'gpt-4'),
(23220, 10, 'In **Speaking and Listening**, active listening involves:', '[\"Paying full attention\",\"Interrupting frequently\",\"Ignoring non-verbal cues\",\"Talking without understanding\"]', 0, 'all', '**Active listening** involves **paying full attention** and understanding the speaker\'s message.', '2025-12-26 13:57:36', '2025-12-26 13:57:36', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"87c6552f-4d85-489e-9068-f89b80a51a3a\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2025-12-26T19:42:36.212417\", \"model_used\": \"gpt-4\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'gpt-4'),
(23221, 1, 'What is the standard order of **Nepali vowels** in the **Grade 6** curriculum?', '[\"अ, आ, इ, ई\",\"अ, इ, उ, ऊ\",\"अ, आ, इ, उ\",\"आ, अ, ई, इ\"]', 0, 'all', 'Nepali vowels are typically taught in the order: **अ, आ, इ, ई** as part of the standard syllabus for Grade 6.', '2025-12-26 14:00:03', '2025-12-26 14:00:03', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"b6e28a80-9127-4cf0-ad4f-e196d636db5a\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2025-12-26T19:45:03.686223\", \"model_used\": \"gpt-4\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'gpt-4'),
(23222, 2, 'Identify the correct **syntax** for a **simple sentence** in **Nepali grammar**.', '[\"Subject + Verb + Object\",\"Object + Subject + Verb\",\"Verb + Subject + Object\",\"Subject + Object + Verb\"]', 0, 'all', 'In Nepali grammar, a basic simple sentence generally follows the **Subject + Verb + Object** structure, e.g., **राम खान्छ** (Ram eats).', '2025-12-26 14:00:03', '2025-12-26 14:00:03', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"b6e28a80-9127-4cf0-ad4f-e196d636db5a\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2025-12-26T19:45:03.688905\", \"model_used\": \"gpt-4\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'gpt-4'),
(23223, 3, 'In **gady sahitya** (prose literature), which is a common theme?', '[\"Love and romance\",\"Historical events\",\"Moral lessons and social issues\",\"Mythology\"]', 2, 'all', 'Gady sahitya often focuses on **moral lessons and social issues** to convey messages effectively to readers.', '2025-12-26 14:00:03', '2025-12-26 14:00:03', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"b6e28a80-9127-4cf0-ad4f-e196d636db5a\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2025-12-26T19:45:03.692411\", \"model_used\": \"gpt-4\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'gpt-4'),
(23224, 4, 'Which of the following is a **poetry genre** in **Grade 6** literature?', '[\"Lyric poetry\",\"Epic poetry\",\"Sonnet\",\"Haiku\"]', 0, 'all', 'Lyric poetry is common in Nepali Grade 6 poetry and includes expressions of personal feelings and emotions.', '2025-12-26 14:00:03', '2025-12-26 14:00:03', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"b6e28a80-9127-4cf0-ad4f-e196d636db5a\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2025-12-26T19:45:03.694322\", \"model_used\": \"gpt-4\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'gpt-4'),
(23225, 5, 'Which skill is primarily developed through **creative writing** excercises in Grade 6?', '[\"Memory recall\",\"Narrative and expression\",\"Mathematical reasoning\",\"Grammar correction\"]', 1, 'all', 'Creative writing encourages students to develop **narrative skills and self-expression** through stories and essays.', '2025-12-26 14:00:03', '2025-12-26 14:00:03', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"b6e28a80-9127-4cf0-ad4f-e196d636db5a\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2025-12-26T19:45:03.696052\", \"model_used\": \"gpt-4\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'gpt-4'),
(23226, 6, 'In **English grammar**, which of these is a **proper noun**?', '[\"dog\",\"London\",\"city\",\"mountain\"]', 1, 'all', '**London** is a specific name of a place and is thus a **proper noun**.', '2025-12-26 14:00:03', '2025-12-26 14:00:03', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"b6e28a80-9127-4cf0-ad4f-e196d636db5a\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2025-12-26T19:45:03.698116\", \"model_used\": \"gpt-4\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'gpt-4'),
(23227, 7, 'What is the main purpose of **reading comprehension** exercises in Grade 6?', '[\"To memorize texts\",\"To understand and interpret texts\",\"To write essays\",\"To improve handwriting\"]', 1, 'all', 'Reading comprehension exercises aim to improve students\' ability **to understand and interpret** texts effectively.', '2025-12-26 14:00:03', '2025-12-26 14:00:03', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"b6e28a80-9127-4cf0-ad4f-e196d636db5a\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2025-12-26T19:45:03.700273\", \"model_used\": \"gpt-4\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'gpt-4'),
(23228, 8, 'Identify the correct **usage** of **present simple tense** in English.', '[\"I am go to school\",\"He goes to school\",\"They will go to school\",\"She gone to school\"]', 1, 'all', 'The correct form of the **present simple** for third person singular is **\'He goes to school\'**.', '2025-12-26 14:00:03', '2025-12-26 14:00:03', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"b6e28a80-9127-4cf0-ad4f-e196d636db5a\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2025-12-26T19:45:03.703550\", \"model_used\": \"gpt-4\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'gpt-4'),
(23229, 9, 'Which skill is enhanced through **writing skills** activities in Grade 6?', '[\"Calculations\",\"Creative expression\",\"Memorization\",\"Listening ability\"]', 1, 'all', 'Writing skills activities help develop **creative expression**, vocabulary, and coherent sentence formation.', '2025-12-26 14:00:03', '2025-12-26 14:00:03', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"b6e28a80-9127-4cf0-ad4f-e196d636db5a\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2025-12-26T19:45:03.714328\", \"model_used\": \"gpt-4\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'gpt-4'),
(23230, 10, 'In **speaking and listening**, which activity best improves **oral communication**?', '[\"Reading silently\",\"Listening to a speech and answering questions\",\"Writing essays\",\"Watching videos silently\"]', 1, 'all', 'Listening to speeches and engaging in Q&A sessions help improve **oral communication and listening skills**.', '2025-12-26 14:00:03', '2025-12-26 14:00:03', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"b6e28a80-9127-4cf0-ad4f-e196d636db5a\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2025-12-26T19:45:03.716449\", \"model_used\": \"gpt-4\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'gpt-4'),
(23231, 1, 'What is the Nepali term for **\'Friend\'**?', '[\"साथी\",\"अध्यापक\",\"पालतू\",\"दिनरात\"]', 0, 'all', 'The Nepali word **साथी** means **\'Friend\'** in English. It is commonly used to refer to a companion or buddy.', '2025-12-26 14:16:27', '2025-12-26 14:16:27', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"68a4feff-3e9d-4ed6-b784-6c3a2f94e7ff\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2025-12-26T20:01:27.286653\", \"model_used\": \"gpt-4-anyprovider\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'gpt-4-anyprovider'),
(23232, 2, 'Choose the correct **व्याकरण र भाषा** (Grammar and Language) concept used in the sentence: \"म घर जान्छु।\"', '[\"क्रिया (Verb)\",\"संज्ञा (Noun)\",\"विशेषण (Adjective)\",\"अव्यय (Adverb)\"]', 0, 'all', 'The sentence **म घर जान्छु।** contains the verb **जान्छु**, which indicates an action, thus illustrating **क्रिया (Verb)** usage.', '2025-12-26 14:16:27', '2025-12-26 14:16:27', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"68a4feff-3e9d-4ed6-b784-6c3a2f94e7ff\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2025-12-26T20:01:27.303441\", \"model_used\": \"gpt-4-anyprovider\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'gpt-4-anyprovider'),
(23233, 3, 'In **गद्य साहित्य** (Prose Literature), which of the following is a key characteristic?', '[\"Rhythm and rhyme\",\"Narrative style\",\"Meter\",\"Imagery\"]', 1, 'all', '**गद्य साहित्य** primarily focuses on prose narration, storytelling, and discussion, emphasizing a **narrative style** rather than rhyme or meter which are typical of poetry.', '2025-12-26 14:16:27', '2025-12-26 14:16:27', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"68a4feff-3e9d-4ed6-b784-6c3a2f94e7ff\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2025-12-26T20:01:27.306327\", \"model_used\": \"gpt-4-anyprovider\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'gpt-4-anyprovider'),
(23234, 4, 'Identify the **पद्य साहित्य** (Poetry Literature) element in the following line: \"फूलको मुस्कान\".', '[\"Rhyme scheme\",\"Imagery\",\"Meter\",\"Alliteration\"]', 3, 'all', 'The phrase **फूलको मुस्कान** (flower\'s smile) uses **alliteration** with the repetition of the vowel sound, which is a common poetic device in **पद्य साहित्य**.', '2025-12-26 14:16:27', '2025-12-26 14:16:27', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"68a4feff-3e9d-4ed6-b784-6c3a2f94e7ff\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2025-12-26T20:01:27.308825\", \"model_used\": \"gpt-4-anyprovider\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'gpt-4-anyprovider'),
(23235, 5, 'What is the main purpose of **रचनात्मक लेखन** (Creative Writing)?', '[\"To inform\",\"To entertain\",\"To express feelings and ideas\",\"To criticize\"]', 2, 'all', '**रचनात्मक लेखन** aims to allow writers to **express feelings and ideas** creatively and personally, often involving imagination.', '2025-12-26 14:16:27', '2025-12-26 14:16:27', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"68a4feff-3e9d-4ed6-b784-6c3a2f94e7ff\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2025-12-26T20:01:27.312853\", \"model_used\": \"gpt-4-anyprovider\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'gpt-4-anyprovider'),
(23236, 6, 'In **English**, what is the correct past tense form of \'run\'?', '[\"Run\",\"Ran\",\"Running\",\"Runs\"]', 1, 'all', 'The past tense of **run** is **ran**. This is an irregular verb, and its past tense does not follow the typical -ed ending.', '2025-12-26 14:16:27', '2025-12-26 14:16:27', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"68a4feff-3e9d-4ed6-b784-6c3a2f94e7ff\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2025-12-26T20:01:27.315278\", \"model_used\": \"gpt-4-anyprovider\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'gpt-4-anyprovider'),
(23237, 7, 'Which of the following is an example of **Reading Comprehension** skill?', '[\"Skimming for main idea\",\"Writing an essay\",\"Memorizing vocabulary\",\"Filling in blanks\"]', 0, 'all', '**Skimming for main idea** involves quickly grasping the central theme of a text, an essential **reading comprehension** skill.', '2025-12-26 14:16:27', '2025-12-26 14:16:27', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"68a4feff-3e9d-4ed6-b784-6c3a2f94e7ff\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2025-12-26T20:01:27.317566\", \"model_used\": \"gpt-4-anyprovider\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'gpt-4-anyprovider'),
(23238, 8, 'Choose the correct **Grammar and Usage** sentence:', '[\"She go to school every day.\",\"She goes to school every day.\",\"She going to school every day.\",\"She gone to school every day.\"]', 1, 'all', 'The correct grammatical form is **She goes to school every day.** which includes the third person singular **-s** in the verb **goes**.', '2025-12-26 14:16:27', '2025-12-26 14:16:27', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"68a4feff-3e9d-4ed6-b784-6c3a2f94e7ff\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2025-12-26T20:01:27.319772\", \"model_used\": \"gpt-4-anyprovider\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'gpt-4-anyprovider'),
(23239, 9, 'Which skill is emphasized in **Writing Skills** for Grade 6?', '[\"Spelling correction\",\"Creative expression\",\"Proper punctuation\",\"All of the above\"]', 3, 'all', '**Writing Skills** involve multiple elements including **spelling, punctuation, and creative expression** to develop effective writing.', '2025-12-26 14:16:27', '2025-12-26 14:16:27', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"68a4feff-3e9d-4ed6-b784-6c3a2f94e7ff\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2025-12-26T20:01:27.322078\", \"model_used\": \"gpt-4-anyprovider\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'gpt-4-anyprovider'),
(23240, 171, 'अन्तर्राष्ट्रीय राजनीतिमा **नेपालको** मुख्य भूमिका के हो?', '[\"संवैधानिक संस्था स्थापना\",\"अन्तर्राष्ट्रीय सम्मेलन सहभागिता\",\"राष्ट्रीय सुरक्षा नीति विकास\",\"अन्य देशहरूसँग सहयोग\"]', 1, 'all', 'नेपालले अन्तर्राष्ट्रीय स्तरमा सहभागी भएर आफ्नो सद्भाव र सहकार्य बन्छ, जसले राष्ट्रिय हितलाई प्रवर्धन गर्दछ।', '2025-12-29 09:47:14', '2025-12-29 09:47:14', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"b71c92dc-1498-499f-8c60-9f8d62dcf3b8\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2025-12-29T15:32:14.095622\", \"model_used\": \"gpt-4-anyprovider\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'gpt-4-anyprovider'),
(23241, 172, '**नेपाली साहित्य** मा आधुनिक नेपाली कविता को बेला कुन हो?', '[\"बोध केशव साहको कविता\",\"सुबोध अधिकारीको कविता\",\"लाल मण्डलको कविता\",\"सम्पूर्ण साहित्य\"]', 0, 'all', 'आधुनिक नेपाली कविता बोध केशव साहको रचनाले सुरु भएको मानिन्छ, जुन २०औं शताब्दीमा विकास भयो।', '2025-12-29 09:47:14', '2025-12-29 09:47:14', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"b71c92dc-1498-499f-8c60-9f8d62dcf3b8\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2025-12-29T15:32:14.113547\", \"model_used\": \"gpt-4-anyprovider\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'gpt-4-anyprovider'),
(23242, 173, 'व्‍यावसायिक नेपाली लेखनमा मुख्य ध्यान के हो?', '[\"शिक्षा र प्रशिक्षण\",\"व्यावसायिक भाषमा सूक्ष्मता\",\"सामाजिक चेतना\",\"साहित्यिक शैली\"]', 1, 'all', 'व्‍यावसायिक नेपाली लेखनले व्यवसायिक भाषामा सूक्ष्मता र स्पष्टता प्रदान गर्नलाई लक्षित गर्दछ।', '2025-12-29 09:47:14', '2025-12-29 09:47:14', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"b71c92dc-1498-499f-8c60-9f8d62dcf3b8\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2025-12-29T15:32:14.116030\", \"model_used\": \"gpt-4-anyprovider\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'gpt-4-anyprovider'),
(23243, 174, 'अनुवाद र व्याख्याको मुख्य उद्देश्य के हो?', '[\"सामग्रीको संक्षिप्तिकरण\",\"सामग्रीको सही अर्थावलीमा अनुवाद\",\"भाषागत नियमहरू सिकाउनु\",\"साहित्यिक रचना सिर्जना\"]', 1, 'all', 'अनुवाद र व्याख्याको मुख्य उद्देश्य कुनै पाठको सही अर्थ र मूल भावना बुझाउन र बुझ्न मद्दत गर्नु हो।', '2025-12-29 09:47:14', '2025-12-29 09:47:14', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"b71c92dc-1498-499f-8c60-9f8d62dcf3b8\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2025-12-29T15:32:14.118263\", \"model_used\": \"gpt-4-anyprovider\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'gpt-4-anyprovider'),
(23244, 175, 'संचार सीपको विकासका लागि कुन अभ्यास सबैभन्दा प्रभावकारी हो?', '[\"शब्दावली अभ्यास\",\"अभिभाषण अभ्यास\",\"पाठ्यक्रम अध्ययन\",\"सूचना सङ्कलन\"]', 1, 'all', 'अभिभाषण अभ्यासले व्यक्तिको विश्वास र सम्पर्क क्षमता बढाउँछ, जसले संचार सीपलाई बलियो बनाउँछ।', '2025-12-29 09:47:14', '2025-12-29 09:47:14', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"b71c92dc-1498-499f-8c60-9f8d62dcf3b8\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2025-12-29T15:32:14.121165\", \"model_used\": \"gpt-4-anyprovider\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'gpt-4-anyprovider'),
(23245, 176, 'English मा सही वाक्य संरचनाको लागि कुन नियम प्रयोग हुन्छ?', '[\"विषय + कर्म + वस्तु\",\"विषय + वस्तु + कर्म\",\"कर्म + विषय + वस्तु\",\"विषय + वस्तु + कर्म\"]', 0, 'all', 'English वाक्य संरचनामा सामान्यतः subject + verb + object को नियम लागु हुन्छ।', '2025-12-29 09:47:14', '2025-12-29 09:47:14', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"b71c92dc-1498-499f-8c60-9f8d62dcf3b8\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2025-12-29T15:32:14.123697\", \"model_used\": \"gpt-4-anyprovider\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'gpt-4-anyprovider'),
(23246, 177, 'Business English मा कुन कुराको अनिवार्यता बढी हुन्छ?', '[\"सामाजिक शैली\",\"सङ्केत भाषा\",\"सटीकता र स्पष्टता\",\"सामान्य भाषा\"]', 2, 'all', 'व्यावसायिक संचारमा सटीकता र स्पष्टता महत्वपूर्ण हुन्छ किनभने यसले संवादलाई प्रभावकारी बनाउँछ।', '2025-12-29 09:47:14', '2025-12-29 09:47:14', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"b71c92dc-1498-499f-8c60-9f8d62dcf3b8\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2025-12-29T15:32:14.126537\", \"model_used\": \"gpt-4-anyprovider\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'gpt-4-anyprovider'),
(23247, 178, 'प्राविधिक लेखनमा मुख्य उद्देश्य के हो?', '[\"साहित्य सिर्जना गर्न\",\"सूचना प्रेषण गर्न\",\"साहित्यिक सन्देश व्यक्त गर्न\",\"कला र सौन्दर्य व्यक्त गर्न\"]', 1, 'all', 'प्राविधिक लेखनले जटिल जानकारीलाई स्पष्ट र सरल तरिकाले प्रेषण गर्न मद्दत गर्दछ।', '2025-12-29 09:47:14', '2025-12-29 09:47:14', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"b71c92dc-1498-499f-8c60-9f8d62dcf3b8\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2025-12-29T15:32:14.128549\", \"model_used\": \"gpt-4-anyprovider\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'gpt-4-anyprovider'),
(23248, 179, 'प्रतिनिधित्वात्मक क्षमता बढाउन कुन कौशल प्रयोग हुन्छ?', '[\"प्रस्तुतीकरण सीप\",\"साहित्यिक अध्ययन\",\"सङ्गीतिक अभ्यास\",\"लेखन अभ्यास\"]', 0, 'all', 'प्रस्तुतिसम्मेलन क्षमतालाई विकास गर्न प्रस्तुतीकरण सीप महत्वपूर्ण हुन्छ।', '2025-12-29 09:47:14', '2025-12-29 09:47:14', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"b71c92dc-1498-499f-8c60-9f8d62dcf3b8\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2025-12-29T15:32:14.131009\", \"model_used\": \"gpt-4-anyprovider\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'gpt-4-anyprovider'),
(23249, 180, 'आन्तर-आस्कृतिक सञ्चारमा मुख्य चुनौती के हो?', '[\"भाषाको भिन्नता\",\"सामाजिक मान्यताहरूको फरक\",\"सामाजिक सञ्जाल\",\"धार्मिक भिन्नता\"]', 1, 'all', 'अन्तर-सांस्कृतिक सञ्चारमा सामाजिक मान्यताहरू फरक हुने भएकाले सांस्कृतिक सन्दर्भ बुझ्न आवश्यक हुन्छ।', '2025-12-29 09:47:14', '2025-12-29 09:47:14', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"b71c92dc-1498-499f-8c60-9f8d62dcf3b8\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2025-12-29T15:32:14.133457\", \"model_used\": \"gpt-4-anyprovider\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'gpt-4-anyprovider'),
(23250, 501, 'What is the **atomic number** of an element with the **proton count** 11?', '[\"11\",\"22\",\"9\",\"13\"]', 0, 'all', 'The **atomic number** is equal to the number of **protons** in the nucleus. Hence, if the **proton count** is 11, the **atomic number** is 11.', '2025-12-29 11:11:31', '2025-12-29 11:11:31', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"10b6b7b2-2d65-4661-a260-e96cff1120ad\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2025-12-29T16:56:31.485584\", \"model_used\": \"gpt-4\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'gpt-4'),
(23251, 502, 'In **kinematics**, the equation for **displacement** when starting from rest under constant acceleration is given by $s = \\frac{1}{2} a t^2$. What does the variable $a$ represent?', '[\"Initial velocity\",\"Acceleration\",\"Displacement\",\"Time\"]', 1, 'all', 'In the equation $s = \\frac{1}{2} a t^2$, the symbol $a$ denotes **acceleration**, which is the rate of change of **velocity** with respect to **time**.', '2025-12-29 11:11:31', '2025-12-29 11:11:31', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"10b6b7b2-2d65-4661-a260-e96cff1120ad\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2025-12-29T16:56:31.509091\", \"model_used\": \"gpt-4\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'gpt-4'),
(23252, 503, 'What is the **molecular formula** of **ethene**?', '[\"C$_2$H$_4$\",\"C$_2$H$_6$\",\"C$_3$H$_6$\",\"C$_4$H$_8$\"]', 0, 'all', 'Ethene is an **alkene** with a **double bond** between two carbon atoms. Its **molecular formula** is $\\mathrm{C_2H_4}$.', '2025-12-29 11:11:31', '2025-12-29 11:11:31', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"10b6b7b2-2d65-4661-a260-e96cff1120ad\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2025-12-29T16:56:31.510571\", \"model_used\": \"gpt-4\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'gpt-4'),
(23253, 510, 'Which **type of bond** involves the **sharing of electron pairs** between atoms?', '[\"Ionic bond\",\"Covalent bond\",\"Metallic bond\",\"Van der Waals bond\"]', 1, 'all', 'A **covalent bond** is formed when **electron pairs** are **shared** between atoms, resulting in a **molecule**.', '2025-12-29 11:11:31', '2025-12-29 11:11:31', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"10b6b7b2-2d65-4661-a260-e96cff1120ad\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2025-12-29T16:56:31.512218\", \"model_used\": \"gpt-4\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'gpt-4'),
(23254, 511, 'In **optics**, what phenomenon describes the **bending of light** as it passes from one **medium** to another?', '[\"Reflection\",\"Refraction\",\"Dispersion\",\"Diffraction\"]', 1, 'all', 'The phenomenon where **light** bends when passing through **different media** is called **refraction**, governed by **Snell\'s law**.', '2025-12-29 11:11:31', '2025-12-29 11:11:31', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"10b6b7b2-2d65-4661-a260-e96cff1120ad\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2025-12-29T16:56:31.513734\", \"model_used\": \"gpt-4\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'gpt-4'),
(23255, 512, 'What is **Ohm\'s Law** in terms of **electric current** ($I$), **voltage** ($V$), and **resistance** ($R$)?', '[\"$V = IR$\",\"$I = VR$\",\"$R = IV$\",\"$V = R/I$\"]', 0, 'all', 'Ohm\'s Law states that the **voltage** across a resistor is proportional to the **current** flowing through it: $V = IR$.', '2025-12-29 11:11:31', '2025-12-29 11:11:31', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"10b6b7b2-2d65-4661-a260-e96cff1120ad\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2025-12-29T16:56:31.515405\", \"model_used\": \"gpt-4\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'gpt-4'),
(23256, 520, 'Which **subatomic particle** has a **negative charge**?', '[\"Proton\",\"Neutron\",\"Electron\",\"Positron\"]', 2, 'all', 'The **electron** carries a **negative charge** and orbits the nucleus in an atom.', '2025-12-29 11:11:31', '2025-12-29 11:11:31', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"10b6b7b2-2d65-4661-a260-e96cff1120ad\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2025-12-29T16:56:31.516977\", \"model_used\": \"gpt-4\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'gpt-4'),
(23257, 521, 'In **biology**, which **organ** is primarily responsible for **pump**ing **blood** to the entire body?', '[\"Lungs\",\"Liver\",\"Heart\",\"Kidneys\"]', 2, 'all', 'The **heart** functions as a **pump** that circulates **blood** throughout the body via **contractions**.', '2025-12-29 11:11:31', '2025-12-29 11:11:31', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"10b6b7b2-2d65-4661-a260-e96cff1120ad\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2025-12-29T16:56:31.519114\", \"model_used\": \"gpt-4\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'gpt-4'),
(23258, 522, 'What is the main **function** of **DNA** in living organisms?', '[\"Store genetic information\",\"Generate energy\",\"Transport oxygen\",\"Break down waste\"]', 0, 'all', '**DNA** (Deoxyribonucleic acid) mainly functions to **store** and **transmit genetic information**.', '2025-12-29 11:11:31', '2025-12-29 11:11:31', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"10b6b7b2-2d65-4661-a260-e96cff1120ad\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2025-12-29T16:56:31.521338\", \"model_used\": \"gpt-4\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'gpt-4'),
(23259, 523, 'Which **type of chemical bond** involves **electrostatic attraction** between **ions**?', '[\"Covalent\",\"Ionic\",\"Metallic\",\"Hydrogen\"]', 1, 'all', 'An **ionic bond** forms due to **electrostatic attraction** between **positively** and **negatively charged ions**.', '2025-12-29 11:11:31', '2025-12-29 11:11:31', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"10b6b7b2-2d65-4661-a260-e96cff1120ad\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2025-12-29T16:56:31.523614\", \"model_used\": \"gpt-4\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'gpt-4'),
(23260, 11001, 'Identify the **correct** grammatical structure of the sentence: \"**The** cat **chased** the mouse.\"', '[\"Subject-Verb-Object\",\"Verb-Subject-Object\",\"Object-Subject-Verb\",\"Subject-Object-Verb\"]', 0, 'all', 'The sentence follows the **Subject-Verb-Object** structure, where the **subject** is \"**The** cat\", the **verb** is \"**chased**\", and the **object** is \"the mouse\".', '2026-01-27 23:13:52', '2026-01-27 23:13:52', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"6e7b4a8f-8bff-4dac-945c-ab41d3f326d0\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2026-01-28T04:58:52.005467\", \"model_used\": \"command-r-08-2024\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 2, 'command-r-08-2024'),
(23261, 11002, 'Which **unit** of measurement is used to express the **volume** of a **cylinder**?', '[\"Cubic meters (m³)\",\"Square meters (m²)\",\"Liters (L)\",\"Milliliters (mL)\"]', 2, 'all', 'The **volume** of a **cylinder** is typically measured in **liters** (L), which is a unit of **volume** in the metric system.', '2026-01-27 23:13:52', '2026-01-27 23:13:52', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"6e7b4a8f-8bff-4dac-945c-ab41d3f326d0\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2026-01-28T04:58:52.029575\", \"model_used\": \"command-r-08-2024\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 2, 'command-r-08-2024'),
(23262, 11003, 'What is the **formula** for calculating the **area** of a **triangle**?', '[\"A = b × h\",\"A = ½ × b × h\",\"A = b × c\",\"A = ½ × a × b\"]', 1, 'all', 'The **formula** for the **area** of a **triangle** is A = ½ × b × h, where b is the **base** and h is the **height** of the **triangle**. This formula is derived from the basic principle that the **area** of a **triangle** is half the product of its **base** and **height**. ', '2026-01-27 23:13:52', '2026-01-27 23:13:52', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"6e7b4a8f-8bff-4dac-945c-ab41d3f326d0\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2026-01-28T04:58:52.043079\", \"model_used\": \"command-r-08-2024\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 2, 'command-r-08-2024'),
(23263, 11004, 'In the context of **social studies**, what does the term **civic sense** refer to?', '[\"Awareness of one\'s rights and responsibilities as a citizen\",\"Knowledge of local government structures\",\"Understanding of global political systems\",\"Ability to participate in community events\"]', 0, 'all', '**Civic sense** encompasses an individual\'s awareness and understanding of their rights, duties, and responsibilities as a citizen within a society. It involves knowledge of the laws, values, and norms that govern a community, as well as the ability to actively contribute to the well-being and development of that community.', '2026-01-27 23:13:52', '2026-01-27 23:13:52', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"6e7b4a8f-8bff-4dac-945c-ab41d3f326d0\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2026-01-28T04:58:52.116577\", \"model_used\": \"command-r-08-2024\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 2, 'command-r-08-2024'),
(23264, 11005, 'Which **element** is a **metal** and has the symbol **Cu**?', '[\"Copper\",\"Carbon\",\"Chlorine\",\"Calcium\"]', 0, 'all', 'The **element** with the symbol **Cu** is **copper**, which is a **metal** known for its excellent electrical conductivity and malleability. It is widely used in electrical wiring, plumbing, and various industrial applications.', '2026-01-27 23:13:52', '2026-01-27 23:13:52', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"6e7b4a8f-8bff-4dac-945c-ab41d3f326d0\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2026-01-28T04:58:52.121278\", \"model_used\": \"command-r-08-2024\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 2, 'command-r-08-2024'),
(23265, 11006, 'What is the **purpose** of a **petty cash book** in **accounting**?', '[\"To record large cash transactions\",\"To manage inventory levels\",\"To track petty cash expenses\",\"To prepare financial statements\"]', 2, 'all', 'A **petty cash book** is used to record and track **petty cash** expenses, which are typically small, day-to-day expenditures that are not significant enough to warrant individual journal entries. It helps businesses keep a record of these expenses and ensures proper accountability for petty cash funds.', '2026-01-27 23:13:52', '2026-01-27 23:13:52', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"6e7b4a8f-8bff-4dac-945c-ab41d3f326d0\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2026-01-28T04:58:52.129325\", \"model_used\": \"command-r-08-2024\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 2, 'command-r-08-2024'),
(23266, 11007, 'Which **unit** of measurement is used to express the **volume** of a **sphere**?', '[\"Cubic meters (m³)\",\"Square meters (m²)\",\"Liters (L)\",\"Milliliters (mL)\"]', 0, 'all', 'The **volume** of a **sphere** is measured in **cubic meters** (m³), which is a unit of **volume** in the metric system. This unit is used to quantify the three-dimensional space occupied by a **sphere**. ', '2026-01-27 23:13:52', '2026-01-27 23:13:52', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"6e7b4a8f-8bff-4dac-945c-ab41d3f326d0\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2026-01-28T04:58:52.136176\", \"model_used\": \"command-r-08-2024\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 2, 'command-r-08-2024'),
(23267, 11008, 'What is the **formula** for calculating the **area** of a **circle**?', '[\"A = ½ × × r²\",\"A = ½ × × d²\",\"A = ½ × × r\",\"A = ½ × × d\"]', 1, 'all', 'The **formula** for the **area** of a **circle** is A = ½ × × d², where d is the **diameter** of the **circle**. This formula is derived from the relationship between the **area** of a **circle** and its **diameter**, which is a fundamental concept in geometry.', '2026-01-27 23:13:52', '2026-01-27 23:13:52', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"6e7b4a8f-8bff-4dac-945c-ab41d3f326d0\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2026-01-28T04:58:52.144817\", \"model_used\": \"command-r-08-2024\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 2, 'command-r-08-2024'),
(23268, 11009, 'In the context of **computer science**, what does **AI** stand for?', '[\"Artificial Intelligence\",\"Application Interface\",\"Advanced Internet\",\"Automated Intelligence\"]', 0, 'all', '**AI**, or **Artificial Intelligence**, refers to the simulation of human intelligence in machines that are programmed to think and learn like humans. It involves the development of computer systems that can perform tasks that typically require human intelligence, such as visual perception, speech recognition, decision-making, and language translation.', '2026-01-27 23:13:52', '2026-01-27 23:13:52', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"6e7b4a8f-8bff-4dac-945c-ab41d3f326d0\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2026-01-28T04:58:52.151062\", \"model_used\": \"command-r-08-2024\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 2, 'command-r-08-2024'),
(23269, 11010, 'What is the **purpose** of a **compound interest** formula in **mathematics**?', '[\"To calculate simple interest\",\"To find the present value of an investment\",\"To determine the future value of an investment\",\"To compute the effective interest rate\"]', 2, 'all', 'The **compound interest** formula is used to determine the **future value** of an investment or loan when interest is calculated and added to the principal amount at regular intervals. It takes into account the effect of **compounding**, where interest is earned on both the initial principal and the accumulated interest over time.', '2026-01-27 23:13:52', '2026-01-27 23:13:52', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"6e7b4a8f-8bff-4dac-945c-ab41d3f326d0\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2026-01-28T04:58:52.157430\", \"model_used\": \"command-r-08-2024\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 2, 'command-r-08-2024'),
(23270, 204, '**संस्कृति** को परिभाषा किस प्रकार हो?', '[\"मानव जाति के जीवन का एक महत्वपूर्ण हिस्सा\",\"मानव जाति के विकास का एक प्रमुख कारक\",\"मानव जाति के जीवन का एक आवश्यक तत्व\",\"मानव जाति के जीवन का एक सामाजिक पहलू\"]', 0, 'all', 'संस्कृति मानव जाति के जीवन का एक महत्वपूर्ण हिस्सा है, जो मानव जाति के विकास और समाज के विभिन्न पहलुओं को प्रभावित करती है।', '2026-01-27 23:17:02', '2026-01-27 23:17:02', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"383fea92-1f58-42c6-a28b-cb9f7b390984\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2026-01-28T05:02:02.497615\", \"model_used\": \"command-r7b-arabic-02-2025\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'command-r7b-arabic-02-2025'),
(23271, 205, '**भौतिकी** के कौन से क्षेत्र में **प्रकाश** का अध्ययन किया जाता है?', '[\"प्राकृतिक भौतिकी\",\"भौतिकी का सामान्य अध्ययन\",\"भौतिकी का ज्यामितीय अध्ययन\",\"भौतिकी का विद्युत चुम्बकीय अध्ययन\"]', 3, 'all', 'भौतिकी के **ज्यामितीय प्रकाश** क्षेत्र में प्रकाश का अध्ययन किया जाता है, जो प्रकाश के व्यवहार और संपत्तियों का अध्ययन है।', '2026-01-27 23:17:02', '2026-01-27 23:17:02', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"383fea92-1f58-42c6-a28b-cb9f7b390984\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2026-01-28T05:02:02.500070\", \"model_used\": \"command-r7b-arabic-02-2025\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'command-r7b-arabic-02-2025'),
(23272, 206, '**केमिकल रिएक्शन्स** में **रेट कॉन्स्टेंट** क्या है?', '[\"रिएक्शन की गति\",\"रिएक्शन की तीव्रता\",\"रिएक्शन का समय\",\"रिएक्शन का तापमान\"]', 0, 'all', 'रेट कॉन्स्टेंट एक केमिकल रिएक्शन की गति को दर्शाता है, जो एक रिएक्शन के दौरान प्रति इकाई समय में उत्पाद की मात्रा को परिभाषित करता है।', '2026-01-27 23:17:02', '2026-01-27 23:17:02', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"383fea92-1f58-42c6-a28b-cb9f7b390984\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2026-01-28T05:02:02.502715\", \"model_used\": \"command-r7b-arabic-02-2025\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'command-r7b-arabic-02-2025'),
(23273, 207, '**जीव विज्ञान** में **बायोमोलेक्यूल्स** का क्या महत्व है?', '[\"जीवों के जीवन का आधार\",\"जीवों के विकास का कारक\",\"जीवों के स्वास्थ्य का प्रभाव\",\"जीवों के व्यवहार का नियंत्रण\"]', 0, 'all', 'बायोमोलेक्यूल्स जीवों के जीवन का आधार हैं, जो जीवों के विभिन्न कार्यों और संरचनाओं को नियंत्रित करते हैं।', '2026-01-27 23:17:02', '2026-01-27 23:17:02', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"383fea92-1f58-42c6-a28b-cb9f7b390984\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2026-01-28T05:02:02.505697\", \"model_used\": \"command-r7b-arabic-02-2025\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'command-r7b-arabic-02-2025'),
(23274, 208, '**मैथेमेटिक्स** में **वेक्टर** क्या है?', '[\"एक बिंदु\",\"एक रेखा\",\"एक संख्या\",\"एक दिशा और माप\"]', 3, 'all', 'वेक्टर एक दिशा और माप का प्रतिनिधित्व करने वाला एक गणितीय वस्तु है, जो मैथेमेटिक्स और भौतिकी में विभिन्न प्रकार के मापों को दर्शाने के लिए उपयोग किया जाता है।', '2026-01-27 23:17:02', '2026-01-27 23:17:02', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"383fea92-1f58-42c6-a28b-cb9f7b390984\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2026-01-28T05:02:02.508875\", \"model_used\": \"command-r7b-arabic-02-2025\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'command-r7b-arabic-02-2025'),
(23275, 209, '**विज्ञान** में **प्रकाश** का अध्ययन किस क्षेत्र से संबंधित है?', '[\"भौतिकी\",\"केमिस्ट्री\",\"जीव विज्ञान\",\"प्रौद्योगिकी\"]', 0, 'all', 'प्रकाश का अध्ययन भौतिकी के **ज्यामितीय प्रकाश** क्षेत्र से संबंधित है, जो प्रकाश के व्यवहार और संपत्तियों का अध्ययन है।', '2026-01-27 23:17:02', '2026-01-27 23:17:02', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"383fea92-1f58-42c6-a28b-cb9f7b390984\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2026-01-28T05:02:02.511706\", \"model_used\": \"command-r7b-arabic-02-2025\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'command-r7b-arabic-02-2025'),
(23276, 210, '**केमिकल रिएक्शन्स** में **रेट कान्स्टेंट** का क्या महत्व है?', '[\"रिएक्शन की गति का निर्धारण\",\"रिएक्शन की तीव्रता का मापन\",\"रिएक्शन के समय का अनुमान\",\"रिएक्शन के तापमान का नियंत्रण\"]', 0, 'all', 'रेट कान्स्टेंट एक केमिकल रिएक्शन की गति को दर्शाता है, जो रिएक्शन की गति का निर्धारण करता है और रिएक्शन की तीव्रता का मापन करता है।', '2026-01-27 23:17:02', '2026-01-27 23:17:02', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"383fea92-1f58-42c6-a28b-cb9f7b390984\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2026-01-28T05:02:02.514731\", \"model_used\": \"command-r7b-arabic-02-2025\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'command-r7b-arabic-02-2025'),
(23277, 211, '**जीव विज्ञान** में **जीन्स** का क्या महत्व है?', '[\"जीवों के विकास का नियंत्रण\",\"जीवों के स्वास्थ्य का प्रभाव\",\"जीवों के व्यवहार का निर्धारण\",\"जीवों के विकास का आधार\"]', 0, 'all', 'जीन्स जीवों के विकास का नियंत्रण करते हैं, जो जीवों के विभिन्न विशेषताओं और गुणों को निर्धारित करते हैं।', '2026-01-27 23:17:02', '2026-01-27 23:17:02', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"383fea92-1f58-42c6-a28b-cb9f7b390984\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2026-01-28T05:02:02.517985\", \"model_used\": \"command-r7b-arabic-02-2025\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'command-r7b-arabic-02-2025'),
(23278, 212, '**मैथेमेटिक्स** में **ट्रिगोनोमी** का क्या उपयोग है?', '[\"ज्यामितीय आकृतियों का अध्ययन\",\"विज्ञान में माप\",\"संख्यात्मक विश्लेषण\",\"वेक्टर का उपयोग\"]', 0, 'all', 'ट्रिगोनोमी ज्यामितीय आकृतियों का अध्ययन करने के लिए उपयोग की जाने वाली एक गणितीय शाखा है, जो कोणों और उनके संबंधों का अध्ययन करती है।', '2026-01-27 23:17:02', '2026-01-27 23:17:02', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"383fea92-1f58-42c6-a28b-cb9f7b390984\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2026-01-28T05:02:02.520728\", \"model_used\": \"command-r7b-arabic-02-2025\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'command-r7b-arabic-02-2025'),
(23279, 213, '**विज्ञान** में **प्रकाश** का अध्ययन किस क्षेत्र से संबंधित है?', '[\"भौतिकी\",\"केमिस्ट्री\",\"जीव विज्ञान\",\"प्रौद्योगिकी\"]', 0, 'all', 'प्रकाश का अध्ययन भौतिकी के **ज्यामितीय प्रकाश** क्षेत्र से संबंधित है, जो प्रकाश के व्यवहार और संपत्तियों का अध्ययन है।', '2026-01-27 23:17:02', '2026-01-27 23:17:02', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"383fea92-1f58-42c6-a28b-cb9f7b390984\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2026-01-28T05:02:02.523708\", \"model_used\": \"command-r7b-arabic-02-2025\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'command-r7b-arabic-02-2025'),
(23280, 204, '**Nepali** literature is an important part of the curriculum. Which of these authors is NOT associated with Nepali literature?', '[\"[\\\"Shailendra Prasad Dhakal\\\"]\",\"[\\\"Laxmi Prasad Devkota\\\"]\",\"[\\\"Leeladhwaj Thapa\\\"]\",\"[\\\"Bishweshwar Prasad Koirala\\\"]\"]', 0, 'all', 'Shailendra Prasad Dhakal is a renowned author and poet, but he is not associated with Nepali literature. He is known for his contributions to Hindi literature.', '2026-01-27 23:18:14', '2026-01-27 23:18:14', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"ee81bfa7-6dd6-44e2-8a69-9183d02ef29b\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2026-01-28T05:03:14.770315\", \"model_used\": \"command-r24\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'command-r24'),
(23281, 205, 'Which of these topics is NOT covered under **समसामयिक साहित्य**?', '[\"[\\\"Contemporary Literature\\\"]\",\"[\\\"Classical Literature\\\"]\",\"[\\\"Modern Literature\\\"]\",\"[\\\"Ancient Literature\\\"]\"]', 3, 'all', 'समसामयिक साहित्य focuses on contemporary literature, which refers to works created in the present or recent past. It does not include ancient literature, which refers to works from historical periods.', '2026-01-27 23:18:14', '2026-01-27 23:18:14', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"ee81bfa7-6dd6-44e2-8a69-9183d02ef29b\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2026-01-28T05:03:14.773283\", \"model_used\": \"command-r24\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'command-r24'),
(23282, 206, 'In the context of **अनुसन्धान र लेखन**, which of these is NOT a common research method?', '[\"[\\\"Surveys\\\"]\",\"[\\\"Experiments\\\"]\",\"[\\\"Interviews\\\"]\",\"[\\\"Observation\\\"]\"]', 0, 'all', 'Surveys are not commonly used in research writing, especially in the science stream. Surveys are more prevalent in social sciences and market research.', '2026-01-27 23:18:14', '2026-01-27 23:18:14', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"ee81bfa7-6dd6-44e2-8a69-9183d02ef29b\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2026-01-28T05:03:14.777062\", \"model_used\": \"command-r24\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'command-r24'),
(23283, 207, 'Which of these topics is NOT covered under **भाषा र संस्कृति**?', '[\"[\\\"Language Acquisition\\\"]\",\"[\\\"Cultural Studies\\\"]\",\"[\\\"Linguistics\\\"]\",\"[\\\"Sociolinguistics\\\"]\"]', 0, 'all', 'Language acquisition is the process of learning a language, which is not directly related to the study of language and culture. It is more associated with psychology and cognitive science.', '2026-01-27 23:18:14', '2026-01-27 23:18:14', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"ee81bfa7-6dd6-44e2-8a69-9183d02ef29b\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2026-01-28T05:03:14.779834\", \"model_used\": \"command-r24\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'command-r24'),
(23284, 208, 'In the context of **व्यावसायिक संचार**, which of these is NOT a common form of business communication?', '[\"[\\\"Emails\\\"]\",\"[\\\"Memos\\\"]\",\"[\\\"Social Media Posts\\\"]\",\"[\\\"Teleconferences\\\"]\"]', 2, 'all', 'Social media posts are not typically considered formal business communication. They are more associated with marketing and public relations.', '2026-01-27 23:18:14', '2026-01-27 23:18:14', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"ee81bfa7-6dd6-44e2-8a69-9183d02ef29b\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2026-01-28T05:03:14.784280\", \"model_used\": \"command-r24\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'command-r24'),
(23285, 209, 'Which of these topics is NOT covered under **English** literature?', '[\"[\\\"Shakespearean Plays\\\"]\",\"[\\\"Romantic Poetry\\\"]\",\"[\\\"Modernist Literature\\\"]\",\"[\\\"Medieval Literature\\\"]\"]', 3, 'all', 'Medieval literature refers to works from the Middle Ages, which is not typically covered under English literature. It is more associated with historical studies.', '2026-01-27 23:18:14', '2026-01-27 23:18:14', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"ee81bfa7-6dd6-44e2-8a69-9183d02ef29b\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2026-01-28T05:03:14.788194\", \"model_used\": \"command-r24\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'command-r24'),
(23286, 210, 'In the context of **Scientific English**, which of these is NOT a common scientific writing style?', '[\"[\\\"Passive Voice\\\"]\",\"[\\\"Active Voice\\\"]\",\"[\\\"First Person\\\"]\",\"[\\\"Third Person\\\"]\"]', 2, 'all', 'First person is not commonly used in scientific writing, as it can introduce bias and personal opinions. Scientific writing typically employs an objective, third-person perspective.', '2026-01-27 23:18:14', '2026-01-27 23:18:14', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"ee81bfa7-6dd6-44e2-8a69-9183d02ef29b\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2026-01-28T05:03:14.791528\", \"model_used\": \"command-r24\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'command-r24'),
(23287, 211, 'Which of these topics is NOT covered under **Research Writing**?', '[\"[\\\"Literature Review\\\"]\",\"[\\\"Methodology\\\"]\",\"[\\\"Results and Discussion\\\"]\",\"[\\\"Conclusion and Recommendations\\\"]\"]', 3, 'all', 'Conclusion and recommendations are not typically included in the research writing process. They are more associated with the final stage of a research project, after the results have been analyzed.', '2026-01-27 23:18:14', '2026-01-27 23:18:14', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"ee81bfa7-6dd6-44e2-8a69-9183d02ef29b\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2026-01-28T05:03:14.796092\", \"model_used\": \"command-r24\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'command-r24'),
(23288, 212, 'In the context of **Technical Communication**, which of these is NOT a common technical writing format?', '[\"[\\\"User Manuals\\\"]\",\"[\\\"Technical Reports\\\"]\",\"[\\\"Marketing Brochures\\\"]\",\"[\\\"White Papers\\\"]\"]', 2, 'all', 'Marketing brochures are not typically considered technical communication. They are more associated with marketing and promotional materials.', '2026-01-27 23:18:14', '2026-01-27 23:18:14', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"ee81bfa7-6dd6-44e2-8a69-9183d02ef29b\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2026-01-28T05:03:14.799222\", \"model_used\": \"command-r24\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'command-r24'),
(23289, 213, 'Which of these topics is NOT covered under **Global Literature**?', '[\"[\\\"World Literature\\\"]\",\"[\\\"Regional Literature\\\"]\",\"[\\\"National Literature\\\"]\",\"[\\\"Local Literature\\\"]\"]', 3, 'all', 'Local literature refers to works specific to a particular region or community, which is not typically covered under global literature. Global literature focuses on works that transcend national boundaries.', '2026-01-27 23:18:14', '2026-01-27 23:18:14', 1, 1, '{\"quiz_id\": \"ee81bfa7-6dd6-44e2-8a69-9183d02ef29b\", \"topic_focus\": \"\", \"generated_at\": \"2026-01-28T05:03:14.803147\", \"model_used\": \"command-r24\", \"custom_instructions\": \"\"}', 60, 'command-r24');

-- --------------------------------------------------------

--
-- Table structure for table `Questions`
--

CREATE TABLE `Questions` (
  `question_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
  `topic_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
  `question_text` text DEFAULT NULL,
  `correct_answer` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_unicode_ci;

--
-- Dumping data for table `Questions`
--

INSERT INTO `Questions` (`question_id`, `topic_id`, `question_text`, `correct_answer`) VALUES
(1, 2, 'Test', 'Hi');

-- --------------------------------------------------------

--
-- Table structure for table `quiz_question_responses`
--

CREATE TABLE `quiz_question_responses` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL,
  `session_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
  `question_id` varchar(100) NOT NULL,
  `selected_option` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,
  `selected_option_text` text DEFAULT NULL,
  `correct_option` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,
  `correct_option_text` text DEFAULT NULL,
  `is_correct` tinyint(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
  `time_taken` int(11) DEFAULT 0,
  `topic_id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
  `all_options` longtext CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_bin DEFAULT NULL CHECK (json_valid(`all_options`)),
  `created_at` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT current_timestamp()
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_unicode_ci COMMENT='Enhanced table storing detailed question-level responses for analytics';

--
-- Dumping data for table `quiz_question_responses`
--

INSERT INTO `quiz_question_responses` (`id`, `session_id`, `question_id`, `selected_option`, `selected_option_text`, `correct_option`, `correct_option_text`, `is_correct`, `time_taken`, `topic_id`, `all_options`, `created_at`) VALUES
(52, 28, '4', '0', 'Hi', '0', 'Hi', 1, 3, 125, '[\"Hi\", \"Hey\", \"Bye\", \"Boy\"]', '2025-08-04 12:02:23'),
(53, 29, '3', '1', '4', '1', '4', 1, 2, 2, '[\"3\", \"4\", \"5\", \"6\"]', '2025-08-04 12:06:10'),
(54, 29, '2', '1', 'Mars', '1', 'Mars', 1, 2, 1, '[\"Venus\", \"Mars\", \"Jupiter\", \"Saturn\"]', '2025-08-04 12:06:10'),
(55, 29, '1', '2', 'Paris', '2', 'Paris', 1, 2, 1, '[\"London\", \"Berlin\", \"Paris\", \"Madrid\"]', '2025-08-04 12:06:10'),
(56, 30, '5', '0', 'To explore advanced theories in quantum mechanics', '1', 'To provide an understanding of the fundamental concepts of physics as applied to real-world problems', 0, 875, 8, '[\"To explore advanced theories in quantum mechanics\", \"To provide an understanding of the fundamental concepts of physics as applied to real-world problems\", \"To focus solely on mathematical techniques in physics\", \"To introduce the history of major physicists\"]', '2025-08-09 04:24:57'),
(57, 30, '6', '0', 'Midterm examination', '1', 'Final examination', 0, 2, 9, '[\"Midterm examination\", \"Final examination\", \"Assignments\", \"Laboratory work\"]', '2025-08-09 04:24:57'),
(58, 30, '7', '0', 'A continuous increase in the amplitude of motion', '1', 'A periodic back-and-forth motion around a central point', 0, 3, 10, '[\"A continuous increase in the amplitude of motion\", \"A periodic back-and-forth motion around a central point\", \"Motion that gradually comes to rest due to external forces\", \"Motion that occurs without any restoring force\"]', '2025-08-09 04:24:57'),
(59, 30, '8', '0', 'The transfer of energy without the transfer of matter', '0', 'The transfer of energy without the transfer of matter', 1, 3, 11, '[\"The transfer of energy without the transfer of matter\", \"The movement of particles in a medium without any energy transfer\", \"A mechanical process involving the collision of particles\", \"The random motion of particles in a fluid\"]', '2025-08-09 04:24:57'),
(60, 30, '9', '0', 'The behavior of light passing through a prism', '1', 'The study of sound waves and their properties', 0, 1, 12, '[\"The behavior of light passing through a prism\", \"The study of sound waves and their properties\", \"The analysis of gravitational waves\", \"The motion of electrons in a conductor\"]', '2025-08-09 04:24:57'),
(61, 30, '10', '0', 'To store electrical energy for later use', '0', 'To store electrical energy for later use', 1, 1, 13, '[\"To store electrical energy for later use\", \"To amplify electrical signals\", \"To act as a resistor in the circuit\", \"To convert electrical energy to light energy\"]', '2025-08-09 04:24:57'),
(62, 30, '11', '0', 'Its magnetic susceptibility', '1', 'The polarization of the material', 0, 1, 14, '[\"Its magnetic susceptibility\", \"The polarization of the material\", \"Its thermal conductivity\", \"The speed of light in the material\"]', '2025-08-09 04:24:57'),
(63, 30, '12', '0', 'Faraday\'s Law of Induction', '0', 'Faraday\'s Law of Induction', 1, 2, 15, '[\"Faraday\'s Law of Induction\", \"Gauss\'s Law\", \"Amp\\u00e8re\'s Law\", \"Coulomb\'s Law\"]', '2025-08-09 04:24:57'),
(64, 30, '13', '0', 'The diameter of the fiber', '1', 'The refractive index difference between the core and cladding', 0, 1, 16, '[\"The diameter of the fiber\", \"The refractive index difference between the core and cladding\", \"The thickness of the cladding\", \"The color of the light used\"]', '2025-08-09 04:24:57'),
(65, 30, '14', '0', 'The wave function represents a physically possible state', '0', 'The wave function represents a physically possible state', 1, 1, 17, '[\"The wave function represents a physically possible state\", \"The wave function is orthogonal to other wave functions\", \"The energy of the system is minimized\", \"The wave function is always real and positive\"]', '2025-08-09 04:24:57'),
(66, 30, '15', '0', 'Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or transformed', '0', 'Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or transformed', 1, 2, 18, '[\"Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or transformed\", \"Entropy of an isolated system always increases\", \"Heat flows from colder to warmer objects\", \"The total energy of a system is always constant\"]', '2025-08-09 04:24:57'),
(67, 31, '36', '0', 'Meter', '0', 'Meter', 1, 3, 101, '[\"Meter\", \"Kilometer\", \"Centimeter\", \"Millimeter\"]', '2025-08-09 04:48:11'),
(68, 31, '37', '0', 'Speed', '2', 'Velocity', 0, 2, 102, '[\"Speed\", \"Time\", \"Velocity\", \"Mass\"]', '2025-08-09 04:48:11'),
(69, 31, '38', '0', '4 m/s north', '0', '4 m/s north', 1, 1, 103, '[\"4 m/s north\", \"4 m/s south\", \"5 m/s north\", \"5 m/s south\"]', '2025-08-09 04:48:11'),
(70, 31, '39', '0', '6 N', '0', '6 N', 1, 1, 104, '[\"6 N\", \"2 N\", \"3 N\", \"5 N\"]', '2025-08-09 04:48:11'),
(71, 31, '40', '0', 'Energy can be neither created nor destroyed.', '1', 'Heat naturally flows from a hotter object to a cooler object.', 0, 2, 105, '[\"Energy can be neither created nor destroyed.\", \"Heat naturally flows from a hotter object to a cooler object.\", \"The total energy in an isolated system remains constant.\", \"Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles.\"]', '2025-08-09 04:48:11'),
(72, 31, '41', '0', 'Kinetic energy', '1', 'Elastic potential energy', 0, 2, 106, '[\"Kinetic energy\", \"Elastic potential energy\", \"Gravitational potential energy\", \"Thermal energy\"]', '2025-08-09 04:48:11'),
(73, 31, '42', '0', 'Uniform acceleration', '1', 'Uniform velocity', 0, 2, 101, '[\"Uniform acceleration\", \"Uniform velocity\", \"Non-uniform velocity\", \"Circular motion\"]', '2025-08-09 04:48:11'),
(74, 31, '43', '0', 'It increases', '1', 'It decreases', 0, 1, 102, '[\"It increases\", \"It decreases\", \"It remains the same\", \"It fluctuates\"]', '2025-08-09 04:48:11'),
(75, 31, '44', '0', 'The object accelerates at a constant rate of 9.8 m/s²', '0', 'The object accelerates at a constant rate of 9.8 m/s²', 1, 1, 103, '[\"The object accelerates at a constant rate of 9.8 m/s\\u00b2\", \"The object\'s velocity remains constant\", \"The object experiences zero net force\", \"The object\'s acceleration increases with time\"]', '2025-08-09 04:48:11'),
(76, 31, '45', '0', 'Relying solely on memorization', '1', 'Practicing problems and reviewing concepts', 0, 1, 104, '[\"Relying solely on memorization\", \"Practicing problems and reviewing concepts\", \"Ignoring formulae and focusing only on theory\", \"Studying the night before the exam\"]', '2025-08-09 04:48:11'),
(77, 32, '46', '0', '120', '0', '120', 1, 9, 1, '[\"120\", \"60\", \"20\", \"5\"]', '2025-08-09 04:54:04'),
(78, 32, '47', '0', '67600', '1', '175760', 0, 1, 2, '[\"67600\", \"175760\", \"15600\", \"100000\"]', '2025-08-09 04:54:04'),
(79, 32, '48', '0', '120', '2', '96', 0, 1, 3, '[\"120\", \"48\", \"96\", \"240\"]', '2025-08-09 04:54:04'),
(80, 32, '49', '0', '5040', '1', '210', 0, 1, 4, '[\"5040\", \"210\", \"120\", \"24\"]', '2025-08-09 04:54:04'),
(81, 32, '50', '0', '128', '0', '128', 1, 1, 5, '[\"128\", \"64\", \"49\", \"256\"]', '2025-08-09 04:54:04'),
(82, 32, '51', '0', '7', '1', '8', 0, 1, 6, '[\"7\", \"8\", \"9\", \"6\"]', '2025-08-09 04:54:04'),
(83, 32, '52', '0', '10', '0', '10', 1, 2, 7, '[\"10\", \"5\", \"20\", \"15\"]', '2025-08-09 04:54:04'),
(84, 32, '53', '0', '504', '0', '504', 1, 1, 1, '[\"504\", \"729\", \"648\", \"336\"]', '2025-08-09 04:54:04'),
(85, 32, '54', '0', '120', '2', '96', 0, 1, 2, '[\"120\", \"72\", \"96\", \"60\"]', '2025-08-09 04:54:04'),
(86, 32, '55', '0', '$T_{r+1} = C(n,r) a^{n-r} b^r$', '0', '$T_{r+1} = C(n,r) a^{n-r} b^r$', 1, 3, 3, '[\"$T_{r+1} = C(n,r) a^{n-r} b^r$\", \"$T_r = C(n,r) a^r b^{n-r}$\", \"$T_r = C(n,r) a^{n-r} b^r$\", \"$T_{r+1} = C(n,r) a^r b^{n-r}$\"]', '2025-08-09 04:54:04'),
(87, 33, '56', '0', '$2\\pi\\sqrt{\\frac{m}{k}}$', '0', '$2\\pi\\sqrt{\\frac{m}{k}}$', 1, 29, 8, '[\"$2\\\\pi\\\\sqrt{\\\\frac{m}{k}}$\", \"$\\\\frac{1}{2\\\\pi}\\\\sqrt{\\\\frac{k}{m}}$\", \"$\\\\pi\\\\sqrt{\\\\frac{k}{m}}$\", \"$2\\\\pi\\\\sqrt{\\\\frac{k}{m}}$\"]', '2025-08-09 12:08:30'),
(88, 33, '57', '0', '$y(x,t) = A\\sin(kx - \\omega t)$', '0', '$y(x,t) = A\\sin(kx - \\omega t)$', 1, 2, 9, '[\"$y(x,t) = A\\\\sin(kx - \\\\omega t)$\", \"$y(x,t) = A\\\\cos(kx + \\\\omega t)$\", \"$y(x,t) = A\\\\sin(kx + \\\\omega t)$\", \"$y(x,t) = A\\\\cos(kx - \\\\omega t)$\"]', '2025-08-09 12:08:30'),
(89, 33, '58', '0', 'Temperature', '0', 'Temperature', 1, 3, 10, '[\"Temperature\", \"Humidity\", \"Pressure\", \"Density\"]', '2025-08-09 12:08:30'),
(90, 33, '59', '0', '$C = \\frac{\\kappa \\epsilon_0 A}{d}$', '0', '$C = \\frac{\\kappa \\epsilon_0 A}{d}$', 1, 1, 11, '[\"$C = \\\\frac{\\\\kappa \\\\epsilon_0 A}{d}$\", \"$C = \\\\frac{\\\\epsilon_0 A}{d}$\", \"$C = \\\\frac{A}{\\\\kappa \\\\epsilon_0 d}$\", \"$C = \\\\frac{\\\\epsilon_0 A d}{\\\\kappa}$\"]', '2025-08-09 12:08:30'),
(91, 33, '60', '0', '$\\frac{\\epsilon - 1}{\\epsilon + 2} = \\frac{N\\alpha}{3\\epsilon_0}$', '0', '$\\frac{\\epsilon - 1}{\\epsilon + 2} = \\frac{N\\alpha}{3\\epsilon_0}$', 1, 2, 12, '[\"$\\\\frac{\\\\epsilon - 1}{\\\\epsilon + 2} = \\\\frac{N\\\\alpha}{3\\\\epsilon_0}$\", \"$\\\\frac{\\\\epsilon_0 - \\\\epsilon}{\\\\epsilon_0 + 2} = \\\\frac{N\\\\alpha}{3\\\\epsilon}$\", \"$\\\\frac{\\\\epsilon + 2}{\\\\epsilon - 1} = \\\\frac{N\\\\alpha}{3\\\\epsilon_0}$\", \"$\\\\frac{\\\\epsilon - 1}{\\\\epsilon + 1} = \\\\frac{N\\\\alpha}{3\\\\epsilon_0}$\"]', '2025-08-09 12:08:30'),
(92, 33, '61', '0', '$E = \\frac{E_0}{\\kappa}$', '0', '$E = \\frac{E_0}{\\kappa}$', 1, 1, 13, '[\"$E = \\\\frac{E_0}{\\\\kappa}$\", \"$E = \\\\kappa E_0$\", \"$E = E_0$\", \"$E = \\\\frac{E_0}{3\\\\kappa}$\"]', '2025-08-09 12:08:30'),
(93, 33, '62', '0', '$n = \\frac{c}{v}$', '0', '$n = \\frac{c}{v}$', 1, 1, 14, '[\"$n = \\\\frac{c}{v}$\", \"$n = \\\\frac{v}{c}$\", \"$n = \\\\frac{v}{\\\\sqrt{c}}$\", \"$n = \\\\frac{\\\\sqrt{c}}{v}$\"]', '2025-08-09 12:08:30'),
(94, 33, '63', '0', '$\\int_{-\\infty}^{\\infty} \\left| \\psi(x) \\right|^2 dx = 1$', '0', '$\\int_{-\\infty}^{\\infty} \\left| \\psi(x) \\right|^2 dx = 1$', 1, 1, 15, '[\"$\\\\int_{-\\\\infty}^{\\\\infty} \\\\left| \\\\psi(x) \\\\right|^2 dx = 1$\", \"$\\\\int_{-\\\\infty}^{\\\\infty} \\\\psi(x) dx = 1$\", \"$\\\\int_{0}^{\\\\infty} \\\\psi(x) dx = 0$\", \"$\\\\int_{-\\\\infty}^{\\\\infty} \\\\psi(x) dx = 0$\"]', '2025-08-09 12:08:30'),
(95, 33, '64', '0', 'Energy', '0', 'Energy', 1, 1, 16, '[\"Energy\", \"Momentum\", \"Mass\", \"Charge\"]', '2025-08-09 12:08:30'),
(96, 33, '65', '0', 'Increase', '0', 'Increase', 1, 1, 17, '[\"Increase\", \"Decrease\", \"Remain constant\", \"Depend on external factors\"]', '2025-08-09 12:08:30'),
(97, 34, '66', '0', '$\\mathrm{MLT^{-2}}$', '0', '$\\mathrm{MLT^{-2}}$', 1, 5, 125, '[\"$\\\\mathrm{MLT^{-2}}$\", \"$\\\\mathrm{ML^{2}T^{-2}}$\", \"$\\\\mathrm{MLT^{-1}}$\", \"$\\\\mathrm{MT^{-2}}$\"]', '2025-08-09 12:10:50'),
(98, 34, '67', '0', '$5$', '0', '$5$', 1, 8, 126, '[\"$5$\", \"$7$\", \"$1$\", \"$25$\"]', '2025-08-09 12:10:50'),
(99, 34, '68', '0', '$\\frac{u^{2}\\sin^{2}\\theta}{2g}$', '0', '$\\frac{u^{2}\\sin^{2}\\theta}{2g}$', 1, 1, 127, '[\"$\\\\frac{u^{2}\\\\sin^{2}\\\\theta}{2g}$\", \"$\\\\frac{u^{2}\\\\cos^{2}\\\\theta}{2g}$\", \"$\\\\frac{u\\\\sin\\\\theta}{g}$\", \"$\\\\frac{u^{2}\\\\sin\\\\theta\\\\cos\\\\theta}{g}$\"]', '2025-08-09 12:10:50'),
(100, 34, '69', '0', 'For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction', '0', 'For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction', 1, 2, 128, '[\"For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction\", \"Force equals mass times acceleration\", \"An object in motion stays in motion\", \"Friction opposes motion\"]', '2025-08-09 12:10:50'),
(101, 34, '70', '0', '$\\mu_k mg$', '2', '$\\mu_k N$', 0, 1, 129, '[\"$\\\\mu_k mg$\", \"$mg$\", \"$\\\\mu_k N$\", \"$N$\"]', '2025-08-09 12:10:50'),
(102, 34, '71', '0', '$\\frac{v^{2}}{r}$', '0', '$\\frac{v^{2}}{r}$', 1, 1, 130, '[\"$\\\\frac{v^{2}}{r}$\", \"$vr$\", \"$\\\\frac{r}{v^{2}}$\", \"$\\\\frac{v}{r^{2}}$\"]', '2025-08-09 12:10:50'),
(103, 34, '72', '0', '5%', '0', '5%', 1, 1, 125, '[\"5%\", \"6%\", \"1%\", \"0.06%\"]', '2025-08-09 12:10:50'),
(104, 34, '73', '0', '$\\vec{A} \\cdot \\vec{B} = 0$', '0', '$\\vec{A} \\cdot \\vec{B} = 0$', 1, 1, 126, '[\"$\\\\vec{A} \\\\cdot \\\\vec{B} = 0$\", \"$\\\\vec{A} \\\\cdot \\\\vec{B} = AB$\", \"$\\\\vec{A} \\\\cdot \\\\vec{B} = AB\\\\cos\\\\theta$\", \"$\\\\vec{A} \\\\cdot \\\\vec{B} = AB\\\\sin\\\\theta$\"]', '2025-08-09 12:10:50'),
(105, 34, '74', '0', '$\\sqrt{\\frac{2h}{g}}$', '0', '$\\sqrt{\\frac{2h}{g}}$', 1, 1, 127, '[\"$\\\\sqrt{\\\\frac{2h}{g}}$\", \"$\\\\frac{h}{g}$\", \"$\\\\frac{2h}{g}$\", \"$\\\\sqrt{\\\\frac{h}{g}}$\"]', '2025-08-09 12:10:50'),
(106, 34, '75', '0', '$\\frac{mv^{2}}{r}$', '0', '$\\frac{mv^{2}}{r}$', 1, 1, 128, '[\"$\\\\frac{mv^{2}}{r}$\", \"$mv$\", \"$\\\\frac{v^{2}}{r}$\", \"$mr$\"]', '2025-08-09 12:10:50'),
(107, 35, '67', '0', '[\"$5$\"', '0', '[\"$5$\"', 1, 3, 126, '[\"[\\\"$5$\\\"\", \"\\\"$7$\\\"\", \"\\\"$1$\\\"\", \"\\\"$25$\\\"]\"]', '2025-08-09 12:12:14'),
(108, 35, '68', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '0', '[\"$\\\\frac{u^{2}\\\\sin^{2}\\\\theta}{2g}$\"', 0, 0, 127, '[\"[\\\"$\\\\\\\\frac{u^{2}\\\\\\\\sin^{2}\\\\\\\\theta}{2g}$\\\"\", \"\\\"$\\\\\\\\frac{u^{2}\\\\\\\\cos^{2}\\\\\\\\theta}{2g}$\\\"\", \"\\\"$\\\\\\\\frac{u\\\\\\\\sin\\\\\\\\theta}{g}$\\\"\", \"\\\"$\\\\\\\\frac{u^{2}\\\\\\\\sin\\\\\\\\theta\\\\\\\\cos\\\\\\\\theta}{g}$\\\"]\"]', '2025-08-09 12:12:14'),
(109, 35, '75', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '0', '[\"$\\\\frac{mv^{2}}{r}$\"', 0, 0, 128, '[\"[\\\"$\\\\\\\\frac{mv^{2}}{r}$\\\"\", \"\\\"$mv$\\\"\", \"\\\"$\\\\\\\\frac{v^{2}}{r}$\\\"\", \"\\\"$mr$\\\"]\"]', '2025-08-09 12:12:14'),
(110, 35, '73', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '0', '[\"$\\\\vec{A} \\\\cdot \\\\vec{B} = 0$\"', 0, 0, 126, '[\"[\\\"$\\\\\\\\vec{A} \\\\\\\\cdot \\\\\\\\vec{B} = 0$\\\"\", \"\\\"$\\\\\\\\vec{A} \\\\\\\\cdot \\\\\\\\vec{B} = AB$\\\"\", \"\\\"$\\\\\\\\vec{A} \\\\\\\\cdot \\\\\\\\vec{B} = AB\\\\\\\\cos\\\\\\\\theta$\\\"\", \"\\\"$\\\\\\\\vec{A} \\\\\\\\cdot \\\\\\\\vec{B} = AB\\\\\\\\sin\\\\\\\\theta$\\\"]\"]', '2025-08-09 12:12:14'),
(111, 35, '74', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '0', '[\"$\\\\sqrt{\\\\frac{2h}{g}}$\"', 0, 0, 127, '[\"[\\\"$\\\\\\\\sqrt{\\\\\\\\frac{2h}{g}}$\\\"\", \"\\\"$\\\\\\\\frac{h}{g}$\\\"\", \"\\\"$\\\\\\\\frac{2h}{g}$\\\"\", \"\\\"$\\\\\\\\sqrt{\\\\\\\\frac{h}{g}}$\\\"]\"]', '2025-08-09 12:12:14'),
(112, 35, '70', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '2', '\"$\\\\mu_k N$\"', 0, 0, 129, '[\"[\\\"$\\\\\\\\mu_k mg$\\\"\", \"\\\"$mg$\\\"\", \"\\\"$\\\\\\\\mu_k N$\\\"\", \"\\\"$N$\\\"]\"]', '2025-08-09 12:12:14'),
(113, 35, '66', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '0', '[\"$\\\\mathrm{MLT^{-2}}$\"', 0, 0, 125, '[\"[\\\"$\\\\\\\\mathrm{MLT^{-2}}$\\\"\", \"\\\"$\\\\\\\\mathrm{ML^{2}T^{-2}}$\\\"\", \"\\\"$\\\\\\\\mathrm{MLT^{-1}}$\\\"\", \"\\\"$\\\\\\\\mathrm{MT^{-2}}$\\\"]\"]', '2025-08-09 12:12:14'),
(114, 35, '71', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '0', '[\"$\\\\frac{v^{2}}{r}$\"', 0, 0, 130, '[\"[\\\"$\\\\\\\\frac{v^{2}}{r}$\\\"\", \"\\\"$vr$\\\"\", \"\\\"$\\\\\\\\frac{r}{v^{2}}$\\\"\", \"\\\"$\\\\\\\\frac{v}{r^{2}}$\\\"]\"]', '2025-08-09 12:12:14'),
(115, 35, '72', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '0', '[\"5%\"', 0, 0, 125, '[\"[\\\"5%\\\"\", \"\\\"6%\\\"\", \"\\\"1%\\\"\", \"\\\"0.06%\\\"]\"]', '2025-08-09 12:12:14'),
(116, 35, '69', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '0', '[\"For every action', 0, 0, 128, '[\"[\\\"For every action\", \"there is an equal and opposite reaction\\\"\", \"\\\"Force equals mass times acceleration\\\"\", \"\\\"An object in motion stays in motion\\\"\", \"\\\"Friction opposes motion\\\"]\"]', '2025-08-09 12:12:14'),
(117, 36, '76', '0', '$\\frac{\\text{final value} - \\text{initial value}}{\\text{initial value}} \\times 100$', '0', '$\\frac{\\text{final value} - \\text{initial value}}{\\text{initial value}} \\times 100$', 1, 7, 125, '[\"$\\\\frac{\\\\text{final value} - \\\\text{initial value}}{\\\\text{initial value}} \\\\times 100$\", \"$\\\\frac{\\\\text{initial value} - \\\\text{final value}}{\\\\text{final value}} \\\\times 100$\", \"$\\\\frac{\\\\text{initial value} \\\\times 100}{\\\\text{final value}}$\", \"$\\\\frac{\\\\text{final value} \\\\times 100}{\\\\text{initial value}}$\"]', '2025-08-09 12:16:04'),
(118, 36, '77', '0', 'The resultant vector is formed by placing vectors tip to tail', '0', 'The resultant vector is formed by placing vectors tip to tail', 1, 1, 126, '[\"The resultant vector is formed by placing vectors tip to tail\", \"Vectors are added algebraically\", \"The angle between vectors is added to find the resultant\", \"The magnitude of the resultant is the difference of magnitudes\"]', '2025-08-09 12:16:04'),
(119, 36, '78', '0', '$\\frac{2 v_0 \\sin(\\theta)}{g}$', '0', '$\\frac{2 v_0 \\sin(\\theta)}{g}$', 1, 1, 127, '[\"$\\\\frac{2 v_0 \\\\sin(\\\\theta)}{g}$\", \"$\\\\frac{v_0 \\\\sin(\\\\theta)}{g}$\", \"$\\\\frac{v_0^2 \\\\sin(2\\\\theta)}{g}$\", \"$\\\\frac{g}{2 v_0 \\\\sin(\\\\theta)}$\"]', '2025-08-09 12:16:04'),
(120, 36, '79', '0', 'It doubles', '0', 'It doubles', 1, 1, 128, '[\"It doubles\", \"It triples\", \"It halves\", \"It remains the same\"]', '2025-08-09 12:16:04'),
(121, 36, '80', '0', 'The nature of the surfaces in contact', '1', 'The area of contact between the surfaces', 0, 1, 129, '[\"The nature of the surfaces in contact\", \"The area of contact between the surfaces\", \"The normal force acting on the surfaces\", \"The presence of lubricants\"]', '2025-08-09 12:16:04'),
(122, 36, '81', '0', '$\\frac{v^2}{r}$', '0', '$\\frac{v^2}{r}$', 1, 2, 130, '[\"$\\\\frac{v^2}{r}$\", \"$r \\\\cdot v^2$\", \"$\\\\frac{r}{v^2}$\", \"$r \\\\cdot a$\"]', '2025-08-09 12:16:04'),
(123, 36, '82', '0', '$9.8 \\text{ m/s}^2$', '3', '$9.81 \\text{ m/s}^2$', 0, 1, 125, '[\"$9.8 \\\\text{ m/s}^2$\", \"$10 \\\\text{ m/s}^2$\", \"$8.1 \\\\text{ m/s}^2$\", \"$9.81 \\\\text{ m/s}^2$\"]', '2025-08-09 12:16:04'),
(124, 36, '83', '0', 'Increases it up to 45 degrees, then decreases', '0', 'Increases it up to 45 degrees, then decreases', 1, 1, 126, '[\"Increases it up to 45 degrees, then decreases\", \"Always increases\", \"Always decreases\", \"Does not affect it\"]', '2025-08-09 12:16:04'),
(125, 36, '84', '0', 'Absolute difference of the two forces', '0', 'Absolute difference of the two forces', 1, 1, 127, '[\"Absolute difference of the two forces\", \"Sum of the two forces\", \"Product of the two forces\", \"Average of the two forces\"]', '2025-08-09 12:16:04'),
(126, 37, '85', '0', '$27$ m/s²', '0', '$27$ m/s²', 1, 5, 101, '[\"$27$ m/s\\u00b2\", \"$39$ m/s\\u00b2\", \"$12$ m/s\\u00b2\", \"$24$ m/s\\u00b2\"]', '2025-08-09 12:19:27'),
(127, 37, '86', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '1', '$50$ J', 0, 0, 102, '[\"$15$ J\", \"$50$ J\", \"$5$ J\", \"$25$ J\"]', '2025-08-09 12:19:27'),
(128, 37, '87', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '0', '$2$ m/s²', 0, 0, 103, '[\"$2$ m/s\\u00b2\", \"$4$ m/s\\u00b2\", \"$1$ m/s\\u00b2\", \"$3$ m/s\\u00b2\"]', '2025-08-09 12:19:27'),
(129, 37, '88', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '1', 'It quadruples', 0, 0, 104, '[\"It doubles\", \"It quadruples\", \"It remains the same\", \"It halves\"]', '2025-08-09 12:19:27'),
(130, 37, '89', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '0', '$10$ units', 0, 0, 105, '[\"$10$ units\", \"$12$ units\", \"$15$ units\", \"$8$ units\"]', '2025-08-09 12:19:27'),
(131, 37, '90', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '2', '$P \\cdot 2$ J', 0, 0, 106, '[\"$2P$ J\", \"$P$ J\", \"$P \\\\cdot 2$ J\", \"$2P \\\\cdot 2$ J\"]', '2025-08-09 12:19:27'),
(132, 37, '91', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '0', '$s = ut + \\frac{1}{2}at^{2}$', 0, 0, 101, '[\"$s = ut + \\\\frac{1}{2}at^{2}$\", \"$s = ut + at$\", \"$s = u + \\\\frac{1}{2}at^{2}$\", \"$s = \\\\frac{1}{2}ut^{2}$\"]', '2025-08-09 12:19:27'),
(133, 37, '92', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '0', 'Energy can neither be created nor destroyed, only converted from one form to another', 0, 0, 102, '[\"Energy can neither be created nor destroyed, only converted from one form to another\", \"Energy is always conserved in closed systems\", \"Energy can be created by an external force\", \"Energy is destroyed when work is done\"]', '2025-08-09 12:19:27'),
(134, 37, '93', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '0', '$9.8$ m/s²', 0, 0, 103, '[\"$9.8$ m/s\\u00b2\", \"$10$ m/s\\u00b2\", \"$8.5$ m/s\\u00b2\", \"$11$ m/s\\u00b2\"]', '2025-08-09 12:19:27'),
(135, 37, '94', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '0', 'Vectors and their operations', 0, 0, 104, '[\"Vectors and their operations\", \"Thermodynamics only\", \"Wave optics\", \"Quantum mechanics\"]', '2025-08-09 12:19:27'),
(136, 38, '95', '0', 'To determine the value of physical quantities with accuracy and precision', '0', 'To determine the value of physical quantities with accuracy and precision', 1, 4, 101, '[\"To determine the value of physical quantities with accuracy and precision\", \"To compare physical quantities qualitatively\", \"To create units for measuring different phenomena\", \"To ignore minor variations in measurements\"]', '2025-08-09 12:22:27'),
(137, 38, '96', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '2', 'Velocity', 0, 0, 102, '[\"Speed\", \"Distance\", \"Velocity\", \"Mass\"]', '2025-08-09 12:22:27'),
(138, 38, '97', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '3', 'All of the above', 0, 0, 103, '[\"$v = u + a t$\", \"$s = ut + \\\\frac{1}{2} a t^{2}$\", \"$v^{2} = u^{2} + 2 a s$\", \"All of the above\"]', '2025-08-09 12:22:27'),
(139, 38, '98', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '1', 'Acceleration of the object', 0, 0, 104, '[\"Mass of the object\", \"Acceleration of the object\", \"Velocity of the object\", \"Displacement of the object\"]', '2025-08-09 12:22:27'),
(140, 38, '99', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '1', 'Energy change in a system equals heat supplied minus work done by the system', 0, 0, 105, '[\"Energy can be created or destroyed\", \"Energy change in a system equals heat supplied minus work done by the system\", \"Heat always flows from hot to cold\", \"Work done on a system is always positive\"]', '2025-08-09 12:22:27'),
(141, 38, '100', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '2', 'Velocity', 0, 0, 106, '[\"Temperature\", \"Pressure\", \"Velocity\", \"Heat\"]', '2025-08-09 12:22:27'),
(142, 38, '101', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '0', 'It helps in calculating the total effect of multiple forces', 0, 0, 101, '[\"It helps in calculating the total effect of multiple forces\", \"It is only useful for scalar quantities\", \"It is irrelevant in most real-world scenarios\", \"It applies only to displacement, not force\"]', '2025-08-09 12:22:27'),
(143, 38, '102', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '2', 'Understanding complex dynamics problems', 0, 0, 102, '[\"Basic measurement concepts\", \"Kinematic equations\", \"Understanding complex dynamics problems\", \"Thermal expansion calculations\"]', '2025-08-09 12:22:27'),
(144, 38, '103', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '2', 'In-depth research on quantum physics', 0, 0, 103, '[\"Familiarization with exam format\", \"Study strategies for problem-solving\", \"In-depth research on quantum physics\", \"Review of fundamental concepts\"]', '2025-08-09 12:22:27'),
(145, 39, '98', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '1', '\"Acceleration of the object\"', 0, 0, 104, '[\"[\\\"Mass of the object\\\"\", \"\\\"Acceleration of the object\\\"\", \"\\\"Velocity of the object\\\"\", \"\\\"Displacement of the object\\\"]\"]', '2025-08-09 12:23:24'),
(146, 39, '103', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '2', '\"In-depth research on quantum physics\"', 0, 0, 103, '[\"[\\\"Familiarization with exam format\\\"\", \"\\\"Study strategies for problem-solving\\\"\", \"\\\"In-depth research on quantum physics\\\"\", \"\\\"Review of fundamental concepts\\\"]\"]', '2025-08-09 12:23:24'),
(147, 39, '96', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '2', '\"Velocity\"', 0, 0, 102, '[\"[\\\"Speed\\\"\", \"\\\"Distance\\\"\", \"\\\"Velocity\\\"\", \"\\\"Mass\\\"]\"]', '2025-08-09 12:23:24'),
(148, 39, '99', '0', '[\"Energy can be created or destroyed\"', '1', '\"Energy change in a system equals heat supplied minus work done by the system\"', 0, 13, 105, '[\"[\\\"Energy can be created or destroyed\\\"\", \"\\\"Energy change in a system equals heat supplied minus work done by the system\\\"\", \"\\\"Heat always flows from hot to cold\\\"\", \"\\\"Work done on a system is always positive\\\"]\"]', '2025-08-09 12:23:24'),
(149, 40, '104', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '2', 'Displacement of a moving particle', 0, 0, 101, '[\"Temperature of a heated object\", \"Speed of a car\", \"Displacement of a moving particle\", \"Mass of a body\"]', '2025-08-09 12:28:54'),
(150, 40, '105', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '0', '$s = ut + \\frac{1}{2}at^2$', 0, 0, 102, '[\"$s = ut + \\\\frac{1}{2}at^2$\", \"$s = ut - \\\\frac{1}{2}at^2$\", \"$s = ut + at$\", \"$s = \\\\frac{1}{2}u^2 + at$\"]', '2025-08-09 12:28:54'),
(151, 40, '106', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '2', 'Acceleration of the body', 0, 0, 103, '[\"Mass of the body\", \"Velocity of the body\", \"Acceleration of the body\", \"Displacement of the body\"]', '2025-08-09 12:28:54'),
(152, 40, '107', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '2', 'Both work done on and heat added to the system', 0, 0, 104, '[\"Work done on the system\", \"Heat added to the system\", \"Both work done on and heat added to the system\", \"Temperature of the system\"]', '2025-08-09 12:28:54'),
(153, 40, '108', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '0', 'Coulomb (C)', 0, 0, 105, '[\"Coulomb (C)\", \"Volt (V)\", \"Ohm (\\u03a9)\", \"Ampere (A)\"]', '2025-08-09 12:28:54'),
(154, 40, '109', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '1', '$0$', 0, 0, 106, '[\"$|\\\\vec{A}| \\\\times |\\\\vec{B}|$\", \"$0$\", \"$|\\\\vec{A}| + |\\\\vec{B}|$\", \"$|\\\\vec{A}| - |\\\\vec{B}|$\"]', '2025-08-09 12:28:54'),
(155, 40, '110', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '3', 'All of the above', 0, 0, 101, '[\"$v = u + at$\", \"$v^2 = u^2 + 2as$\", \"$s = ut + \\\\frac{1}{2}at^2$\", \"All of the above\"]', '2025-08-09 12:28:54'),
(156, 40, '111', '3', 'Emission of radiation', '0', 'Transfer of electrons within a material', 0, 3, 102, '[\"Transfer of electrons within a material\", \"Flow of electromagnetic waves\", \"Movement of fluid particles\", \"Emission of radiation\"]', '2025-08-09 12:28:54'),
(157, 41, '1', '0', 'Kilogram', '1', 'Newton', 0, 7, 125, '[\"Kilogram\", \"Newton\", \"Meter\", \"Joule\"]', '2025-08-09 12:32:32'),
(158, 41, '2', '0', '$5$', '0', '$5$', 1, 2, 126, '[\"$5$\", \"$7$\", \"$3\\\\sqrt{3}$\", \"$4\\\\sqrt{3}$\"]', '2025-08-09 12:32:32'),
(159, 41, '3', '0', '$\\frac{2u\\sin(\\theta)}{g}$', '0', '$\\frac{2u\\sin(\\theta)}{g}$', 1, 1, 127, '[\"$\\\\frac{2u\\\\sin(\\\\theta)}{g}$\", \"$\\\\frac{u\\\\cos(\\\\theta)}{g}$\", \"$\\\\frac{u\\\\sin(\\\\theta)}{g}$\", \"$\\\\frac{2u\\\\cos(\\\\theta)}{g}$\"]', '2025-08-09 12:32:32'),
(160, 41, '4', '0', '$F = m\\cdot a$', '0', '$F = m\\cdot a$', 1, 1, 128, '[\"$F = m\\\\cdot a$\", \"$F = \\\\frac{m}{a}$\", \"$F = m + a$\", \"$F = \\\\frac{a}{m}$\"]', '2025-08-09 12:32:32'),
(161, 41, '5', '0', '$5 N$', '0', '$5 N$', 1, 1, 129, '[\"$5 N$\", \"$15 N$\", \"$10 N$\", \"$0.5 N$\"]', '2025-08-09 12:32:32'),
(162, 41, '6', '0', '$\\frac{mv}{r}$', '1', '$\\frac{mv^{2}}{r}$', 0, 2, 130, '[\"$\\\\frac{mv}{r}$\", \"$\\\\frac{mv^{2}}{r}$\", \"$m\\\\cdot v$\", \"$mv$\"]', '2025-08-09 12:32:32'),
(163, 41, '7', '0', '$[M L T^{-2}]$', '0', '$[M L T^{-2}]$', 1, 2, 125, '[\"$[M L T^{-2}]$\", \"$[M L^{2} T^{-1}]$\", \"$[M T^{-2}]$\", \"$[L T^{-2}]$\"]', '2025-08-09 12:32:32'),
(164, 41, '8', '0', '$8 m/s^{2}$', '0', '$8 m/s^{2}$', 1, 1, 126, '[\"$8 m/s^{2}$\", \"$4 m/s^{2}$\", \"$10 m/s^{2}$\", \"$2 m/s^{2}$\"]', '2025-08-09 12:32:32'),
(165, 41, '9', '0', '$mg$', '0', '$mg$', 1, 1, 127, '[\"$mg$\", \"$0$\", \"$m\\\\cdot a$\", \"$mg^{2}$\"]', '2025-08-09 12:32:32'),
(166, 41, '10', '0', 'Friction', '1', 'Centripetal force', 0, 1, 128, '[\"Friction\", \"Centripetal force\", \"Normal force\", \"Gravitational force\"]', '2025-08-09 12:32:32'),
(167, 42, '1', '0', '$\\frac{text_{new} - text_{original}}{text_{original}} \\times 100$%', '0', '$\\frac{text_{new} - text_{original}}{text_{original}} \\times 100$%', 1, 10, 125, '[\"$\\\\frac{text_{new} - text_{original}}{text_{original}} \\\\times 100$%\", \"$\\\\frac{text_{original} - text_{new}}{text_{new}} \\\\times 100$%\", \"$\\\\frac{text_{new}}{text_{original}} \\\\times 100$%\", \"$\\\\frac{text_{original} - text_{new}}{text_{original}} \\\\times 100$%\"]', '2025-08-09 12:36:23'),
(168, 42, '2', '0', '$\\vec{v} = \\frac{\\Delta \\vec{s}}{\\Delta t}$', '0', '$\\vec{v} = \\frac{\\Delta \\vec{s}}{\\Delta t}$', 1, 1, 126, '[\"$\\\\vec{v} = \\\\frac{\\\\Delta \\\\vec{s}}{\\\\Delta t}$\", \"$\\\\vec{v} = \\\\Delta \\\\vec{s} \\\\times \\\\Delta t$\", \"$\\\\vec{v} = \\\\vec{s} \\\\times \\\\Delta t$\", \"$\\\\vec{v} = \\\\frac{\\\\Delta t}{\\\\Delta \\\\vec{s}}$\"]', '2025-08-09 12:36:23'),
(169, 42, '3', '0', '$\\frac{u^2 \\sin(2\\theta)}{g}$', '0', '$\\frac{u^2 \\sin(2\\theta)}{g}$', 1, 1, 127, '[\"$\\\\frac{u^2 \\\\sin(2\\\\theta)}{g}$\", \"$\\\\frac{u^2 \\\\cos^2(\\\\theta)}{g}$\", \"$\\\\frac{2u^2 \\\\sin(\\\\theta)}{g}$\", \"$\\\\frac{u^2 \\\\tan(\\\\theta)}{g}$\"]', '2025-08-09 12:36:23'),
(170, 42, '4', '0', '$\\mathbf{F} \\propto \\mathbf{a}$', '0', '$\\mathbf{F} \\propto \\mathbf{a}$', 1, 1, 128, '[\"$\\\\mathbf{F} \\\\propto \\\\mathbf{a}$\", \"$\\\\mathbf{F} \\\\propto \\\\mathbf{v}$\", \"$\\\\mathbf{F} \\\\propto \\\\mathbf{s}$\", \"$\\\\mathbf{F} \\\\propto \\\\mathbf{m}$\"]', '2025-08-09 12:36:23'),
(171, 42, '5', '0', '$20 \\text{ N}$', '0', '$20 \\text{ N}$', 1, 1, 129, '[\"$20 \\\\text{ N}$\", \"$10 \\\\text{ N}$\", \"$25 \\\\text{ N}$\", \"$50 \\\\text{ N}$\"]', '2025-08-09 12:36:23'),
(172, 42, '6', '0', 'It is directed towards the center of the circle', '0', 'It is directed towards the center of the circle', 1, 1, 130, '[\"It is directed towards the center of the circle\", \"It is zero\", \"It is always tangential to the path\", \"It points away from the center\"]', '2025-08-09 12:36:23'),
(173, 42, '7', '0', '$T = 2\\pi \\sqrt{\\frac{r^3}{GM}}$', '0', '$T = 2\\pi \\sqrt{\\frac{r^3}{GM}}$', 1, 1, 125, '[\"$T = 2\\\\pi \\\\sqrt{\\\\frac{r^3}{GM}}$\", \"$T = 2\\\\pi \\\\sqrt{\\\\frac{GM}{r^3}}$\", \"$T = \\\\frac{2\\\\pi r}{v}$\", \"$T = \\\\frac{1}{2\\\\pi} \\\\sqrt{\\\\frac{r^3}{GM}}$\"]', '2025-08-09 12:36:23'),
(174, 42, '8', '0', 'Speed', '0', 'Speed', 1, 1, 126, '[\"Speed\", \"Velocity\", \"Acceleration\", \"Tangential force\"]', '2025-08-09 12:36:23'),
(175, 43, '9', '0', '$\\left(\\textbf{n}-2\\right)!$', '0', '$\\left(\\textbf{n}-2\\right)!$', 1, 29, 1, '[\"$\\\\left(\\\\textbf{n}-2\\\\right)!$\", \"$\\\\left(\\\\textbf{n}-3\\\\right)!$\", \"$\\\\left(\\\\textbf{n}-1\\\\right)!$\", \"$\\\\left(\\\\textbf{n}-2\\\\right) \\\\times \\\\left(\\\\textbf{n}-3\\\\right)!$\"]', '2025-08-09 12:41:13'),
(176, 43, '10', '0', '$7! \\times \\binom{5}{3} \\times 3!$', '2', '$5! \\times \\binom{5}{3} \\times 3!$', 0, 2, 2, '[\"$7! \\\\times \\\\binom{5}{3} \\\\times 3!$\", \"$5! \\\\times 4! \\\\times 3$\", \"$5! \\\\times \\\\binom{5}{3} \\\\times 3!$\", \"$5! \\\\times 3! \\\\times 3$\"]', '2025-08-09 12:41:13'),
(177, 43, '11', '0', '$\\text{For all integers } n \\text{ and } k$', '2', '$\\text{Exactly when } 0 \\leq k \\leq n$', 0, 2, 3, '[\"$\\\\text{For all integers } n \\\\text{ and } k$\", \"$\\\\text{Only when } 1 \\\\leq k \\\\leq n-1$\", \"$\\\\text{Exactly when } 0 \\\\leq k \\\\leq n$\", \"$\\\\text{Only when } n \\\\text{ is even}$\"]', '2025-08-09 12:41:13'),
(178, 43, '12', '0', 'The \\((k+1)^{th}\\) term, where \\( k = \\frac{n}{2} \\)', '2', 'The \\(k^{th}\\) term, where \\( k = \\frac{n}{2} \\)', 0, 1, 4, '[\"The \\\\((k+1)^{th}\\\\) term, where \\\\( k = \\\\frac{n}{2} \\\\)\", \"The \\\\(k^{th}\\\\) term, where \\\\( k = \\\\frac{n}{2} + 1 \\\\)\", \"The \\\\(k^{th}\\\\) term, where \\\\( k = \\\\frac{n}{2} \\\\)\", \"The \\\\(k^{th}\\\\) term, where \\\\( k = \\\\frac{n}{2} - 1 \\\\)\"]', '2025-08-09 12:41:13'),
(179, 43, '13', '0', '$\\binom{n}{\\frac{n}{2}}$', '0', '$\\binom{n}{\\frac{n}{2}}$', 1, 1, 5, '[\"$\\\\binom{n}{\\\\frac{n}{2}}$\", \"$2^{n}$\", \"$\\\\frac{n!}{(\\\\frac{n}{2})! (\\\\frac{n}{2})!}$\", \"$\\\\binom{n}{\\\\frac{n}{2}} \\\\times 2^{\\\\frac{n}{2}}$\"]', '2025-08-09 12:41:13'),
(180, 43, '14', '0', '$\\left( a + b \\right)^n$ evaluated at $a = 1$, $b = 1$', '2', 'Both A and B', 0, 1, 6, '[\"$\\\\left( a + b \\\\right)^n$ evaluated at $a = 1$, $b = 1$\", \"$2^n$\", \"Both A and B\", \"None of the above\"]', '2025-08-09 12:41:13'),
(181, 44, '15', '0', '$5 \\times 4 \\times 3 \\times 2$', '0', '$5 \\times 4 \\times 3 \\times 2$', 1, 8, 1, '[\"$5 \\\\times 4 \\\\times 3 \\\\times 2$\", \"$5^4$\", \"$4 \\\\times 3 \\\\times 2 \\\\times 1$\", \"$\\\\frac{5!}{1!}$\"]', '2025-08-09 12:57:43'),
(182, 44, '16', '1', '$26 \\times 25 \\times 24 \\times 10 \\times 9$', '0', '$26^3 \\times 10^2$', 0, 2, 2, '[\"$26^3 \\\\times 10^2$\", \"$26 \\\\times 25 \\\\times 24 \\\\times 10 \\\\times 9$\", \"$26^5$\", \"$10^3 \\\\times 26^2$\"]', '2025-08-09 12:57:43'),
(183, 44, '17', '0', '$4! \\times 2!$', '0', '$4! \\times 2!$', 1, 2, 3, '[\"$4! \\\\times 2!$\", \"$5! - 2!$\", \"$5 \\\\times 4 \\\\times 3 \\\\times 2 \\\\times 1$\", \"$2 \\\\times 5!$\"]', '2025-08-09 12:57:43'),
(184, 44, '18', '0', '$\\binom{10}{4}$', '0', '$\\binom{10}{4}$', 1, 1, 4, '[\"$\\\\binom{10}{4}$\", \"$10 \\\\times 9 \\\\times 8 \\\\times 7$\", \"$\\\\frac{10!}{6!}$\", \"$\\\\binom{4}{10}$\"]', '2025-08-09 12:57:43'),
(185, 44, '19', '0', '$9 \\times 8 \\times 7$', '0', '$9 \\times 8 \\times 7$', 1, 1, 5, '[\"$9 \\\\times 8 \\\\times 7$\", \"$9^3$\", \"$3!$\", \"$\\\\binom{9}{3}$\"]', '2025-08-09 12:57:43'),
(186, 44, '20', '0', '$\\binom{5}{3}$', '0', '$\\binom{5}{3}$', 1, 1, 6, '[\"$\\\\binom{5}{3}$\", \"$\\\\binom{5}{2}$\", \"$\\\\binom{5}{5}$\", \"$\\\\binom{5}{1}$\"]', '2025-08-09 12:57:43'),
(187, 44, '21', '0', '$\\frac{11!}{2!2!}$', '3', '$\\frac{11!}{2!2!2!}$', 0, 1, 7, '[\"$\\\\frac{11!}{2!2!}$\", \"$11!$\", \"$\\\\frac{11!}{2!}$\", \"$\\\\frac{11!}{2!2!2!}$\"]', '2025-08-09 12:57:43'),
(188, 44, '22', '0', '$\\sum_{k=2}^{5} \\binom{6}{k} \\binom{8}{5-k}$', '0', '$\\sum_{k=2}^{5} \\binom{6}{k} \\binom{8}{5-k}$', 1, 1, 1, '[\"$\\\\sum_{k=2}^{5} \\\\binom{6}{k} \\\\binom{8}{5-k}$\", \"$\\\\binom{14}{5}$\", \"$\\\\binom{6}{2} \\\\times \\\\binom{8}{3}$\", \"$\\\\binom{6}{3} \\\\times \\\\binom{8}{2}$\"]', '2025-08-09 12:57:43'),
(189, 44, '23', '0', '$T_{r+1} = \\binom{n}{r} a^{n-r} b^r$', '0', '$T_{r+1} = \\binom{n}{r} a^{n-r} b^r$', 1, 1, 2, '[\"$T_{r+1} = \\\\binom{n}{r} a^{n-r} b^r$\", \"$T_r = \\\\binom{n}{r} a^r b^{n-r}$\", \"$T_r = \\\\binom{n}{r} a^{n-r} b^r$\", \"$T_{r+1} = \\\\binom{n}{r} a^r b^{n-r}$\"]', '2025-08-09 12:57:43'),
(190, 44, '24', '0', '$\\binom{10}{5}$', '0', '$\\binom{10}{5}$', 1, 1, 3, '[\"$\\\\binom{10}{5}$\", \"$10 \\\\times 9 \\\\times 8 \\\\times 7 \\\\times 6$\", \"$\\\\frac{10!}{5!}$\", \"$\\\\binom{5}{10}$\"]', '2025-08-09 12:57:43'),
(191, 45, '17', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '0', '[\"$4! \\\\times 2!$\"', 0, 0, 3, '[\"[\\\"$4! \\\\\\\\times 2!$\\\"\", \"\\\"$5! - 2!$\\\"\", \"\\\"$5 \\\\\\\\times 4 \\\\\\\\times 3 \\\\\\\\times 2 \\\\\\\\times 1$\\\"\", \"\\\"$2 \\\\\\\\times 5!$\\\"]\"]', '2025-08-09 12:58:43'),
(192, 45, '9', '3', '\"$\\\\left(\\\\textbf{n}-2\\\\right) \\\\times \\\\left(\\\\textbf{n}-3\\\\right)!$\"]', '0', '[\"$\\\\left(\\\\textbf{n}-2\\\\right)!$\"', 0, 0, 1, '[\"[\\\"$\\\\\\\\left(\\\\\\\\textbf{n}-2\\\\\\\\right)!$\\\"\", \"\\\"$\\\\\\\\left(\\\\\\\\textbf{n}-3\\\\\\\\right)!$\\\"\", \"\\\"$\\\\\\\\left(\\\\\\\\textbf{n}-1\\\\\\\\right)!$\\\"\", \"\\\"$\\\\\\\\left(\\\\\\\\textbf{n}-2\\\\\\\\right) \\\\\\\\times \\\\\\\\left(\\\\\\\\textbf{n}-3\\\\\\\\right)!$\\\"]\"]', '2025-08-09 12:58:43'),
(193, 45, '14', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '2', '\"$2^n$\"', 0, 0, 6, '[\"[\\\"$\\\\\\\\left( a + b \\\\\\\\right)^n$ evaluated at $a = 1$\", \"$b = 1$\\\"\", \"\\\"$2^n$\\\"\", \"\\\"Both A and B\\\"\", \"\\\"None of the above\\\"]\"]', '2025-08-09 12:58:43'),
(194, 45, '23', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '0', '[\"$T_{r+1} = \\\\binom{n}{r} a^{n-r} b^r$\"', 0, 0, 2, '[\"[\\\"$T_{r+1} = \\\\\\\\binom{n}{r} a^{n-r} b^r$\\\"\", \"\\\"$T_r = \\\\\\\\binom{n}{r} a^r b^{n-r}$\\\"\", \"\\\"$T_r = \\\\\\\\binom{n}{r} a^{n-r} b^r$\\\"\", \"\\\"$T_{r+1} = \\\\\\\\binom{n}{r} a^r b^{n-r}$\\\"]\"]', '2025-08-09 12:58:43'),
(195, 45, '22', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '0', '[\"$\\\\sum_{k=2}^{5} \\\\binom{6}{k} \\\\binom{8}{5-k}$\"', 0, 0, 1, '[\"[\\\"$\\\\\\\\sum_{k=2}^{5} \\\\\\\\binom{6}{k} \\\\\\\\binom{8}{5-k}$\\\"\", \"\\\"$\\\\\\\\binom{14}{5}$\\\"\", \"\\\"$\\\\\\\\binom{6}{2} \\\\\\\\times \\\\\\\\binom{8}{3}$\\\"\", \"\\\"$\\\\\\\\binom{6}{3} \\\\\\\\times \\\\\\\\binom{8}{2}$\\\"]\"]', '2025-08-09 12:58:43'),
(196, 45, '20', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '0', '[\"$\\\\binom{5}{3}$\"', 0, 0, 6, '[\"[\\\"$\\\\\\\\binom{5}{3}$\\\"\", \"\\\"$\\\\\\\\binom{5}{2}$\\\"\", \"\\\"$\\\\\\\\binom{5}{5}$\\\"\", \"\\\"$\\\\\\\\binom{5}{1}$\\\"]\"]', '2025-08-09 12:58:43'),
(197, 45, '21', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '3', '\"$\\\\frac{11!}{2!2!2!}$\"]', 0, 0, 7, '[\"[\\\"$\\\\\\\\frac{11!}{2!2!}$\\\"\", \"\\\"$11!$\\\"\", \"\\\"$\\\\\\\\frac{11!}{2!}$\\\"\", \"\\\"$\\\\\\\\frac{11!}{2!2!2!}$\\\"]\"]', '2025-08-09 12:58:43'),
(198, 45, '12', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '2', '\"The \\\\(k^{th}\\\\) term', 0, 0, 4, '[\"[\\\"The \\\\\\\\((k+1)^{th}\\\\\\\\) term\", \"where \\\\\\\\( k = \\\\\\\\frac{n}{2} \\\\\\\\)\\\"\", \"\\\"The \\\\\\\\(k^{th}\\\\\\\\) term\", \"where \\\\\\\\( k = \\\\\\\\frac{n}{2} + 1 \\\\\\\\)\\\"\", \"\\\"The \\\\\\\\(k^{th}\\\\\\\\) term\", \"where \\\\\\\\( k = \\\\\\\\frac{n}{2} \\\\\\\\)\\\"\", \"\\\"The \\\\\\\\(k^{th}\\\\\\\\) term\", \"where \\\\\\\\( k = \\\\\\\\frac{n}{2} - 1 \\\\\\\\)\\\"]\"]', '2025-08-09 12:58:43'),
(199, 45, '24', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '0', '[\"$\\\\binom{10}{5}$\"', 0, 0, 3, '[\"[\\\"$\\\\\\\\binom{10}{5}$\\\"\", \"\\\"$10 \\\\\\\\times 9 \\\\\\\\times 8 \\\\\\\\times 7 \\\\\\\\times 6$\\\"\", \"\\\"$\\\\\\\\frac{10!}{5!}$\\\"\", \"\\\"$\\\\\\\\binom{5}{10}$\\\"]\"]', '2025-08-09 12:58:43'),
(200, 45, '11', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '2', '\"$\\\\text{Exactly when } 0 \\\\leq k \\\\leq n$\"', 0, 0, 3, '[\"[\\\"$\\\\\\\\text{For all integers } n \\\\\\\\text{ and } k$\\\"\", \"\\\"$\\\\\\\\text{Only when } 1 \\\\\\\\leq k \\\\\\\\leq n-1$\\\"\", \"\\\"$\\\\\\\\text{Exactly when } 0 \\\\\\\\leq k \\\\\\\\leq n$\\\"\", \"\\\"$\\\\\\\\text{Only when } n \\\\\\\\text{ is even}$\\\"]\"]', '2025-08-09 12:58:43'),
(201, 45, '18', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '0', '[\"$\\\\binom{10}{4}$\"', 0, 0, 4, '[\"[\\\"$\\\\\\\\binom{10}{4}$\\\"\", \"\\\"$10 \\\\\\\\times 9 \\\\\\\\times 8 \\\\\\\\times 7$\\\"\", \"\\\"$\\\\\\\\frac{10!}{6!}$\\\"\", \"\\\"$\\\\\\\\binom{4}{10}$\\\"]\"]', '2025-08-09 12:58:43'),
(202, 45, '19', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '0', '[\"$9 \\\\times 8 \\\\times 7$\"', 0, 0, 5, '[\"[\\\"$9 \\\\\\\\times 8 \\\\\\\\times 7$\\\"\", \"\\\"$9^3$\\\"\", \"\\\"$3!$\\\"\", \"\\\"$\\\\\\\\binom{9}{3}$\\\"]\"]', '2025-08-09 12:58:43'),
(203, 45, '16', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '0', '[\"$26^3 \\\\times 10^2$\"', 0, 0, 2, '[\"[\\\"$26^3 \\\\\\\\times 10^2$\\\"\", \"\\\"$26 \\\\\\\\times 25 \\\\\\\\times 24 \\\\\\\\times 10 \\\\\\\\times 9$\\\"\", \"\\\"$26^5$\\\"\", \"\\\"$10^3 \\\\\\\\times 26^2$\\\"]\"]', '2025-08-09 12:58:43'),
(204, 45, '15', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '0', '[\"$5 \\\\times 4 \\\\times 3 \\\\times 2$\"', 0, 0, 1, '[\"[\\\"$5 \\\\\\\\times 4 \\\\\\\\times 3 \\\\\\\\times 2$\\\"\", \"\\\"$5^4$\\\"\", \"\\\"$4 \\\\\\\\times 3 \\\\\\\\times 2 \\\\\\\\times 1$\\\"\", \"\\\"$\\\\\\\\frac{5!}{1!}$\\\"]\"]', '2025-08-09 12:58:43'),
(205, 45, '13', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '0', '[\"$\\\\binom{n}{\\\\frac{n}{2}}$\"', 0, 0, 5, '[\"[\\\"$\\\\\\\\binom{n}{\\\\\\\\frac{n}{2}}$\\\"\", \"\\\"$2^{n}$\\\"\", \"\\\"$\\\\\\\\frac{n!}{(\\\\\\\\frac{n}{2})! (\\\\\\\\frac{n}{2})!}$\\\"\", \"\\\"$\\\\\\\\binom{n}{\\\\\\\\frac{n}{2}} \\\\\\\\times 2^{\\\\\\\\frac{n}{2}}$\\\"]\"]', '2025-08-09 12:58:43'),
(206, 46, '13', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '0', '[\"$\\\\binom{n}{\\\\frac{n}{2}}$\"', 0, 0, 5, '[\"[\\\"$\\\\\\\\binom{n}{\\\\\\\\frac{n}{2}}$\\\"\", \"\\\"$2^{n}$\\\"\", \"\\\"$\\\\\\\\frac{n!}{(\\\\\\\\frac{n}{2})! (\\\\\\\\frac{n}{2})!}$\\\"\", \"\\\"$\\\\\\\\binom{n}{\\\\\\\\frac{n}{2}} \\\\\\\\times 2^{\\\\\\\\frac{n}{2}}$\\\"]\"]', '2025-08-09 13:04:11'),
(207, 46, '22', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '0', '[\"$\\\\sum_{k=2}^{5} \\\\binom{6}{k} \\\\binom{8}{5-k}$\"', 0, 0, 1, '[\"[\\\"$\\\\\\\\sum_{k=2}^{5} \\\\\\\\binom{6}{k} \\\\\\\\binom{8}{5-k}$\\\"\", \"\\\"$\\\\\\\\binom{14}{5}$\\\"\", \"\\\"$\\\\\\\\binom{6}{2} \\\\\\\\times \\\\\\\\binom{8}{3}$\\\"\", \"\\\"$\\\\\\\\binom{6}{3} \\\\\\\\times \\\\\\\\binom{8}{2}$\\\"]\"]', '2025-08-09 13:04:11'),
(208, 46, '1', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '0', '[\"$\\\\frac{text_{new} - text_{original}}{text_{original}} \\\\times 100$%\"', 0, 0, 125, '[\"[\\\"$\\\\\\\\frac{text_{new} - text_{original}}{text_{original}} \\\\\\\\times 100$%\\\"\", \"\\\"$\\\\\\\\frac{text_{original} - text_{new}}{text_{new}} \\\\\\\\times 100$%\\\"\", \"\\\"$\\\\\\\\frac{text_{new}}{text_{original}} \\\\\\\\times 100$%\\\"\", \"\\\"$\\\\\\\\frac{text_{original} - text_{new}}{text_{original}} \\\\\\\\times 100$%\\\"]\"]', '2025-08-09 13:04:11'),
(209, 46, '5', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '0', '[\"$20 \\\\text{ N}$\"', 0, 0, 129, '[\"[\\\"$20 \\\\\\\\text{ N}$\\\"\", \"\\\"$10 \\\\\\\\text{ N}$\\\"\", \"\\\"$25 \\\\\\\\text{ N}$\\\"\", \"\\\"$50 \\\\\\\\text{ N}$\\\"]\"]', '2025-08-09 13:04:11'),
(210, 46, '19', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '0', '[\"$9 \\\\times 8 \\\\times 7$\"', 0, 0, 5, '[\"[\\\"$9 \\\\\\\\times 8 \\\\\\\\times 7$\\\"\", \"\\\"$9^3$\\\"\", \"\\\"$3!$\\\"\", \"\\\"$\\\\\\\\binom{9}{3}$\\\"]\"]', '2025-08-09 13:04:11'),
(211, 46, '8', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '0', '[\"Speed\"', 0, 0, 126, '[\"[\\\"Speed\\\"\", \"\\\"Velocity\\\"\", \"\\\"Acceleration\\\"\", \"\\\"Tangential force\\\"]\"]', '2025-08-09 13:04:11'),
(212, 46, '21', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '3', '\"$\\\\frac{11!}{2!2!2!}$\"]', 0, 0, 7, '[\"[\\\"$\\\\\\\\frac{11!}{2!2!}$\\\"\", \"\\\"$11!$\\\"\", \"\\\"$\\\\\\\\frac{11!}{2!}$\\\"\", \"\\\"$\\\\\\\\frac{11!}{2!2!2!}$\\\"]\"]', '2025-08-09 13:04:11'),
(213, 46, '2', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '0', '[\"$\\\\vec{v} = \\\\frac{\\\\Delta \\\\vec{s}}{\\\\Delta t}$\"', 0, 0, 126, '[\"[\\\"$\\\\\\\\vec{v} = \\\\\\\\frac{\\\\\\\\Delta \\\\\\\\vec{s}}{\\\\\\\\Delta t}$\\\"\", \"\\\"$\\\\\\\\vec{v} = \\\\\\\\Delta \\\\\\\\vec{s} \\\\\\\\times \\\\\\\\Delta t$\\\"\", \"\\\"$\\\\\\\\vec{v} = \\\\\\\\vec{s} \\\\\\\\times \\\\\\\\Delta t$\\\"\", \"\\\"$\\\\\\\\vec{v} = \\\\\\\\frac{\\\\\\\\Delta t}{\\\\\\\\Delta \\\\\\\\vec{s}}$\\\"]\"]', '2025-08-09 13:04:11'),
(214, 46, '6', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '0', '[\"It is directed towards the center of the circle\"', 0, 0, 130, '[\"[\\\"It is directed towards the center of the circle\\\"\", \"\\\"It is zero\\\"\", \"\\\"It is always tangential to the path\\\"\", \"\\\"It points away from the center\\\"]\"]', '2025-08-09 13:04:11'),
(215, 46, '11', '2', '\"$\\\\text{Exactly when } 0 \\\\leq k \\\\leq n$\"', '2', '\"$\\\\text{Exactly when } 0 \\\\leq k \\\\leq n$\"', 1, 54, 3, '[\"[\\\"$\\\\\\\\text{For all integers } n \\\\\\\\text{ and } k$\\\"\", \"\\\"$\\\\\\\\text{Only when } 1 \\\\\\\\leq k \\\\\\\\leq n-1$\\\"\", \"\\\"$\\\\\\\\text{Exactly when } 0 \\\\\\\\leq k \\\\\\\\leq n$\\\"\", \"\\\"$\\\\\\\\text{Only when } n \\\\\\\\text{ is even}$\\\"]\"]', '2025-08-09 13:04:11'),
(216, 47, '16', '2', '\"$26^5$\"', '0', '[\"$26^3 \\\\times 10^2$\"', 0, 1, 2, '[\"[\\\"$26^3 \\\\\\\\times 10^2$\\\"\", \"\\\"$26 \\\\\\\\times 25 \\\\\\\\times 24 \\\\\\\\times 10 \\\\\\\\times 9$\\\"\", \"\\\"$26^5$\\\"\", \"\\\"$10^3 \\\\\\\\times 26^2$\\\"]\"]', '2025-08-09 13:07:36'),
(217, 47, '13', '1', '\"$2^{n}$\"', '0', '[\"$\\\\binom{n}{\\\\frac{n}{2}}$\"', 0, 1, 5, '[\"[\\\"$\\\\\\\\binom{n}{\\\\\\\\frac{n}{2}}$\\\"\", \"\\\"$2^{n}$\\\"\", \"\\\"$\\\\\\\\frac{n!}{(\\\\\\\\frac{n}{2})! (\\\\\\\\frac{n}{2})!}$\\\"\", \"\\\"$\\\\\\\\binom{n}{\\\\\\\\frac{n}{2}} \\\\\\\\times 2^{\\\\\\\\frac{n}{2}}$\\\"]\"]', '2025-08-09 13:07:36'),
(218, 47, '6', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '0', '[\"It is directed towards the center of the circle\"', 0, 0, 130, '[\"[\\\"It is directed towards the center of the circle\\\"\", \"\\\"It is zero\\\"\", \"\\\"It is always tangential to the path\\\"\", \"\\\"It points away from the center\\\"]\"]', '2025-08-09 13:07:36'),
(219, 47, '8', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '0', '[\"Speed\"', 0, 0, 126, '[\"[\\\"Speed\\\"\", \"\\\"Velocity\\\"\", \"\\\"Acceleration\\\"\", \"\\\"Tangential force\\\"]\"]', '2025-08-09 13:07:36'),
(220, 47, '23', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '0', '[\"$T_{r+1} = \\\\binom{n}{r} a^{n-r} b^r$\"', 0, 0, 2, '[\"[\\\"$T_{r+1} = \\\\\\\\binom{n}{r} a^{n-r} b^r$\\\"\", \"\\\"$T_r = \\\\\\\\binom{n}{r} a^r b^{n-r}$\\\"\", \"\\\"$T_r = \\\\\\\\binom{n}{r} a^{n-r} b^r$\\\"\", \"\\\"$T_{r+1} = \\\\\\\\binom{n}{r} a^r b^{n-r}$\\\"]\"]', '2025-08-09 13:07:36'),
(221, 47, '18', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '0', '[\"$\\\\binom{10}{4}$\"', 0, 0, 4, '[\"[\\\"$\\\\\\\\binom{10}{4}$\\\"\", \"\\\"$10 \\\\\\\\times 9 \\\\\\\\times 8 \\\\\\\\times 7$\\\"\", \"\\\"$\\\\\\\\frac{10!}{6!}$\\\"\", \"\\\"$\\\\\\\\binom{4}{10}$\\\"]\"]', '2025-08-09 13:07:36'),
(222, 47, '12', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '2', '\"The \\\\(k^{th}\\\\) term', 0, 0, 4, '[\"[\\\"The \\\\\\\\((k+1)^{th}\\\\\\\\) term\", \"where \\\\\\\\( k = \\\\\\\\frac{n}{2} \\\\\\\\)\\\"\", \"\\\"The \\\\\\\\(k^{th}\\\\\\\\) term\", \"where \\\\\\\\( k = \\\\\\\\frac{n}{2} + 1 \\\\\\\\)\\\"\", \"\\\"The \\\\\\\\(k^{th}\\\\\\\\) term\", \"where \\\\\\\\( k = \\\\\\\\frac{n}{2} \\\\\\\\)\\\"\", \"\\\"The \\\\\\\\(k^{th}\\\\\\\\) term\", \"where \\\\\\\\( k = \\\\\\\\frac{n}{2} - 1 \\\\\\\\)\\\"]\"]', '2025-08-09 13:07:36'),
(223, 47, '2', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '0', '[\"$\\\\vec{v} = \\\\frac{\\\\Delta \\\\vec{s}}{\\\\Delta t}$\"', 0, 0, 126, '[\"[\\\"$\\\\\\\\vec{v} = \\\\\\\\frac{\\\\\\\\Delta \\\\\\\\vec{s}}{\\\\\\\\Delta t}$\\\"\", \"\\\"$\\\\\\\\vec{v} = \\\\\\\\Delta \\\\\\\\vec{s} \\\\\\\\times \\\\\\\\Delta t$\\\"\", \"\\\"$\\\\\\\\vec{v} = \\\\\\\\vec{s} \\\\\\\\times \\\\\\\\Delta t$\\\"\", \"\\\"$\\\\\\\\vec{v} = \\\\\\\\frac{\\\\\\\\Delta t}{\\\\\\\\Delta \\\\\\\\vec{s}}$\\\"]\"]', '2025-08-09 13:07:36'),
(224, 47, '21', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '3', '\"$\\\\frac{11!}{2!2!2!}$\"]', 0, 0, 7, '[\"[\\\"$\\\\\\\\frac{11!}{2!2!}$\\\"\", \"\\\"$11!$\\\"\", \"\\\"$\\\\\\\\frac{11!}{2!}$\\\"\", \"\\\"$\\\\\\\\frac{11!}{2!2!2!}$\\\"]\"]', '2025-08-09 13:07:36'),
(225, 47, '1', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '0', '[\"$\\\\frac{text_{new} - text_{original}}{text_{original}} \\\\times 100$%\"', 0, 0, 125, '[\"[\\\"$\\\\\\\\frac{text_{new} - text_{original}}{text_{original}} \\\\\\\\times 100$%\\\"\", \"\\\"$\\\\\\\\frac{text_{original} - text_{new}}{text_{new}} \\\\\\\\times 100$%\\\"\", \"\\\"$\\\\\\\\frac{text_{new}}{text_{original}} \\\\\\\\times 100$%\\\"\", \"\\\"$\\\\\\\\frac{text_{original} - text_{new}}{text_{original}} \\\\\\\\times 100$%\\\"]\"]', '2025-08-09 13:07:36'),
(226, 48, '1', '0', '$\\frac{text_{new} - text_{original}}{text_{original}} \\times 100$%', '0', '$\\frac{text_{new} - text_{original}}{text_{original}} \\times 100$%', 1, 2, 125, '[\"$\\\\frac{text_{new} - text_{original}}{text_{original}} \\\\times 100$%\", \"$\\\\frac{text_{original} - text_{new}}{text_{new}} \\\\times 100$%\", \"$\\\\frac{text_{new}}{text_{original}} \\\\times 100$%\", \"$\\\\frac{text_{original} - text_{new}}{text_{original}} \\\\times 100$%\"]', '2025-08-12 04:17:57'),
(227, 48, '2', '1', '$\\vec{v} = \\Delta \\vec{s} \\times \\Delta t$', '0', '$\\vec{v} = \\frac{\\Delta \\vec{s}}{\\Delta t}$', 0, 2, 126, '[\"$\\\\vec{v} = \\\\frac{\\\\Delta \\\\vec{s}}{\\\\Delta t}$\", \"$\\\\vec{v} = \\\\Delta \\\\vec{s} \\\\times \\\\Delta t$\", \"$\\\\vec{v} = \\\\vec{s} \\\\times \\\\Delta t$\", \"$\\\\vec{v} = \\\\frac{\\\\Delta t}{\\\\Delta \\\\vec{s}}$\"]', '2025-08-12 04:17:57'),
(228, 48, '3', '0', '$\\frac{u^2 \\sin(2\\theta)}{g}$', '0', '$\\frac{u^2 \\sin(2\\theta)}{g}$', 1, 2, 127, '[\"$\\\\frac{u^2 \\\\sin(2\\\\theta)}{g}$\", \"$\\\\frac{u^2 \\\\cos^2(\\\\theta)}{g}$\", \"$\\\\frac{2u^2 \\\\sin(\\\\theta)}{g}$\", \"$\\\\frac{u^2 \\\\tan(\\\\theta)}{g}$\"]', '2025-08-12 04:17:57'),
(229, 49, '9', '0', '$\\left(\\textbf{n}-2\\right)!$', '0', '$\\left(\\textbf{n}-2\\right)!$', 1, 4, NULL, '[{\"option_id\": \"0\", \"option_text\": \"$\\\\left(\\\\textbf{n}-2\\\\right)!$\", \"is_correct\": true}, {\"option_id\": \"1\", \"option_text\": \"$\\\\left(\\\\textbf{n}-3\\\\right)!$\", \"is_correct\": false}, {\"option_id\": \"2\", \"option_text\": \"$\\\\left(\\\\textbf{n}-1\\\\right)!$\", \"is_correct\": false}, {\"option_id\": \"3\", \"option_text\": \"$\\\\left(\\\\textbf{n}-2\\\\right) \\\\times \\\\left(\\\\textbf{n}-3\\\\right)!$\", \"is_correct\": false}]', '2025-08-12 04:33:02'),
(230, 49, '15', '0', '$5 \\times 4 \\times 3 \\times 2$', '0', '$5 \\times 4 \\times 3 \\times 2$', 1, 3, NULL, '[{\"option_id\": \"0\", \"option_text\": \"$5 \\\\times 4 \\\\times 3 \\\\times 2$\", \"is_correct\": true}, {\"option_id\": \"1\", \"option_text\": \"$5^4$\", \"is_correct\": false}, {\"option_id\": \"2\", \"option_text\": \"$4 \\\\times 3 \\\\times 2 \\\\times 1$\", \"is_correct\": false}, {\"option_id\": \"3\", \"option_text\": \"$\\\\frac{5!}{1!}$\", \"is_correct\": false}]', '2025-08-12 04:33:02');
INSERT INTO `quiz_question_responses` (`id`, `session_id`, `question_id`, `selected_option`, `selected_option_text`, `correct_option`, `correct_option_text`, `is_correct`, `time_taken`, `topic_id`, `all_options`, `created_at`) VALUES
(231, 49, '22', '0', '$\\sum_{k=2}^{5} \\binom{6}{k} \\binom{8}{5-k}$', '0', '$\\sum_{k=2}^{5} \\binom{6}{k} \\binom{8}{5-k}$', 1, 0, NULL, '[{\"option_id\": \"0\", \"option_text\": \"$\\\\sum_{k=2}^{5} \\\\binom{6}{k} \\\\binom{8}{5-k}$\", \"is_correct\": true}, {\"option_id\": \"1\", \"option_text\": \"$\\\\binom{14}{5}$\", \"is_correct\": false}, {\"option_id\": \"2\", \"option_text\": \"$\\\\binom{6}{2} \\\\times \\\\binom{8}{3}$\", \"is_correct\": false}, {\"option_id\": \"3\", \"option_text\": \"$\\\\binom{6}{3} \\\\times \\\\binom{8}{2}$\", \"is_correct\": false}]', '2025-08-12 04:33:02'),
(232, 50, '25', '0', 'Meter (m)', '0', 'Meter (m)', 1, 4, 101, '[\"Meter (m)\", \"Kilogram (kg)\", \"Second (s)\", \"Ampere (A)\"]', '2025-08-12 04:35:17'),
(233, 50, '26', '0', 'Speed', '2', 'Force', 0, 1, 102, '[\"Speed\", \"Mass\", \"Force\", \"Temperature\"]', '2025-08-12 04:35:17'),
(234, 50, '27', '0', '$v = u + at$', '0', '$v = u + at$', 1, 1, 103, '[\"$v = u + at$\", \"$v = u - at$\", \"$v = u \\\\times t$\", \"$v = \\\\frac{1}{2} at^2$\"]', '2025-08-12 04:35:17'),
(235, 50, '28', '0', '$F = m \\times a$', '0', '$F = m \\times a$', 1, 1, 104, '[\"$F = m \\\\times a$\", \"$F = \\\\frac{m}{a}$\", \"$F = \\\\frac{a}{m}$\", \"$F = m + a$\"]', '2025-08-12 04:35:17'),
(236, 50, '29', '0', 'Solid materials', '0', 'Solid materials', 1, 2, 105, '[\"Solid materials\", \"Gases\", \"Liquids\", \"Vacuum\"]', '2025-08-12 04:35:17'),
(237, 50, '30', '0', '$Q - W$', '0', '$Q - W$', 1, 1, 106, '[\"$Q - W$\", \"$Q + W$\", \"$W - Q$\", \"$Q \\\\times W$\"]', '2025-08-12 04:35:17'),
(238, 50, '31', '0', 'To understand the syllabus and exam pattern', '0', 'To understand the syllabus and exam pattern', 1, 1, 101, '[\"To understand the syllabus and exam pattern\", \"To learn all formulas\", \"To memorize all definitions\", \"To practice only numerical problems\"]', '2025-08-12 04:35:17'),
(239, 50, '32', '0', 'Vector addition', '0', 'Vector addition', 1, 1, 102, '[\"Vector addition\", \"Dot product\", \"Cross product\", \"Scalar multiplication\"]', '2025-08-12 04:35:17'),
(240, 50, '33', '0', '$s = \\frac{1}{2} a t^2$', '0', '$s = \\frac{1}{2} a t^2$', 1, 1, 103, '[\"$s = \\\\frac{1}{2} a t^2$\", \"$s = ut + \\\\frac{1}{2} a t^2$\", \"$s = v t$\", \"$s = \\\\sqrt{2 a s}$\"]', '2025-08-12 04:35:17'),
(241, 51, '9', '0', '$\\left(\\textbf{n}-2\\right)!$', '0', '$\\left(\\textbf{n}-2\\right)!$', 1, 9, NULL, '[{\"option_id\": \"0\", \"option_text\": \"$\\\\left(\\\\textbf{n}-2\\\\right)!$\", \"is_correct\": true}, {\"option_id\": \"1\", \"option_text\": \"$\\\\left(\\\\textbf{n}-3\\\\right)!$\", \"is_correct\": false}, {\"option_id\": \"2\", \"option_text\": \"$\\\\left(\\\\textbf{n}-1\\\\right)!$\", \"is_correct\": false}, {\"option_id\": \"3\", \"option_text\": \"$\\\\left(\\\\textbf{n}-2\\\\right) \\\\times \\\\left(\\\\textbf{n}-3\\\\right)!$\", \"is_correct\": false}]', '2025-08-12 15:52:49'),
(242, 51, '15', '0', '$5 \\times 4 \\times 3 \\times 2$', '0', '$5 \\times 4 \\times 3 \\times 2$', 1, 1, NULL, '[{\"option_id\": \"0\", \"option_text\": \"$5 \\\\times 4 \\\\times 3 \\\\times 2$\", \"is_correct\": true}, {\"option_id\": \"1\", \"option_text\": \"$5^4$\", \"is_correct\": false}, {\"option_id\": \"2\", \"option_text\": \"$4 \\\\times 3 \\\\times 2 \\\\times 1$\", \"is_correct\": false}, {\"option_id\": \"3\", \"option_text\": \"$\\\\frac{5!}{1!}$\", \"is_correct\": false}]', '2025-08-12 15:52:49'),
(243, 51, '22', '0', '$\\sum_{k=2}^{5} \\binom{6}{k} \\binom{8}{5-k}$', '0', '$\\sum_{k=2}^{5} \\binom{6}{k} \\binom{8}{5-k}$', 1, 0, NULL, '[{\"option_id\": \"0\", \"option_text\": \"$\\\\sum_{k=2}^{5} \\\\binom{6}{k} \\\\binom{8}{5-k}$\", \"is_correct\": true}, {\"option_id\": \"1\", \"option_text\": \"$\\\\binom{14}{5}$\", \"is_correct\": false}, {\"option_id\": \"2\", \"option_text\": \"$\\\\binom{6}{2} \\\\times \\\\binom{8}{3}$\", \"is_correct\": false}, {\"option_id\": \"3\", \"option_text\": \"$\\\\binom{6}{3} \\\\times \\\\binom{8}{2}$\", \"is_correct\": false}]', '2025-08-12 15:52:49'),
(244, 52, '30', '0', '$Q - W$', '0', '$Q - W$', 1, 3, 106, '[\"$Q - W$\", \"$Q + W$\", \"$W - Q$\", \"$Q \\\\times W$\"]', '2025-08-12 16:37:33'),
(245, 52, '18', '0', '$\\binom{10}{4}$', '0', '$\\binom{10}{4}$', 1, 1, 4, '[\"$\\\\binom{10}{4}$\", \"$10 \\\\times 9 \\\\times 8 \\\\times 7$\", \"$\\\\frac{10!}{6!}$\", \"$\\\\binom{4}{10}$\"]', '2025-08-12 16:37:33'),
(246, 52, '17', '0', '$4! \\times 2!$', '0', '$4! \\times 2!$', 1, 2, 3, '[\"$4! \\\\times 2!$\", \"$5! - 2!$\", \"$5 \\\\times 4 \\\\times 3 \\\\times 2 \\\\times 1$\", \"$2 \\\\times 5!$\"]', '2025-08-12 16:37:33'),
(247, 52, '29', '0', 'Solid materials', '0', 'Solid materials', 1, 1, 105, '[\"Solid materials\", \"Gases\", \"Liquids\", \"Vacuum\"]', '2025-08-12 16:37:33'),
(248, 52, '22', '0', '$\\sum_{k=2}^{5} \\binom{6}{k} \\binom{8}{5-k}$', '0', '$\\sum_{k=2}^{5} \\binom{6}{k} \\binom{8}{5-k}$', 1, 1, 1, '[\"$\\\\sum_{k=2}^{5} \\\\binom{6}{k} \\\\binom{8}{5-k}$\", \"$\\\\binom{14}{5}$\", \"$\\\\binom{6}{2} \\\\times \\\\binom{8}{3}$\", \"$\\\\binom{6}{3} \\\\times \\\\binom{8}{2}$\"]', '2025-08-12 16:37:33'),
(249, 52, '33', '0', '$s = \\frac{1}{2} a t^2$', '0', '$s = \\frac{1}{2} a t^2$', 1, 1, 103, '[\"$s = \\\\frac{1}{2} a t^2$\", \"$s = ut + \\\\frac{1}{2} a t^2$\", \"$s = v t$\", \"$s = \\\\sqrt{2 a s}$\"]', '2025-08-12 16:37:33'),
(250, 52, '14', '0', '$\\left( a + b \\right)^n$ evaluated at $a = 1$, $b = 1$', '2', 'Both A and B', 0, 1, 6, '[\"$\\\\left( a + b \\\\right)^n$ evaluated at $a = 1$, $b = 1$\", \"$2^n$\", \"Both A and B\", \"None of the above\"]', '2025-08-12 16:37:33'),
(251, 52, '12', '0', 'The \\((k+1)^{th}\\) term, where \\( k = \\frac{n}{2} \\)', '2', 'The \\(k^{th}\\) term, where \\( k = \\frac{n}{2} \\)', 0, 1, 4, '[\"The \\\\((k+1)^{th}\\\\) term, where \\\\( k = \\\\frac{n}{2} \\\\)\", \"The \\\\(k^{th}\\\\) term, where \\\\( k = \\\\frac{n}{2} + 1 \\\\)\", \"The \\\\(k^{th}\\\\) term, where \\\\( k = \\\\frac{n}{2} \\\\)\", \"The \\\\(k^{th}\\\\) term, where \\\\( k = \\\\frac{n}{2} - 1 \\\\)\"]', '2025-08-12 16:37:33'),
(252, 52, '20', '0', '$\\binom{5}{3}$', '0', '$\\binom{5}{3}$', 1, 1, 6, '[\"$\\\\binom{5}{3}$\", \"$\\\\binom{5}{2}$\", \"$\\\\binom{5}{5}$\", \"$\\\\binom{5}{1}$\"]', '2025-08-12 16:37:33'),
(253, 52, '19', '0', '$9 \\times 8 \\times 7$', '0', '$9 \\times 8 \\times 7$', 1, 1, 5, '[\"$9 \\\\times 8 \\\\times 7$\", \"$9^3$\", \"$3!$\", \"$\\\\binom{9}{3}$\"]', '2025-08-12 16:37:33'),
(254, 53, '34', '0', '$\\frac{Q_1 - Q_0}{Q_0} \\times 100 \\%$', '0', '$\\frac{Q_1 - Q_0}{Q_0} \\times 100 \\%$', 1, 57, 125, '[\"$\\\\frac{Q_1 - Q_0}{Q_0} \\\\times 100 \\\\%$\", \"$\\\\frac{Q_0 - Q_1}{Q_1} \\\\times 100 \\\\%$\", \"$\\\\frac{Q_1}{Q_0} \\\\times 100 \\\\%$\", \"$Q_1 - Q_0$\"]', '2025-08-14 10:35:56'),
(255, 53, '35', '0', '$10 \\cos 30^\\circ$, $10 \\sin 30^\\circ$', '0', '$10 \\cos 30^\\circ$, $10 \\sin 30^\\circ$', 1, 3, 126, '[\"$10 \\\\cos 30^\\\\circ$, $10 \\\\sin 30^\\\\circ$\", \"$10 \\\\times \\\\sin 30^\\\\circ$, $10 \\\\times \\\\cos 30^\\\\circ$\", \"$10 \\\\times \\\\tan 30^\\\\circ$, $10$ only\", \"$10$, $10$\"]', '2025-08-14 10:35:56'),
(256, 53, '36', '0', '$t = \\sqrt{\\frac{2h}{g}}$', '0', '$t = \\sqrt{\\frac{2h}{g}}$', 1, 1, 127, '[\"$t = \\\\sqrt{\\\\frac{2h}{g}}$\", \"$t = \\\\frac{h}{u}$\", \"$t = \\\\frac{u}{g}$\", \"$t = \\\\frac{\\\\sqrt{2h}}{g}$\"]', '2025-08-14 10:35:56'),
(257, 53, '37', '0', 'It must be zero', '0', 'It must be zero', 1, 1, 128, '[\"It must be zero\", \"It can be zero or non-zero\", \"It is always increasing\", \"It is always decreasing\"]', '2025-08-14 10:35:56'),
(258, 53, '38', '0', '$f_k = \\mu_k \\textbf{N}$', '0', '$f_k = \\mu_k \\textbf{N}$', 1, 1, 129, '[\"$f_k = \\\\mu_k \\\\textbf{N}$\", \"$f_k = \\\\frac{\\\\textbf{N}}{\\\\mu_k}$\", \"$f_k = \\\\mu_k \\\\times$ weight\", \"$f_k = \\\\textbf{N} - \\\\mu_k$\"]', '2025-08-14 10:35:56'),
(259, 53, '39', '0', '$\\textbf{F}_c = \\frac{mv^2}{r}$', '0', '$\\textbf{F}_c = \\frac{mv^2}{r}$', 1, 1, 130, '[\"$\\\\textbf{F}_c = \\\\frac{mv^2}{r}$\", \"$\\\\textbf{F}_c = \\\\frac{mr}{v^2}$\", \"$\\\\textbf{F}_c = mv^2r$\", \"$\\\\textbf{F}_c = \\\\frac{m}{rv^2}$\"]', '2025-08-14 10:35:56'),
(260, 53, '40', '0', 'The velocity is constant in magnitude but the acceleration is directed toward the center', '0', 'The velocity is constant in magnitude but the acceleration is directed toward the center', 1, 1, 125, '[\"The velocity is constant in magnitude but the acceleration is directed toward the center\", \"The velocity is constantly decreasing\", \"The acceleration is zero\", \"The velocity vector is perpendicular to the radius at all points\"]', '2025-08-14 10:35:56'),
(261, 54, '41', '0', 'A quantity with only magnitude', '2', 'A quantity with both magnitude and direction', 0, 12, 101, '[\"A quantity with only magnitude\", \"A quantity with only direction\", \"A quantity with both magnitude and direction\", \"A quantity that varies with time\"]', '2025-08-14 10:50:33'),
(262, 54, '42', '0', '$v = u + at$', '3', 'All of the above', 0, 1, 102, '[\"$v = u + at$\", \"$s = ut + \\\\frac{1}{2}at^{2}$\", \"$v^{2} = u^{2} + 2as$\", \"All of the above\"]', '2025-08-14 10:50:33'),
(263, 54, '43', '0', 'Mass multiplied by acceleration, $\\mathbf{F} \\propto m \\times a$', '0', 'Mass multiplied by acceleration, $\\mathbf{F} \\propto m \\times a$', 1, 1, 103, '[\"Mass multiplied by acceleration, $\\\\mathbf{F} \\\\propto m \\\\times a$\", \"Mass divided by acceleration\", \"Velocity multiplied by time\", \"Energy divided by displacement\"]', '2025-08-14 10:50:33'),
(264, 54, '44', '0', 'Hot air rising in the atmosphere', '1', 'Heat transfer through a metal rod brought in contact with a hot object', 0, 3, 104, '[\"Hot air rising in the atmosphere\", \"Heat transfer through a metal rod brought in contact with a hot object\", \"Heat transfer through electromagnetic waves in space\", \"Water boiling due to convection currents\"]', '2025-08-14 10:50:33'),
(265, 54, '45', '0', 'To convert chemical energy directly into electrical energy', '2', 'To convert heat energy into mechanical work repeatedly', 0, 1, 105, '[\"To convert chemical energy directly into electrical energy\", \"To transfer heat without doing work\", \"To convert heat energy into mechanical work repeatedly\", \"To achieve complete cooling\"]', '2025-08-14 10:50:33'),
(266, 54, '46', '0', '$\\text{Newton}$', '0', '$\\text{Newton}$', 1, 1, 106, '[\"$\\\\text{Newton}$\", \"$\\\\text{Joule}$\", \"$\\\\text{Watt}$\", \"$\\\\text{Pascal}$\"]', '2025-08-14 10:50:33'),
(267, 54, '47', '0', 'The ratio of *measured value* to *true value*', '1', 'The degree to which an instrument can measure with high precision and accuracy', 0, 2, 101, '[\"The ratio of *measured value* to *true value*\", \"The degree to which an instrument can measure with high precision and accuracy\", \"The maximum reading an instrument can give\", \"The speed at which an instrument responds to change\"]', '2025-08-14 10:50:33'),
(268, 54, '48', '0', 'Distance', '2', 'Displacement', 0, 2, 102, '[\"Distance\", \"Speed\", \"Displacement\", \"Mass\"]', '2025-08-14 10:50:33'),
(269, 54, '49', '0', 'Mass', '1', 'Length', 0, 1, 103, '[\"Mass\", \"Length\", \"Temperature\", \"Time\"]', '2025-08-14 10:50:33'),
(270, 55, '50', '0', '**Mass** × **Length** / **Time**$^2$', '0', '**Mass** × **Length** / **Time**$^2$', 1, 7, 125, '[\"**Mass** \\u00d7 **Length** / **Time**$^2$\", \"**Mass** / **Time**$^2$\", \"**Mass** \\u00d7 **Length** \\u00d7 **Time**\", \"**Mass** / **Length**$^2$\"]', '2025-08-14 10:52:06'),
(271, 55, '51', '0', '$\\langle 0, 0, -14 \\rangle$', '0', '$\\langle 0, 0, -14 \\rangle$', 1, 4, 126, '[\"$\\\\langle 0, 0, -14 \\\\rangle$\", \"$\\\\langle 0, 0, 10 \\\\rangle$\", \"$\\\\langle 0, 0, 2 \\\\rangle$\", \"$\\\\langle -10, 14, 0 \\\\rangle$\"]', '2025-08-14 10:52:06'),
(272, 55, '52', '0', '$\\frac{2 u \\sin \\theta}{g}$', '0', '$\\frac{2 u \\sin \\theta}{g}$', 1, 1, 127, '[\"$\\\\frac{2 u \\\\sin \\\\theta}{g}$\", \"$\\\\frac{u \\\\cos \\\\theta}{g}$\", \"$\\\\frac{u}{g}$\", \"$\\\\frac{u \\\\sin \\\\theta}{g}$\"]', '2025-08-14 10:52:06'),
(273, 55, '53', '0', '$\\vec{F} = m \\vec{a}$', '0', '$\\vec{F} = m \\vec{a}$', 1, 1, 128, '[\"$\\\\vec{F} = m \\\\vec{a}$\", \"$\\\\vec{a} = \\\\frac{\\\\vec{F}}{m}$\", \"$\\\\vec{F} = \\\\frac{1}{2} m \\\\vec{a}$\", \"$\\\\vec{a} = m \\\\vec{F}$\"]', '2025-08-14 10:52:06'),
(274, 55, '54', '0', 'It doubles', '0', 'It doubles', 1, 2, 129, '[\"It doubles\", \"It remains the same\", \"It halves\", \"It quadruples\"]', '2025-08-14 10:52:06'),
(275, 55, '55', '0', '$\\frac{v^2}{r}$', '0', '$\\frac{v^2}{r}$', 1, 2, 130, '[\"$\\\\frac{v^2}{r}$\", \"$\\\\frac{r}{v^2}$\", \"$\\\\frac{v}{r}$\", \"$\\\\frac{r v^2}{r^2}$\"]', '2025-08-14 10:52:06'),
(276, 55, '56', '0', '$\\frac{m v^2}{r}$', '0', '$\\frac{m v^2}{r}$', 1, 1, 125, '[\"$\\\\frac{m v^2}{r}$\", \"$m g$\", \"$m r v$\", \"$\\\\frac{1}{2} m v^2$\"]', '2025-08-14 10:52:06'),
(277, 56, '57', '0', 'To outline the **course objectives**, **assessment pattern**, and **schedule**.', '0', 'To outline the **course objectives**, **assessment pattern**, and **schedule**.', 1, 7, 8, '[\"To outline the **course objectives**, **assessment pattern**, and **schedule**.\", \"To provide only the list of homework problems.\", \"To describe the professor\'s biography.\", \"To replace the textbook with lecture notes.\"]', '2025-08-14 10:54:57'),
(278, 56, '58', '0', 'A single final exam determines all marks.', '1', 'A combination of quizzes, assignments, mid-term, and end-semester exams with defined weights.', 0, 1, 9, '[\"A single final exam determines all marks.\", \"A combination of quizzes, assignments, mid-term, and end-semester exams with defined weights.\", \"All evaluation is based on attendance.\", \"There is no defined pattern; questions vary randomly every year.\"]', '2025-08-14 10:54:57'),
(279, 56, '59', '0', 'The equation shown is the standard **damped harmonic oscillator** equation.', '0', 'The equation shown is the standard **damped harmonic oscillator** equation.', 1, 2, 10, '[\"The equation shown is the standard **damped harmonic oscillator** equation.\", \"The damping term is neglected.\", \"The natural frequency is independent of the mass *m*.\", \"The solution is always exponential decay with no oscillations.\"]', '2025-08-14 10:54:57'),
(280, 56, '60', '0', '$\\\\frac{\\\\partial^2 u}{\\\\partial t^2} = c^2 \\\\frac{\\\\partial^2 u}{\\\\partial x^2}$', '0', '$\\\\frac{\\\\partial^2 u}{\\\\partial t^2} = c^2 \\\\frac{\\\\partial^2 u}{\\\\partial x^2}$', 1, 5, 11, '[\"$\\\\\\\\frac{\\\\\\\\partial^2 u}{\\\\\\\\partial t^2} = c^2 \\\\\\\\frac{\\\\\\\\partial^2 u}{\\\\\\\\partial x^2}$\", \"$\\\\\\\\frac{\\\\\\\\partial u}{\\\\\\\\partial t} = c \\\\\\\\frac{\\\\\\\\partial u}{\\\\\\\\partial x}$\", \"$\\\\\\\\frac{\\\\\\\\partial^2 u}{\\\\\\\\partial x^2} = 0$\", \"$\\\\\\\\frac{\\\\\\\\partial^2 u}{\\\\\\\\partial t^2} = - c^2 \\\\\\\\frac{\\\\\\\\partial^2 u}{\\\\\\\\partial x^2}$\"]', '2025-08-14 10:54:57'),
(281, 56, '61', '0', 'L_I = 10 \\log_{10}(I/I_0)', '0', 'L_I = 10 \\log_{10}(I/I_0)', 1, 2, 12, '[\"L_I = 10 \\\\log_{10}(I/I_0)\", \"L_I = 20 \\\\log_{10}(p/p_0)\", \"L_I = 20 \\\\log_{10}(I/I_0)\", \"L_I = \\\\log_{10}(I/I_0)\"]', '2025-08-14 10:54:57'),
(282, 56, '62', '0', '$C = \\varepsilon_0 \\dfrac{A}{d}$', '1', '$C = \\kappa \\varepsilon_0 \\dfrac{A}{d}$', 0, 1, 13, '[\"$C = \\\\varepsilon_0 \\\\dfrac{A}{d}$\", \"$C = \\\\kappa \\\\varepsilon_0 \\\\dfrac{A}{d}$\", \"$C = \\\\dfrac{Q}{V}$\", \"$C = \\\\dfrac{A d}{\\\\varepsilon_0}$\"]', '2025-08-14 10:54:57'),
(283, 56, '63', '0', '\\\\frac{\\\\kappa - 1}{\\\\kappa + 2} = \\\\frac{N \\\\alpha}{3 \\\\varepsilon_0}', '0', '\\\\frac{\\\\kappa - 1}{\\\\kappa + 2} = \\\\frac{N \\\\alpha}{3 \\\\varepsilon_0}', 1, 1, 14, '[\"\\\\\\\\frac{\\\\\\\\kappa - 1}{\\\\\\\\kappa + 2} = \\\\\\\\frac{N \\\\\\\\alpha}{3 \\\\\\\\varepsilon_0}\", \"\\\\\\\\frac{\\\\\\\\kappa - 1}{\\\\\\\\kappa + 2} = \\\\\\\\frac{3N \\\\\\\\alpha}{\\\\\\\\varepsilon_0}\", \"\\\\\\\\frac{\\\\\\\\kappa + 2}{\\\\\\\\kappa - 1} = \\\\\\\\frac{N \\\\\\\\alpha}{3 \\\\\\\\varepsilon_0}\", \"\\\\\\\\frac{\\\\\\\\kappa - 1}{\\\\\\\\kappa + 2} = \\\\\\\\frac{\\\\\\\\varepsilon_0}{N \\\\\\\\alpha}\"]', '2025-08-14 10:54:57'),
(284, 56, '64', '0', 'c = 1/\\\\sqrt{\\\\mu_0 \\\\varepsilon_0}', '0', 'c = 1/\\\\sqrt{\\\\mu_0 \\\\varepsilon_0}', 1, 26, 15, '[\"c = 1/\\\\\\\\sqrt{\\\\\\\\mu_0 \\\\\\\\varepsilon_0}\", \"c = \\\\sqrt{\\\\\\\\mu_0 / \\\\\\\\varepsilon_0}\", \"c = \\\\sqrt{\\\\\\\\varepsilon_0 / \\\\\\\\mu_0}\", \"c = \\\\\\\\mu_0 \\\\\\\\varepsilon_0\"]', '2025-08-14 10:54:57'),
(285, 56, '65', '0', 'Total internal reflection occurs when the incidence angle is greater than the critical angle.', '0', 'Total internal reflection occurs when the incidence angle is greater than the critical angle.', 1, 1, 16, '[\"Total internal reflection occurs when the incidence angle is greater than the critical angle.\", \"Total internal reflection occurs for any incident angle.\", \"Total internal reflection occurs only when $n_1 < n_2$.\", \"Total internal reflection occurs when $\\\\\\\\cos\\\\\\\\theta_c = \\\\dfrac{n_2}{n_1}$.\"]', '2025-08-14 10:54:57'),
(286, 56, '66', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '0', '\\\\int_{-\\\\infty}^{\\\\infty} |\\\\psi(x,t)|^2 \\,dx = 1', 0, 0, 17, '[\"\\\\\\\\int_{-\\\\\\\\infty}^{\\\\\\\\infty} |\\\\\\\\psi(x,t)|^2 \\\\,dx = 1\", \"\\\\\\\\int_{-\\\\\\\\infty}^{\\\\\\\\infty} \\\\\\\\psi(x,t) \\\\,dx = 1\", \"|\\\\\\\\psi(x,t)|^2 = 1 \\\\\\\\text{for all } x\", \"\\\\\\\\psi(x,t) = 0 \\\\\\\\text{outside the normalization region}\"]', '2025-08-14 10:54:57'),
(287, 57, '67', '0', 'To record observations without units', '1', 'To assign numerical values to physical quantities accurately', 0, 5, 101, '[\"To record observations without units\", \"To assign numerical values to physical quantities accurately\", \"To make guesses about physical phenomena\", \"To convert units without any standard\"]', '2025-08-14 11:06:35'),
(288, 57, '68', '0', 'Speed', '2', 'Force', 0, 1, 102, '[\"Speed\", \"Mass\", \"Force\", \"Temperature\"]', '2025-08-14 11:06:35'),
(289, 57, '69', '0', '\\( v = u + at \\)', '3', 'All of the above', 0, 1, 103, '[\"\\\\( v = u + at \\\\)\", \"\\\\( s = ut + \\\\frac{1}{2} a t^2 \\\\)\", \"\\\\( v^2 = u^2 + 2as \\\\)\", \"All of the above\"]', '2025-08-14 11:06:35'),
(290, 57, '70', '0', 'Newton\'s first law', '1', 'Newton\'s second law', 0, 1, 104, '[\"Newton\'s first law\", \"Newton\'s second law\", \"Newton\'s third law\", \"Hooke\'s law\"]', '2025-08-14 11:06:35'),
(291, 57, '71', '0', 'Adiabatic process', '0', 'Adiabatic process', 1, 1, 105, '[\"Adiabatic process\", \"Isothermal process\", \"Isobaric process\", \"Isochoric process\"]', '2025-08-14 11:06:35'),
(292, 57, '72', '0', 'Focus only on memorizing formulas', '1', 'Understanding concepts and practicing problems', 0, 1, 106, '[\"Focus only on memorizing formulas\", \"Understanding concepts and practicing problems\", \"Ignoring practical sessions\", \"Relying entirely on shortcuts\"]', '2025-08-14 11:06:35'),
(293, 57, '73', '0', 'Addition', '0', 'Addition', 1, 2, 101, '[\"Addition\", \"Scalar multiplication\", \"Dot product\", \"Division\"]', '2025-08-14 11:06:35'),
(294, 57, '74', '0', 'They are unnecessary for measurements', '1', 'They help in standardizing measurements', 0, 1, 102, '[\"They are unnecessary for measurements\", \"They help in standardizing measurements\", \"They confuse the measurement process\", \"They are only used in chemistry\"]', '2025-08-14 11:06:35'),
(295, 57, '75', '0', 'It only has magnitude', '2', 'It has both magnitude and direction', 0, 2, 103, '[\"It only has magnitude\", \"It is a scalar quantity\", \"It has both magnitude and direction\", \"It is unrelated to position\"]', '2025-08-14 11:06:35'),
(296, 58, '86', '0', 'Details of assessment pattern and evaluation scheme', '0', 'Details of assessment pattern and evaluation scheme', 1, 5, 8, '[\"Details of assessment pattern and evaluation scheme\", \"Fundamentals of black body radiation\", \"Electromagnetic wave propagation\", \"Quantum mechanical principles\"]', '2025-08-14 11:14:01'),
(297, 58, '87', '0', 'Memorization of formulas', '1', 'Conceptual understanding and application', 0, 1, 9, '[\"Memorization of formulas\", \"Conceptual understanding and application\", \"Pure numerical calculations\", \"Historical development of theories\"]', '2025-08-14 11:14:01'),
(298, 58, '88', '0', 'A mass attached to a spring oscillating back and forth', '0', 'A mass attached to a spring oscillating back and forth', 1, 1, 10, '[\"A mass attached to a spring oscillating back and forth\", \"A projectile moving under gravity\", \"A pendulum swinging with large amplitudes\", \"A car accelerating on a straight road\"]', '2025-08-14 11:14:01'),
(299, 58, '89', '1', 'Waves are transverse and travel with speed $v = \\sqrt{\\frac{T}{\\mu}}$', '1', 'Waves are transverse and travel with speed $v = \\sqrt{\\frac{T}{\\mu}}$', 1, 2, 11, '[\"Waves reflect without any phase change\", \"Waves are transverse and travel with speed $v = \\\\sqrt{\\\\frac{T}{\\\\mu}}$\", \"Waves cannot propagate in a confined string\", \"Waves require an external source to maintain oscillations\"]', '2025-08-14 11:14:01'),
(300, 58, '90', '0', 'Reflection of sound waves', '3', 'Resonance', 0, 1, 12, '[\"Reflection of sound waves\", \"Doppler effect\", \"Standing wave formation\", \"Resonance\"]', '2025-08-14 11:14:01'),
(301, 58, '91', '0', 'The capacitance decreases', '1', 'The capacitance increases', 0, 1, 13, '[\"The capacitance decreases\", \"The capacitance increases\", \"The dielectric constant $\\\\kappa$ becomes negative\", \"The voltage across capacitor increases for a given charge\"]', '2025-08-14 11:14:01'),
(302, 58, '92', '0', 'Dielectric constant of the material', '0', 'Dielectric constant of the material', 1, 1, 14, '[\"Dielectric constant of the material\", \"Magnetic permeability\", \"Electrical conductivity\", \"Thermal conductivity\"]', '2025-08-14 11:14:01'),
(303, 58, '93', '0', '$\\nabla \\cdot \\mathbf{E} = \\frac{\\rho}{\\varepsilon_0}$', '0', '$\\nabla \\cdot \\mathbf{E} = \\frac{\\rho}{\\varepsilon_0}$', 1, 1, 15, '[\"$\\\\nabla \\\\cdot \\\\mathbf{E} = \\\\frac{\\\\rho}{\\\\varepsilon_0}$\", \"$\\\\nabla \\\\times \\\\mathbf{E} = - \\\\frac{\\\\partial \\\\mathbf{B}}{\\\\partial t}$\", \"$\\\\nabla \\\\cdot \\\\mathbf{B} = 0$\", \"$\\\\nabla \\\\times \\\\mathbf{B} = \\\\mu_0 \\\\mathbf{J}$\"]', '2025-08-14 11:14:01'),
(304, 58, '94', '0', 'Total internal reflection', '0', 'Total internal reflection', 1, 1, 16, '[\"Total internal reflection\", \"Refraction index matching\", \"Diffraction\", \"Rayleigh scattering\"]', '2025-08-14 11:14:01'),
(305, 58, '95', '0', '$\\int |\\psi|^2 dV = 1$', '0', '$\\int |\\psi|^2 dV = 1$', 1, 2, 17, '[\"$\\\\int |\\\\psi|^2 dV = 1$\", \"$\\\\int \\\\psi dV = 1$\", \"$\\\\psi$ is always real\", \"$\\\\psi$ has no zeros\"]', '2025-08-14 11:14:01'),
(306, 58, '96', '0', '$\\Delta U = Q - W$', '0', '$\\Delta U = Q - W$', 1, 1, 18, '[\"$\\\\Delta U = Q - W$\", \"$\\\\Delta U = Q + W$\", \"$\\\\Delta U = W - Q$\", \"$\\\\Delta U = QW$\"]', '2025-08-14 11:14:01'),
(307, 58, '97', '0', 'Heat flowing spontaneously from cold to hot', '0', 'Heat flowing spontaneously from cold to hot', 1, 1, 19, '[\"Heat flowing spontaneously from cold to hot\", \"A reversible process\", \"An isolated system reaching maximum entropy\", \"A heat engine converting heat fully into work\"]', '2025-08-14 11:14:01'),
(308, 59, '127', '0', 'शब्दहरूलाई जोड्ने', '0', 'शब्दहरूलाई जोड्ने', 1, 293, 33, '[\"\\u0936\\u092c\\u094d\\u0926\\u0939\\u0930\\u0942\\u0932\\u093e\\u0908 \\u091c\\u094b\\u0921\\u094d\\u0928\\u0947\", \"\\u0935\\u093f\\u091a\\u0932\\u0928 \\u0917\\u0930\\u094d\\u0928\\u0941\", \"\\u0935\\u093f\\u0930\\u094b\\u0927\\u0940 \\u0926\\u093f\\u0936\\u093e\\u092e\\u093e \\u0932\\u0947\\u0916\\u094d\\u0928\\u0941\", \"\\u0930\\u0902\\u0917\\u0940\\u0928 \\u092c\\u0928\\u093e\\u0909\\u0928\\u0947\"]', '2025-08-26 16:02:01'),
(309, 59, '128', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '0', 'वचन नाम', 0, 0, 34, '[\"\\u0935\\u091a\\u0928 \\u0928\\u093e\\u092e\", \"\\u0915\\u094d\\u0930\\u093f\\u092f\\u093e\", \"\\u0935\\u093f\\u0936\\u0947\\u0937\\u0923\", \"\\u0938\\u0930\\u094d\\u0935\\u0928\\u093e\\u092e\"]', '2025-08-26 16:02:01'),
(310, 59, '129', '0', 'गद्य कविता हुन्छ, पद्य मुख-पत्र', '2', 'गद्य वाचन र लेखनमा सामान्य हुन्छ, पद्य संरचित छन्द र छन्दसँग हुन्छ', 0, 1, 35, '[\"\\u0917\\u0926\\u094d\\u092f \\u0915\\u0935\\u093f\\u0924\\u093e \\u0939\\u0941\\u0928\\u094d\\u091b, \\u092a\\u0926\\u094d\\u092f \\u092e\\u0941\\u0916-\\u092a\\u0924\\u094d\\u0930\", \"\\u0917\\u0926\\u094d\\u092f \\u0935\\u093e\\u0915\\u094d\\u092f\\u093e\\u0902\\u0936\\u0930\\u0939\\u093f\\u0924 \\u0939\\u0941\\u0928\\u094d\\u091b, \\u092a\\u0926\\u094d\\u092f \\u0935\\u093e\\u0915\\u094d\\u092f\\u094b\\u0902\\u0915\\u094b \\u0938\\u0902\\u0917\\u094d\\u0930\\u0939\", \"\\u0917\\u0926\\u094d\\u092f \\u0935\\u093e\\u091a\\u0928 \\u0930 \\u0932\\u0947\\u0916\\u0928\\u092e\\u093e \\u0938\\u093e\\u092e\\u093e\\u0928\\u094d\\u092f \\u0939\\u0941\\u0928\\u094d\\u091b, \\u092a\\u0926\\u094d\\u092f \\u0938\\u0902\\u0930\\u091a\\u093f\\u0924 \\u091b\\u0928\\u094d\\u0926 \\u0930 \\u091b\\u0928\\u094d\\u0926\\u0938\\u0901\\u0917 \\u0939\\u0941\\u0928\\u094d\\u091b\", \"\\u0917\\u0926\\u094d\\u092f \\u0935\\u093e\\u0915\\u094d\\u092f\\u0939\\u0930\\u0942 \\u091b\\u094b\\u091f\\u094b \\u0939\\u0941\\u0928\\u094d\\u091b\\u0928\\u094d, \\u092a\\u0926\\u094d\\u092f \\u0932\\u093e\\u092e\\u094b \\u0939\\u0941\\u0928\\u094d\\u091b\\u0928\\u094d\"]', '2025-08-26 16:02:01'),
(311, 59, '130', '0', 'शब्दको संग्रह', '2', 'समान अर्थ भएका नयाँ शब्दहरूको समावेशीकरण', 0, 1, 36, '[\"\\u0936\\u092c\\u094d\\u0926\\u0915\\u094b \\u0938\\u0902\\u0917\\u094d\\u0930\\u0939\", \"\\u0909\\u091a\\u094d\\u091a\\u093e\\u0930\\u0923 \\u0938\\u0941\\u0927\\u093e\\u0930\", \"\\u0938\\u092e\\u093e\\u0928 \\u0905\\u0930\\u094d\\u0925 \\u092d\\u090f\\u0915\\u093e \\u0928\\u092f\\u093e\\u0901 \\u0936\\u092c\\u094d\\u0926\\u0939\\u0930\\u0942\\u0915\\u094b \\u0938\\u092e\\u093e\\u0935\\u0947\\u0936\\u0940\\u0915\\u0930\\u0923\", \"\\u0905\\u0919\\u094d\\u0917\\u094d\\u0930\\u0947\\u091c\\u0940 \\u0936\\u092c\\u094d\\u0926\\u0939\\u0930\\u0942 \\u092a\\u094d\\u0930\\u092f\\u094b\\u0917 \\u0917\\u0930\\u094d\\u0928\\u0942\"]', '2025-08-26 16:02:01'),
(312, 59, '131', '0', 'पाठकलाई मनोरञ्जन प्रदान गर्नु', '1', 'सृजनात्मक र नयाँ विचारहरू प्रस्तुत गर्न', 0, 1, 37, '[\"\\u092a\\u093e\\u0920\\u0915\\u0932\\u093e\\u0908 \\u092e\\u0928\\u094b\\u0930\\u091e\\u094d\\u091c\\u0928 \\u092a\\u094d\\u0930\\u0926\\u093e\\u0928 \\u0917\\u0930\\u094d\\u0928\\u0941\", \"\\u0938\\u0943\\u091c\\u0928\\u093e\\u0924\\u094d\\u092e\\u0915 \\u0930 \\u0928\\u092f\\u093e\\u0901 \\u0935\\u093f\\u091a\\u093e\\u0930\\u0939\\u0930\\u0942 \\u092a\\u094d\\u0930\\u0938\\u094d\\u0924\\u0941\\u0924 \\u0917\\u0930\\u094d\\u0928\", \"\\u0936\\u093f\\u0915\\u094d\\u0937\\u0915\\u0932\\u093e\\u0908 \\u0926\\u0947\\u0916\\u093e\\u0909\\u0928\", \"\\u092c\\u094b\\u0932\\u094d\\u0928\\u0947 \\u0905\\u092d\\u094d\\u092f\\u093e\\u0938 \\u0917\\u0930\\u094d\\u0928\\u0941\"]', '2025-08-26 16:02:01'),
(313, 59, '132', '0', 'हामी विद्यालय जाऔं।', '0', 'हामी विद्यालय जाऔं।', 1, 1, 33, '[\"\\u0939\\u093e\\u092e\\u0940 \\u0935\\u093f\\u0926\\u094d\\u092f\\u093e\\u0932\\u092f \\u091c\\u093e\\u0914\\u0902\\u0964\", \"\\u0906\\u0915\\u093e\\u0936 \\u0916\\u0941\\u0932\\u093e \\u091b\\u0964\", \"\\u092c\\u0917\\u0948\\u0902\\u091a\\u093e \\u092b\\u0942\\u0932\\u0932\\u0947 \\u092b\\u0942\\u0932\\u094d\\u092f\\u094b\\u0964\", \"\\u0938\\u093e\\u0901\\u091d \\u092d\\u092f\\u094b\\u0964\"]', '2025-08-26 16:02:01'),
(314, 59, '133', '0', 'सपना', '0', 'सपना', 1, 1, 34, '[\"\\u0938\\u092a\\u0928\\u093e\", \"\\u0938\\u092a\\u0928\\u093e\\u0939\\u0930\\u0941\", \"\\u0938\\u092a\\u0928\\u093e\\u0947\", \"\\u0938\\u092a\\u0928\\u093e\\u0915\\u094b\"]', '2025-08-26 16:02:01'),
(315, 59, '134', '0', 'वर्ण व्यवस्था', '2', 'ताल मेल', 0, 1, 35, '[\"\\u0935\\u0930\\u094d\\u0923 \\u0935\\u094d\\u092f\\u0935\\u0938\\u094d\\u0925\\u093e\", \"\\u0915\\u094d\\u0930\\u092e\\u093f\\u0915\\u0924\\u093e\", \"\\u0924\\u093e\\u0932 \\u092e\\u0947\\u0932\", \"\\u0915\\u0935\\u093f\\u0924\\u093e\"]', '2025-08-26 16:02:01'),
(316, 59, '135', '0', 'सर्वनाम', '0', 'सर्वनाम', 1, 1, 36, '[\"\\u0938\\u0930\\u094d\\u0935\\u0928\\u093e\\u092e\", \"\\u0915\\u094d\\u0930\\u093f\\u092f\\u093e\", \"\\u0935\\u093f\\u0936\\u0947\\u0937\\u0923\", \"\\u0938\\u0902\\u091c\\u094d\\u091e\\u093e\"]', '2025-08-26 16:02:01'),
(317, 60, '3', '0', '$\\frac{u^2 \\sin(2\\theta)}{g}$', '0', '$\\frac{u^2 \\sin(2\\theta)}{g}$', 1, 9, 127, '[\"$\\\\frac{u^2 \\\\sin(2\\\\theta)}{g}$\", \"$\\\\frac{u^2 \\\\cos^2(\\\\theta)}{g}$\", \"$\\\\frac{2u^2 \\\\sin(\\\\theta)}{g}$\", \"$\\\\frac{u^2 \\\\tan(\\\\theta)}{g}$\"]', '2025-08-31 07:45:03'),
(318, 60, '2', '0', '$\\vec{v} = \\frac{\\Delta \\vec{s}}{\\Delta t}$', '0', '$\\vec{v} = \\frac{\\Delta \\vec{s}}{\\Delta t}$', 1, 9, 126, '[\"$\\\\vec{v} = \\\\frac{\\\\Delta \\\\vec{s}}{\\\\Delta t}$\", \"$\\\\vec{v} = \\\\Delta \\\\vec{s} \\\\times \\\\Delta t$\", \"$\\\\vec{v} = \\\\vec{s} \\\\times \\\\Delta t$\", \"$\\\\vec{v} = \\\\frac{\\\\Delta t}{\\\\Delta \\\\vec{s}}$\"]', '2025-08-31 07:45:03'),
(319, 60, '1', '0', '$\\frac{text_{new} - text_{original}}{text_{original}} \\times 100$%', '0', '$\\frac{text_{new} - text_{original}}{text_{original}} \\times 100$%', 1, 9, 125, '[\"$\\\\frac{text_{new} - text_{original}}{text_{original}} \\\\times 100$%\", \"$\\\\frac{text_{original} - text_{new}}{text_{new}} \\\\times 100$%\", \"$\\\\frac{text_{new}}{text_{original}} \\\\times 100$%\", \"$\\\\frac{text_{original} - text_{new}}{text_{original}} \\\\times 100$%\"]', '2025-08-31 07:45:03'),
(320, 61, '5106', '0', 'Nephridia', '2', 'Flame cells', 0, 2, 1600, '[\"Nephridia\", \"Kidney\", \"Flame cells\", \"Coxal glands\"]', '2025-09-05 10:51:36'),
(321, 61, '5137', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '0', 'Muscular diaphragm', 0, 0, 1600, '[\"Muscular diaphragm\", \"Absent neck\", \"Scales on body\", \"Aquatic habitat\"]', '2025-09-05 10:51:36'),
(322, 61, '5133', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '0', 'Pelecypoda', 0, 0, 1600, '[\"Pelecypoda\", \"Gastropoda\", \"Cephalopoda\", \"Aplacophora\"]', '2025-09-05 10:51:36'),
(323, 61, '5120', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '3', 'O₂', 0, 0, 1600, '[\"CH\\u2084\", \"NH\\u2083\", \"H\\u2082\", \"O\\u2082\"]', '2025-09-05 10:51:36'),
(324, 61, '5131', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '0', 'an ear but no pinnae', 0, 0, 1600, '[\"an ear but no pinnae\", \"a mouth with no teeth\", \"a tongue with no lobe\", \"an eye with no lid\"]', '2025-09-05 10:51:36'),
(325, 61, '5103', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '1', 'Pharynx', 0, 0, 1600, '[\"Prostomium\", \"Pharynx\", \"Peristomium\", \"Clitellum\"]', '2025-09-05 10:51:36'),
(326, 61, '5127', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '3', 'Ependymal cells', 0, 0, 1600, '[\"Astrocytes\", \"Glia cells\", \"Schwann cells\", \"Ependymal cells\"]', '2025-09-05 10:51:36'),
(327, 61, '5107', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '0', 'Locomotory organs', 0, 0, 1600, '[\"Locomotory organs\", \"Feeding habit\", \"Excretory system\", \"Habitat\"]', '2025-09-05 10:51:36'),
(328, 61, '5138', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '0', 'Ear pinna', 0, 0, 1600, '[\"Ear pinna\", \"Scales on skin\", \"Monocular vision\", \"Cloaca\"]', '2025-09-05 10:51:36'),
(329, 61, '5117', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '0', 'Spleen', 0, 0, 1600, '[\"Spleen\", \"Liver\", \"Stomach of female Anopheles\", \"Salivary gland\"]', '2025-09-05 10:51:36'),
(330, 62, '6121', '0', 'Fossils in lower rock strata are generally older than those in upper strata.', '2', 'Fossils are the recently dead and decaying materials of organisms.', 0, 5, 1600, '[\"Fossils in lower rock strata are generally older than those in upper strata.\", \"Fossils found in sedimentary rocks help determine geological time periods.\", \"Fossils are the recently dead and decaying materials of organisms.\", \"Fossils are the preserved remains or traces of organisms from the past.\"]', '2025-09-05 18:00:49'),
(331, 62, '11142', '0', 'AB', '0', 'AB', 1, 2, 1600, '[\"AB\", \"A\", \"B\", \"O\"]', '2025-09-05 18:00:49'),
(332, 62, '12149', '0', 'Potamodromous migration', '2', 'Anadromous migration', 0, 1, 1600, '[\"Potamodromous migration\", \"Oceanodromous migration\", \"Anadromous migration\", \"Catadromous migration\"]', '2025-09-05 18:00:49'),
(333, 62, '6123', '0', 'Increased life expectancy and decreased death rate', '0', 'Increased life expectancy and decreased death rate', 1, 1, 1600, '[\"Increased life expectancy and decreased death rate\", \"Decreased life expectancy\", \"Increased death rate\", \"Increased birth rate\"]', '2025-09-05 18:00:49'),
(334, 62, '13159', '0', 'Pelvic vein', '2', 'Dorsolumbar vein', 0, 2, 1600, '[\"Pelvic vein\", \"Abdominal vein\", \"Dorsolumbar vein\", \"Renal portal vein\"]', '2025-09-05 18:00:49'),
(335, 62, '6114', '0', 'Setae only', '2', 'Circular and longitudinal muscles, and setae', 0, 1, 1600, '[\"Setae only\", \"Clitellum contractions\", \"Circular and longitudinal muscles, and setae\", \"Parapodia\"]', '2025-09-05 18:00:49'),
(336, 62, '9150', '0', 'Golgi bodies', '2', 'Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum and ribosomes', 0, 1, 1600, '[\"Golgi bodies\", \"Mitochondria\", \"Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum and ribosomes\", \"Lysosomes\"]', '2025-09-05 18:00:49'),
(337, 62, '10170', '0', 'is a known carcinogen', '1', 'binds to hemoglobin with much higher affinity than oxygen', 0, 1, 1600, '[\"is a known carcinogen\", \"binds to hemoglobin with much higher affinity than oxygen\", \"binds to hemoglobin with lower affinity than oxygen\", \"makes the blood acidic\"]', '2025-09-05 18:00:49'),
(338, 62, '9165', '0', 'Rhesus monkey', '0', 'Rhesus monkey', 1, 1, 1600, '[\"Rhesus monkey\", \"Gorilla\", \"Chimpanzee\", \"Orangutan\"]', '2025-09-05 18:00:49'),
(339, 62, '8179', '0', '2.0', '1', '6.0', 0, 1, 1600, '[\"2.0\", \"6.0\", \"7.4\", \"8.0\"]', '2025-09-05 18:00:49'),
(340, 62, '11173', '0', 'Mantoux test', '2', 'Widal test', 0, 1, 1600, '[\"Mantoux test\", \"Biopsy\", \"Widal test\", \"FNAC\"]', '2025-09-05 18:00:49'),
(341, 62, '13147', '0', 'Liver fluke', '1', 'Tapeworm', 0, 1, 1600, '[\"Liver fluke\", \"Tapeworm\", \"Ascaris\", \"Mollusca\"]', '2025-09-05 18:00:49'),
(342, 62, '7127', '0', 'Estrogen', '1', 'Progesterone', 0, 1, 1600, '[\"Estrogen\", \"Progesterone\", \"FSH\", \"Prolactin\"]', '2025-09-05 18:00:49'),
(343, 62, '8155', '0', 'Shortening of the eyeball', '0', 'Shortening of the eyeball', 1, 1, 1600, '[\"Shortening of the eyeball\", \"Decrease in the focal length of the lens\", \"Elongation of the eyeball\", \"Increase in the focal length of the lens\"]', '2025-09-05 18:00:49'),
(344, 62, '7138', '0', 'RBC production increases', '0', 'RBC production increases', 1, 1, 1600, '[\"RBC production increases\", \"RBC production decreases\", \"Size of RBC increases\", \"Size of RBC decreases\"]', '2025-09-05 18:00:49'),
(345, 62, '9158', '0', 'Genetic engineering', '0', 'Genetic engineering', 1, 1, 1600, '[\"Genetic engineering\", \"Genetic drift\", \"Gene improvement\", \"Gene coding\"]', '2025-09-05 18:00:49'),
(346, 62, '5123', '0', 'Tendon reflex', '3', 'Cycling and dancing', 0, 2, 1600, '[\"Tendon reflex\", \"Salivation\", \"Blinking of an eye\", \"Cycling and dancing\"]', '2025-09-05 18:00:49'),
(347, 62, '13175', '0', 'formation of new tissues from undifferentiated cells', '2', 'differentiation of tissues', 0, 1, 1600, '[\"formation of new tissues from undifferentiated cells\", \"study of tissues (Histology)\", \"differentiation of tissues\", \"formation of organs (Organogenesis)\"]', '2025-09-05 18:00:49'),
(348, 62, '5127', '0', 'Astrocytes', '3', 'Ependymal cells', 0, 1, 1600, '[\"Astrocytes\", \"Glia cells\", \"Schwann cells\", \"Ependymal cells\"]', '2025-09-05 18:00:49'),
(349, 62, '7126', '0', 'Bundle of His', '3', 'SA node', 0, 1, 1600, '[\"Bundle of His\", \"Purkinje fibres\", \"AV node\", \"SA node\"]', '2025-09-05 18:00:49'),
(350, 62, '11147', '0', '3/4 and 9/10', '0', '3/4 and 9/10', 1, 1, 1600, '[\"3/4 and 9/10\", \"4/5 and 8/9\", \"5/6 and 7/8\", \"7/8 and 6/7\"]', '2025-09-05 18:00:49'),
(351, 62, '8172', '0', 'Nicotine', '2', 'Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons', 0, 1, 1600, '[\"Nicotine\", \"Tar\", \"Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons\", \"Carbon monoxide\"]', '2025-09-05 18:00:49'),
(352, 62, '7114', '0', 'Liver', '2', 'Spleen', 0, 1, 1600, '[\"Liver\", \"Heart\", \"Spleen\", \"Intestine\"]', '2025-09-05 18:00:49'),
(353, 62, '9144', '0', 'Vasopressin and Relaxin', '1', 'Heparin and Histamine', 0, 1, 1600, '[\"Vasopressin and Relaxin\", \"Heparin and Histamine\", \"Heparin and Calcitonin\", \"Serotonin and Melanin\"]', '2025-09-05 18:00:49'),
(354, 62, '10177', '0', 'females only', '1', 'both males and females', 0, 1, 1600, '[\"females only\", \"both males and females\", \"males only\", \"only pregnant women\"]', '2025-09-05 18:00:49'),
(355, 62, '7112', '0', 'Kidney of vertebrates', '1', 'Liver of vertebrates', 0, 1, 1600, '[\"Kidney of vertebrates\", \"Liver of vertebrates\", \"Gut of vertebrates\", \"Lungs of vertebrates\"]', '2025-09-05 18:00:49'),
(356, 62, '7125', '0', 'bone with bone', '3', 'integument with muscles', 0, 1, 1600, '[\"bone with bone\", \"bone with muscles\", \"fat body with muscles\", \"integument with muscles\"]', '2025-09-05 18:00:49'),
(357, 62, '5124', '0', 'Antedon', '0', 'Antedon', 1, 1, 1600, '[\"Antedon\", \"Holothurian\", \"Asterias\", \"Echinus\"]', '2025-09-05 18:00:49'),
(358, 62, '12126', '0', 'Plasmodium', '1', 'Anopheles mosquito', 0, 1, 1600, '[\"Plasmodium\", \"Anopheles mosquito\", \"Culex mosquito\", \"Sporozoite\"]', '2025-09-05 18:00:49'),
(359, 62, '8163', '0', 'Fishes', '0', 'Fishes', 1, 1, 1600, '[\"Fishes\", \"Amphibians\", \"Reptiles\", \"Birds\"]', '2025-09-05 18:00:49'),
(360, 62, '9169', '0', 'Holoblastic & unequal', '2', 'Holoblastic & equal', 0, 1, 1600, '[\"Holoblastic & unequal\", \"Meroblastic\", \"Holoblastic & equal\", \"Equatorial\"]', '2025-09-05 18:00:49'),
(361, 62, '7137', '0', 'Foliate', '0', 'Foliate', 1, 2, 1600, '[\"Foliate\", \"Fungiform\", \"Filiform\", \"Circumvallate\"]', '2025-09-05 18:00:49'),
(362, 62, '10152', '0', 'Isoniazid', '0', 'Isoniazid', 1, 1, 1600, '[\"Isoniazid\", \"Rifampicin\", \"Ethambutol\", \"Streptomycin\"]', '2025-09-05 18:00:49'),
(363, 62, '11177', '0', 'Gene flow', '3', 'Change in gene frequency', 0, 1, 1600, '[\"Gene flow\", \"Change in gene structure\", \"Change in size of gene pool\", \"Change in gene frequency\"]', '2025-09-05 18:00:49'),
(364, 62, '8175', '0', '5, 6, 7, 8, 9', '1', '6, 7, 8, 9', 0, 1, 1600, '[\"5, 6, 7, 8, 9\", \"6, 7, 8, 9\", \"14, 15, 16, 17\", \"17, 18\"]', '2025-09-05 18:00:49'),
(365, 62, '9147', '0', 'First 4 segments and 9/10', '0', 'First 4 segments and 9/10', 1, 1, 1600, '[\"First 4 segments and 9/10\", \"4/5 and 8/9\", \"5/6 and 7/8\", \"7/8 and 6/7\"]', '2025-09-05 18:00:49'),
(366, 62, '9153', '0', 'Bone marrow', '1', 'Liver', 0, 1, 1600, '[\"Bone marrow\", \"Liver\", \"Spleen\", \"Yolk sac\"]', '2025-09-05 18:00:49'),
(367, 62, '11157', '0', 'A ventral heart with dorsal blood vessel', '0', 'A ventral heart with dorsal blood vessel', 1, 3, 1600, '[\"A ventral heart with dorsal blood vessel\", \"A dorsal heart with ventral blood vessel\", \"A ventral heart with both dorsal & ventral blood vessels\", \"A dorsal heart with dorsal & ventral blood vessel\"]', '2025-09-05 18:00:49'),
(368, 62, '6115', '0', 'Body hair', '3', 'A true chorioallantoic placenta', 0, 1, 1600, '[\"Body hair\", \"Ear pinna\", \"Diaphragm\", \"A true chorioallantoic placenta\"]', '2025-09-05 18:00:49'),
(369, 62, '10174', '0', 'Saltatory conduction is faster than conduction on unmyelinated fibers.', '3', 'The strength of an impulse carried along a single axon can vary with the strength of the stimulus.', 0, 1, 1600, '[\"Saltatory conduction is faster than conduction on unmyelinated fibers.\", \"Nerve impulses occur in an all-or-none manner.\", \"The neuron cannot be stimulated during the absolute refractory period.\", \"The strength of an impulse carried along a single axon can vary with the strength of the stimulus.\"]', '2025-09-05 18:00:49'),
(370, 62, '11144', '0', 'Vasopressin and Relaxin', '1', 'Heparin and Histamine', 0, 1, 1600, '[\"Vasopressin and Relaxin\", \"Heparin and Histamine\", \"Heparin and Calcitonin\", \"Serotonin and Melanin\"]', '2025-09-05 18:00:49'),
(371, 62, '6091', '0', 'O Rh-negative', '0', 'O Rh-negative', 1, 1, 1600, '[\"O Rh-negative\", \"AB Rh-positive\", \"A Rh-positive\", \"B Rh-positive\"]', '2025-09-05 18:00:49'),
(372, 62, '7103', '0', 'Prosimians', '1', 'Prototherians', 0, 1, 1600, '[\"Prosimians\", \"Prototherians\", \"Metatherians\", \"Eutherians\"]', '2025-09-05 18:00:49'),
(373, 62, '9179', '0', 'Spawning migration', '1', 'Alimental migration', 0, 1, 1600, '[\"Spawning migration\", \"Alimental migration\", \"Osmoregulatory migration\", \"Climatic migration\"]', '2025-09-05 18:00:49'),
(374, 62, '6101', '0', 'Active transport', '0', 'Active transport', 1, 1, 1600, '[\"Active transport\", \"Facilitated diffusion\", \"Passive transport\", \"Simple diffusion\"]', '2025-09-05 18:00:49'),
(375, 62, '13169', '0', 'Blinking of the eye', '3', 'Playing the piano', 0, 1, 1600, '[\"Blinking of the eye\", \"Watering of the eye\", \"Flexion of the hand when a needle is pricked\", \"Playing the piano\"]', '2025-09-05 18:00:49'),
(376, 62, '9166', '0', 'the RBCs/blood of humans', '0', 'the RBCs/blood of humans', 1, 1, 1600, '[\"the RBCs/blood of humans\", \"the salivary glands of the Anopheles mosquito\", \"the stomach of the female Anopheles mosquito\", \"the liver of humans\"]', '2025-09-05 18:00:49'),
(377, 62, '9155', '0', 'somatostatin', '2', 'glucagon', 0, 1, 1600, '[\"somatostatin\", \"insulin\", \"glucagon\", \"pancreatic polypeptide\"]', '2025-09-05 18:00:49'),
(378, 62, '13154', '0', 'Merozoite', '1', 'Sporozoite', 0, 1, 1600, '[\"Merozoite\", \"Sporozoite\", \"Cyst\", \"Trophozoite\"]', '2025-09-05 18:00:49'),
(379, 62, '13153', '0', '14 days', '0', '14 days', 1, 1, 1600, '[\"14 days\", \"30 days\", \"10 days\", \"28 days\"]', '2025-09-05 18:00:49'),
(380, 63, '11175', '0', 'Blastocoel', '0', 'Blastocoel', 1, 4, 1600, '[\"Blastocoel\", \"Endoderm\", \"Ectoderm\", \"Mesoderm\"]', '2025-09-06 07:49:11'),
(381, 63, '9170', '0', 'contracts and becomes flat', '0', 'contracts and becomes flat', 1, 2, 1600, '[\"contracts and becomes flat\", \"expands and becomes dome-shaped\", \"relaxes and becomes dome-shaped\", \"remains unchanged\"]', '2025-09-06 07:49:11'),
(382, 63, '13179', '0', 'Fossorial (burrowing)', '1', 'Volant (flying)', 0, 2, 1600, '[\"Fossorial (burrowing)\", \"Volant (flying)\", \"Cursorial (running)\", \"Arboreal (tree-dwelling)\"]', '2025-09-06 07:49:11'),
(383, 63, '15095', '0', 'Steward', '2', 'Haberlandt', 0, 1, 1617, '[\"Steward\", \"Huxley\", \"Haberlandt\", \"Purkinjee\"]', '2025-09-06 07:49:11'),
(384, 63, '8148', '0', 'Platyhelminthes', '1', 'Nemathelminthes (Aschelminthes)', 0, 1, 1600, '[\"Platyhelminthes\", \"Nemathelminthes (Aschelminthes)\", \"Protozoa\", \"Annelida\"]', '2025-09-06 07:49:11'),
(385, 63, '6069', '0', 'Motile and flagellated', '1', 'Amoeboid and non-flagellated', 0, 1, 1617, '[\"Motile and flagellated\", \"Amoeboid and non-flagellated\", \"Non-motile and flagellated\", \"Multiflagellated and motile\"]', '2025-09-06 07:49:11'),
(386, 63, '5147', '0', 'It has a leafy, erect gametophyte.', '0', 'It has a leafy, erect gametophyte.', 1, 1, 1617, '[\"It has a leafy, erect gametophyte.\", \"It has stalked gametophores.\", \"It has inverted archegonia.\", \"It has gemma cups.\"]', '2025-09-06 07:49:11'),
(387, 63, '6058', '0', 'Xylem fiber', '1', 'Xylem parenchyma', 0, 1, 1617, '[\"Xylem fiber\", \"Xylem parenchyma\", \"Tracheid\", \"Vessel\"]', '2025-09-06 07:49:11'),
(388, 63, '19079', '0', 'root apex', '2', 'apical meristem', 0, 1, 1617, '[\"root apex\", \"shoot apex\", \"apical meristem\", \"pollen grain\"]', '2025-09-06 07:49:11'),
(389, 63, '11142', '0', 'AB', '0', 'AB', 1, 1, 1600, '[\"AB\", \"A\", \"B\", \"O\"]', '2025-09-06 07:49:11'),
(390, 63, '11126', '0', 'Transpiration pull', '2', 'Root pressure', 0, 1, 1617, '[\"Transpiration pull\", \"Osmosis\", \"Root pressure\", \"Imbibition\"]', '2025-09-06 07:49:11'),
(391, 63, '15060', '0', 'AIDS', '1', 'Syphilis', 0, 1, 1600, '[\"AIDS\", \"Syphilis\", \"Herpes\", \"Hepatitis\"]', '2025-09-06 07:49:11'),
(392, 63, '7106', '0', 'letting it fluctuate with the environment', '1', 'maintaining a constant internal body temperature', 0, 1, 1600, '[\"letting it fluctuate with the environment\", \"maintaining a constant internal body temperature\", \"increasing or decreasing it when external temperature changes\", \"always decreasing body temperature\"]', '2025-09-06 07:49:11'),
(393, 63, '16060', '0', 'RBC', '3', 'Waste product of metabolism', 0, 1, 1600, '[\"RBC\", \"Haemoglobin\", \"Plasma protein\", \"Waste product of metabolism\"]', '2025-09-06 07:49:11'),
(394, 63, '9156', '0', 'carcinogenic nature', '1', 'much higher binding affinity for hemoglobin than oxygen', 0, 1, 1600, '[\"carcinogenic nature\", \"much higher binding affinity for hemoglobin than oxygen\", \"lower binding affinity for hemoglobin than oxygen\", \"acidic nature in the blood\"]', '2025-09-06 07:49:11'),
(395, 63, '18028', '0', 'Chyle', '2', 'Chyme', 0, 0, 1600, '[\"Chyle\", \"Bolus\", \"Chyme\", \"Bile\"]', '2025-09-06 07:49:11'),
(396, 63, '19019', '0', 'at the point of entry of sperm into ovum', '1', 'just opposite to the site of entry of sperm into ovum', 0, 0, 1600, '[\"at the point of entry of sperm into ovum\", \"just opposite to the site of entry of sperm into ovum\", \"at the animal pole\", \"at the vegetal pole\"]', '2025-09-06 07:49:11'),
(397, 63, '13173', '0', 'Glucose', '3', 'Water', 0, 0, 1600, '[\"Glucose\", \"Na\\u207a\", \"Ammonia\", \"Water\"]', '2025-09-06 07:49:11'),
(398, 63, '15026', '0', 'OPV', '2', 'colostrums', 0, 1, 1600, '[\"OPV\", \"BCG\", \"colostrums\", \"KMC (kangaroo mother care)\"]', '2025-09-06 07:49:11'),
(399, 63, '8166', '0', 'Nematoda', '0', 'Nematoda', 1, 1, 1600, '[\"Nematoda\", \"Platyhelminthes\", \"Mollusca\", \"Annelida\"]', '2025-09-06 07:49:11'),
(400, 63, '6065', '0', 'Green seed colour', '0', 'Green seed colour', 1, 2, 1617, '[\"Green seed colour\", \"Round seed shape\", \"Violet flower colour\", \"Axial flower position\"]', '2025-09-06 07:49:11'),
(401, 63, '6085', '0', 'a partial parasite on the sporophyte', '2', 'an independent, free-living organism', 0, 1, 1617, '[\"a partial parasite on the sporophyte\", \"a parasite on the sporophyte\", \"an independent, free-living organism\", \"the dominant generation\"]', '2025-09-06 07:49:11'),
(402, 63, '5174', '0', '50 min', '2', '59 min', 0, 4, 1617, '[\"50 min\", \"1 hour\", \"59 min\", \"30 min\"]', '2025-09-06 07:49:11'),
(403, 63, '15091', '0', 'Gymnosperms', '3', 'Angiosperms', 0, 1, 1617, '[\"Gymnosperms\", \"Spermatophytes\", \"Dictotyledons\", \"Angiosperms\"]', '2025-09-06 07:49:11'),
(404, 63, '9163', '0', 'Sea pen', '1', 'Sea mouse', 0, 1, 1600, '[\"Sea pen\", \"Sea mouse\", \"Sea fan\", \"Sea anemone\"]', '2025-09-06 07:49:11'),
(405, 63, '13158', '0', 'Skin', '2', 'Diaphragm', 0, 1, 1600, '[\"Skin\", \"Lungs\", \"Diaphragm\", \"Buccal cavity\"]', '2025-09-06 07:49:11'),
(406, 63, '13153', '0', '14 days', '0', '14 days', 1, 1, 1600, '[\"14 days\", \"30 days\", \"10 days\", \"28 days\"]', '2025-09-06 07:49:11'),
(407, 63, '15072', '0', 'Oscillatoria', '3', 'Spirulina', 0, 1, 1617, '[\"Oscillatoria\", \"Nostoc\", \"Anabaena\", \"Spirulina\"]', '2025-09-06 07:49:11'),
(408, 63, '16085', '0', 'hormone', '0', 'hormone', 1, 3, 1617, '[\"hormone\", \"enzyme\", \"protein\", \"carbohydrate\"]', '2025-09-06 07:49:11'),
(409, 63, '17105', '0', 'HIV', '0', 'HIV', 1, 1, 1617, '[\"HIV\", \"Chickenpox virus\", \"Influenza virus\", \"Dengue virus\"]', '2025-09-06 07:49:11'),
(410, 63, '11118', '0', 'Reiter', '0', 'Reiter', 1, 0, 1617, '[\"Reiter\", \"Tansley\", \"Haeckel\", \"Odum\"]', '2025-09-06 07:49:11'),
(411, 63, '13107', '0', 'Cycas', '0', 'Cycas', 1, 0, 1617, '[\"Cycas\", \"Pinus\", \"Mango\", \"Sunflower\"]', '2025-09-06 07:49:11'),
(412, 63, '12104', '0', 'their food reserve material', '3', 'the presence of sexual reproduction', 0, 1, 1617, '[\"their food reserve material\", \"the chemical constitution of their cell wall\", \"their photosynthetic pigments\", \"the presence of sexual reproduction\"]', '2025-09-06 07:49:11'),
(413, 63, '16035', '0', 'ketone bodies', '2', 'lactic acid', 0, 1, 1600, '[\"ketone bodies\", \"pyruvic acid\", \"lactic acid\", \"oxaloacetic acid\"]', '2025-09-06 07:49:11'),
(414, 63, '11176', '0', '2.5 million years back', '3', '20-25 million years back', 0, 1, 1600, '[\"2.5 million years back\", \"50 million years back\", \"75 million years back\", \"20-25 million years back\"]', '2025-09-06 07:49:11'),
(415, 63, '9114', '0', '1', '1', '0', 0, 1, 1617, '[\"1\", \"0\", \"10\", \"100\"]', '2025-09-06 07:49:11'),
(416, 63, '7134', '0', 'Atavism', '0', 'Atavism', 1, 1, 1600, '[\"Atavism\", \"Vestigial organ\", \"Homologous organ\", \"Struggle for existence\"]', '2025-09-06 07:49:11'),
(417, 63, '8162', '0', 'Cartilage', '2', 'Calcareous or siliceous spicules and/or spongin fibers', 0, 1, 1600, '[\"Cartilage\", \"Bones\", \"Calcareous or siliceous spicules and/or spongin fibers\", \"Chitin\"]', '2025-09-06 07:49:11'),
(418, 63, '12109', '0', 'Turgor Pressure (TP)', '2', 'Osmotic Pressure (OP)', 0, 1, 1617, '[\"Turgor Pressure (TP)\", \"Wall Pressure (WP)\", \"Osmotic Pressure (OP)\", \"Water Potential (\\u03a8)\"]', '2025-09-06 07:49:11'),
(419, 63, '15050', '0', 'Contractile vacuole', '1', 'trichocyst', 0, 1, 1600, '[\"Contractile vacuole\", \"trichocyst\", \"Cilia\", \"None\"]', '2025-09-06 07:49:11');
INSERT INTO `quiz_question_responses` (`id`, `session_id`, `question_id`, `selected_option`, `selected_option_text`, `correct_option`, `correct_option_text`, `is_correct`, `time_taken`, `topic_id`, `all_options`, `created_at`) VALUES
(420, 63, '15059', '0', 'Autograft', '3', 'Allograft', 0, 1, 1600, '[\"Autograft\", \"Isograft\", \"Xenograft\", \"Allograft\"]', '2025-09-06 07:49:11'),
(421, 63, '7140', '0', 'Zn', '1', 'Co', 0, 1, 1600, '[\"Zn\", \"Co\", \"S\", \"Mn\"]', '2025-09-06 07:49:11'),
(422, 63, '12158', '0', '6.35-6.45', '2', '7.35-7.45', 0, 1, 1600, '[\"6.35-6.45\", \"7.0\", \"7.35-7.45\", \"7.25-7.35\"]', '2025-09-06 07:49:11'),
(423, 63, '7178', '0', 'Vernalization', '2', 'Cryopreservation', 0, 1, 1617, '[\"Vernalization\", \"In-situ preservation\", \"Cryopreservation\", \"In-vitro storage\"]', '2025-09-06 07:49:11'),
(424, 63, '16012', '0', 'Epidermis and Submucosa', '3', 'Ectoderm and endoderm', 0, 1, 1600, '[\"Epidermis and Submucosa\", \"Ectoplasm and endoplasm\", \"Protoplasm and cytoplasm\", \"Ectoderm and endoderm\"]', '2025-09-06 07:49:11'),
(425, 63, '15007', '0', 'Mac. Gregor', '0', 'Mac. Gregor', 1, 1, 1600, '[\"Mac. Gregor\", \"c. Fulrot\", \"Dubois\", \"Raymond Dart\"]', '2025-09-06 07:49:11'),
(426, 63, '14144', '0', 'Epilepsy', '0', 'Epilepsy', 1, 1, 1600, '[\"Epilepsy\", \"Neurosis\", \"Psychosis\", \"None\"]', '2025-09-06 07:49:11'),
(427, 63, '19057', '0', 'half amount of DNA', '3', 'conspicuous nucleus', 0, 1, 1617, '[\"half amount of DNA\", \"same amount of DNA\", \"diploid number of nuclei\", \"conspicuous nucleus\"]', '2025-09-06 07:49:11'),
(428, 63, '11119', '0', 'Fermentation', '0', 'Fermentation', 1, 1, 1617, '[\"Fermentation\", \"Distillation\", \"Hybridoma technology\", \"Pasteurization\"]', '2025-09-06 07:49:11'),
(429, 63, '9160', '0', 'Ethmoid bone', '1', 'Sphenoid bone', 0, 1, 1600, '[\"Ethmoid bone\", \"Sphenoid bone\", \"Maxilla\", \"Nasal bone\"]', '2025-09-06 07:49:11'),
(430, 64, '8058', '0', 'Increases', '2', 'Remains the same', 0, 3, 510, '[\"Increases\", \"Decreases\", \"Remains the same\", \"May increase or decrease\"]', '2025-09-07 02:43:25'),
(431, 64, '21866', '0', '1.44', '1', '2.28', 0, 1, 510, '[\"1.44\", \"2.28\", \"3.28\", \"3.00\"]', '2025-09-07 02:43:25'),
(432, 64, '21856', '0', '0.5', '3', '2.0', 0, 1, 510, '[\"0.5\", \"1.5\", \"2.5\", \"2.0\"]', '2025-09-07 02:43:25'),
(433, 64, '19128', '0', '6.8 g', '1', '3.4 g', 0, 2, 510, '[\"6.8 g\", \"3.4 g\", \"17 g\", \"8.5 g\"]', '2025-09-07 02:43:25'),
(434, 64, '6144', '0', '109.5°', '1', '117°', 0, 1, 510, '[\"109.5\\u00b0\", \"117\\u00b0\", \"180\\u00b0\", \"120\\u00b0\"]', '2025-09-07 02:43:25'),
(435, 64, '11062', '0', 'the velocity of K⁺ is much greater than that of NO₃⁻', '2', 'the velocities of both K⁺ and NO₃⁻ are nearly the same', 0, 1, 510, '[\"the velocity of K\\u207a is much greater than that of NO\\u2083\\u207b\", \"the velocity of NO\\u2083\\u207b is much greater than that of K\\u207a\", \"the velocities of both K\\u207a and NO\\u2083\\u207b are nearly the same\", \"KNO\\u2083 is highly soluble in water\"]', '2025-09-07 02:43:25'),
(436, 64, '10089', '0', '30%', '1', '3%', 0, 1, 510, '[\"30%\", \"3%\", \"1%\", \"10%\"]', '2025-09-07 02:43:25'),
(437, 64, '21043', '0', 'increase in energy', '1', 'decrease in energy', 0, 1, 510, '[\"increase in energy\", \"decrease in energy\", \"energy remains same\", \"the repulsive force dominant over attractive force\"]', '2025-09-07 02:43:25'),
(438, 64, '7099', '0', 'γ-emission', '0', 'γ-emission', 1, 2, 510, '[\"\\u03b3-emission\", \"\\u03b2-emission\", \"\\u03b1-emission\", \"electron capture\"]', '2025-09-07 02:43:25'),
(439, 64, '17056', '0', 'Covalent bond', '2', 'Electrovalent bond', 0, 1, 510, '[\"Covalent bond\", \"Co-ordinate bond\", \"Electrovalent bond\", \"Dative bond\"]', '2025-09-07 02:43:25'),
(440, 65, '10089', '0', '30%', '1', '3%', 0, 2, 510, '[\"30%\", \"3%\", \"1%\", \"10%\"]', '2025-09-13 10:08:28'),
(441, 65, '20503', '0', 'H-1', '1', 'C-12', 0, 12, 510, '[\"H-1\", \"C-12\", \"C-14\", \"O-16\"]', '2025-09-13 10:08:28'),
(442, 65, '20889', '0', 'Sulphur di-oxide', '1', 'Ozone', 0, 1, 510, '[\"Sulphur di-oxide\", \"Ozone\", \"Nitric oxide\", \"none\"]', '2025-09-13 10:08:28'),
(443, 65, '18083', '0', 'Protons and neutrons', '2', 'Isotopes of the same element', 0, 1, 510, '[\"Protons and neutrons\", \"Isobars\", \"Isotopes of the same element\", \"All of the above.\"]', '2025-09-13 10:08:28'),
(444, 65, '7072', '0', 'I > I⁺ > I⁻', '2', 'I⁻ > I > I⁺', 0, 2, 510, '[\"I > I\\u207a > I\\u207b\", \"I\\u207a > I\\u207b > I\", \"I\\u207b > I > I\\u207a\", \"I > I\\u207b > I\\u207a\"]', '2025-09-13 10:08:28'),
(445, 65, '20268', '0', 'methyl radical', '1', 'carbonium ion', 0, 1, 510, '[\"methyl radical\", \"carbonium ion\", \"carbanion\", \"methyl group\"]', '2025-09-13 10:08:28'),
(446, 65, '22685', '0', 'Decrease in pressure and increase in temp.', '0', 'Decrease in pressure and increase in temp.', 1, 3, 510, '[\"Decrease in pressure and increase in temp.\", \"increase in pressure and decrease in temp\", \"Both are increase\", \"Both are decrease\"]', '2025-09-13 10:08:28'),
(447, 65, '5044', '0', '6.8eV', '3', '13.6eV', 0, 2, 510, '[\"6.8eV\", \"27.2eV\", \"54.4eV\", \"13.6eV\"]', '2025-09-13 10:08:28'),
(448, 65, '20245', '0', 'Hydrogen and oxygen', '1', 'Chromium and nitrogen', 0, 1, 510, '[\"Hydrogen and oxygen\", \"Chromium and nitrogen\", \"Nitrogen and chromium\", \"Chromium and hydrogen\"]', '2025-09-13 10:08:28'),
(449, 65, '6167', '0', '3135 J', '0', '3135 J', 1, 1, 510, '[\"3135 J\", \"313.5 J\", \"31.35 J\", \"3.135 J\"]', '2025-09-13 10:08:28'),
(450, 66, '34', '0', '$\\frac{Q_1 - Q_0}{Q_0} \\times 100 \\%$', '0', '$\\frac{Q_1 - Q_0}{Q_0} \\times 100 \\%$', 1, 2, 125, '[\"$\\\\frac{Q_1 - Q_0}{Q_0} \\\\times 100 \\\\%$\", \"$\\\\frac{Q_0 - Q_1}{Q_1} \\\\times 100 \\\\%$\", \"$\\\\frac{Q_1}{Q_0} \\\\times 100 \\\\%$\", \"$Q_1 - Q_0$\"]', '2025-10-21 10:08:19'),
(451, 66, '48', '0', 'Distance', '2', 'Displacement', 0, 1, 102, '[\"Distance\", \"Speed\", \"Displacement\", \"Mass\"]', '2025-10-21 10:08:19'),
(452, 66, '8', '0', 'Speed', '0', 'Speed', 1, 0, 126, '[\"Speed\", \"Velocity\", \"Acceleration\", \"Tangential force\"]', '2025-10-21 10:08:19'),
(453, 66, '51', '0', '$\\langle 0, 0, -14 \\rangle$', '0', '$\\langle 0, 0, -14 \\rangle$', 1, 0, 126, '[\"$\\\\langle 0, 0, -14 \\\\rangle$\", \"$\\\\langle 0, 0, 10 \\\\rangle$\", \"$\\\\langle 0, 0, 2 \\\\rangle$\", \"$\\\\langle -10, 14, 0 \\\\rangle$\"]', '2025-10-21 10:08:19'),
(454, 66, '54', '0', 'It doubles', '0', 'It doubles', 1, 1, 129, '[\"It doubles\", \"It remains the same\", \"It halves\", \"It quadruples\"]', '2025-10-21 10:08:19'),
(455, 66, '41', '0', 'A quantity with only magnitude', '2', 'A quantity with both magnitude and direction', 0, 1, 101, '[\"A quantity with only magnitude\", \"A quantity with only direction\", \"A quantity with both magnitude and direction\", \"A quantity that varies with time\"]', '2025-10-21 10:08:19'),
(456, 66, '33', '0', '$s = \\frac{1}{2} a t^2$', '0', '$s = \\frac{1}{2} a t^2$', 1, 1, 103, '[\"$s = \\\\frac{1}{2} a t^2$\", \"$s = ut + \\\\frac{1}{2} a t^2$\", \"$s = v t$\", \"$s = \\\\sqrt{2 a s}$\"]', '2025-10-21 10:08:19'),
(457, 66, '42', '0', '$v = u + at$', '3', 'All of the above', 0, 1, 102, '[\"$v = u + at$\", \"$s = ut + \\\\frac{1}{2}at^{2}$\", \"$v^{2} = u^{2} + 2as$\", \"All of the above\"]', '2025-10-21 10:08:19'),
(458, 66, '23208', '0', 'To record daily transactions', '2', 'To verify the arithmetic accuracy of the ledger accounts', 0, 1, 72, '[\"To record daily transactions\", \"To prepare a company\'s income statement\", \"To verify the arithmetic accuracy of the ledger accounts\", \"To calculate depreciation\"]', '2025-10-21 10:08:19'),
(459, 66, '4', '0', '$\\mathbf{F} \\propto \\mathbf{a}$', '0', '$\\mathbf{F} \\propto \\mathbf{a}$', 1, 1, 128, '[\"$\\\\mathbf{F} \\\\propto \\\\mathbf{a}$\", \"$\\\\mathbf{F} \\\\propto \\\\mathbf{v}$\", \"$\\\\mathbf{F} \\\\propto \\\\mathbf{s}$\", \"$\\\\mathbf{F} \\\\propto \\\\mathbf{m}$\"]', '2025-10-21 10:08:19'),
(460, 66, '28', '0', '$F = m \\times a$', '0', '$F = m \\times a$', 1, 1, 104, '[\"$F = m \\\\times a$\", \"$F = \\\\frac{m}{a}$\", \"$F = \\\\frac{a}{m}$\", \"$F = m + a$\"]', '2025-10-21 10:08:19'),
(461, 66, '72', '0', 'Focus only on memorizing formulas', '1', 'Understanding concepts and practicing problems', 0, 1, 106, '[\"Focus only on memorizing formulas\", \"Understanding concepts and practicing problems\", \"Ignoring practical sessions\", \"Relying entirely on shortcuts\"]', '2025-10-21 10:08:19'),
(462, 66, '75', '0', 'It only has magnitude', '2', 'It has both magnitude and direction', 0, 0, 103, '[\"It only has magnitude\", \"It is a scalar quantity\", \"It has both magnitude and direction\", \"It is unrelated to position\"]', '2025-10-21 10:08:19'),
(463, 66, '55', '0', '$\\frac{v^2}{r}$', '0', '$\\frac{v^2}{r}$', 1, 1, 130, '[\"$\\\\frac{v^2}{r}$\", \"$\\\\frac{r}{v^2}$\", \"$\\\\frac{v}{r}$\", \"$\\\\frac{r v^2}{r^2}$\"]', '2025-10-21 10:08:19'),
(464, 66, '5', '0', '$20 \\text{ N}$', '0', '$20 \\text{ N}$', 1, 0, 129, '[\"$20 \\\\text{ N}$\", \"$10 \\\\text{ N}$\", \"$25 \\\\text{ N}$\", \"$50 \\\\text{ N}$\"]', '2025-10-21 10:08:19'),
(465, 66, '53', '0', '$\\vec{F} = m \\vec{a}$', '0', '$\\vec{F} = m \\vec{a}$', 1, 1, 128, '[\"$\\\\vec{F} = m \\\\vec{a}$\", \"$\\\\vec{a} = \\\\frac{\\\\vec{F}}{m}$\", \"$\\\\vec{F} = \\\\frac{1}{2} m \\\\vec{a}$\", \"$\\\\vec{a} = m \\\\vec{F}$\"]', '2025-10-21 10:08:19'),
(466, 66, '74', '0', 'They are unnecessary for measurements', '1', 'They help in standardizing measurements', 0, 0, 102, '[\"They are unnecessary for measurements\", \"They help in standardizing measurements\", \"They confuse the measurement process\", \"They are only used in chemistry\"]', '2025-10-21 10:08:19'),
(467, 66, '44', '0', 'Hot air rising in the atmosphere', '1', 'Heat transfer through a metal rod brought in contact with a hot object', 0, 1, 104, '[\"Hot air rising in the atmosphere\", \"Heat transfer through a metal rod brought in contact with a hot object\", \"Heat transfer through electromagnetic waves in space\", \"Water boiling due to convection currents\"]', '2025-10-21 10:08:19'),
(468, 66, '50', '0', '**Mass** × **Length** / **Time**$^2$', '0', '**Mass** × **Length** / **Time**$^2$', 1, 0, 125, '[\"**Mass** \\u00d7 **Length** / **Time**$^2$\", \"**Mass** / **Time**$^2$\", \"**Mass** \\u00d7 **Length** \\u00d7 **Time**\", \"**Mass** / **Length**$^2$\"]', '2025-10-21 10:08:19'),
(469, 66, '29', '0', 'Solid materials', '0', 'Solid materials', 1, 1, 105, '[\"Solid materials\", \"Gases\", \"Liquids\", \"Vacuum\"]', '2025-10-21 10:08:19'),
(470, 66, '23205', '0', 'Irony', '1', 'Foreshadowing', 0, 0, 69, '[\"Irony\", \"Foreshadowing\", \"Metaphor\", \"Personification\"]', '2025-10-21 10:08:19'),
(471, 66, '73', '0', 'Addition', '0', 'Addition', 1, 1, 101, '[\"Addition\", \"Scalar multiplication\", \"Dot product\", \"Division\"]', '2025-10-21 10:08:19'),
(472, 66, '38', '0', '$f_k = \\mu_k \\textbf{N}$', '0', '$f_k = \\mu_k \\textbf{N}$', 1, 1, 129, '[\"$f_k = \\\\mu_k \\\\textbf{N}$\", \"$f_k = \\\\frac{\\\\textbf{N}}{\\\\mu_k}$\", \"$f_k = \\\\mu_k \\\\times$ weight\", \"$f_k = \\\\textbf{N} - \\\\mu_k$\"]', '2025-10-21 10:08:19'),
(473, 66, '26', '0', 'Speed', '2', 'Force', 0, 1, 102, '[\"Speed\", \"Mass\", \"Force\", \"Temperature\"]', '2025-10-21 10:08:19'),
(474, 66, '6', '0', 'It is directed towards the center of the circle', '0', 'It is directed towards the center of the circle', 1, 1, 130, '[\"It is directed towards the center of the circle\", \"It is zero\", \"It is always tangential to the path\", \"It points away from the center\"]', '2025-10-21 10:08:19'),
(475, 66, '46', '0', '$\\text{Newton}$', '0', '$\\text{Newton}$', 1, 1, 106, '[\"$\\\\text{Newton}$\", \"$\\\\text{Joule}$\", \"$\\\\text{Watt}$\", \"$\\\\text{Pascal}$\"]', '2025-10-21 10:08:19'),
(476, 66, '23203', '0', 'चम्किलो अनुहार', '0', 'चम्किलो अनुहार', 1, 1, 67, '[\"\\u091a\\u092e\\u094d\\u0915\\u093f\\u0932\\u094b \\u0905\\u0928\\u0941\\u0939\\u093e\\u0930\", \"\\u0915\\u094d\\u0930\\u094b\\u0927\\u093f\\u0924 \\u0905\\u0928\\u0941\\u0939\\u093e\\u0930\", \"\\u0916\\u0941\\u0938\\u0940 \\u0905\\u0928\\u0941\\u0939\\u093e\\u0930\", \"\\u0926\\u0941\\u0903\\u0916\\u0940 \\u0905\\u0928\\u0941\\u0939\\u093e\\u0930\"]', '2025-10-21 10:08:19'),
(477, 66, '3', '0', '$\\frac{u^2 \\sin(2\\theta)}{g}$', '0', '$\\frac{u^2 \\sin(2\\theta)}{g}$', 1, 1, 127, '[\"$\\\\frac{u^2 \\\\sin(2\\\\theta)}{g}$\", \"$\\\\frac{u^2 \\\\cos^2(\\\\theta)}{g}$\", \"$\\\\frac{2u^2 \\\\sin(\\\\theta)}{g}$\", \"$\\\\frac{u^2 \\\\tan(\\\\theta)}{g}$\"]', '2025-10-21 10:08:19'),
(478, 66, '49', '0', 'Mass', '1', 'Length', 0, 1, 103, '[\"Mass\", \"Length\", \"Temperature\", \"Time\"]', '2025-10-21 10:08:19'),
(479, 66, '40', '0', 'The velocity is constant in magnitude but the acceleration is directed toward the center', '0', 'The velocity is constant in magnitude but the acceleration is directed toward the center', 1, 0, 125, '[\"The velocity is constant in magnitude but the acceleration is directed toward the center\", \"The velocity is constantly decreasing\", \"The acceleration is zero\", \"The velocity vector is perpendicular to the radius at all points\"]', '2025-10-21 10:08:19'),
(480, 66, '23202', '0', 'To run web browsers', '1', 'To manage hardware resources and provide services for applications', 0, 1, 66, '[\"To run web browsers\", \"To manage hardware resources and provide services for applications\", \"To create documents\", \"To play games\"]', '2025-10-21 10:08:19'),
(481, 66, '23204', '0', '$qrt{2}$', '2', '$x+1$', 0, 1, 68, '[\"$qrt{2}$\", \"$i$\", \"$x+1$\", \"$e$\"]', '2025-10-21 10:08:19'),
(482, 66, '31', '0', 'To understand the syllabus and exam pattern', '0', 'To understand the syllabus and exam pattern', 1, 1, 101, '[\"To understand the syllabus and exam pattern\", \"To learn all formulas\", \"To memorize all definitions\", \"To practice only numerical problems\"]', '2025-10-21 10:08:19'),
(483, 66, '2', '0', '$\\vec{v} = \\frac{\\Delta \\vec{s}}{\\Delta t}$', '0', '$\\vec{v} = \\frac{\\Delta \\vec{s}}{\\Delta t}$', 1, 1, 126, '[\"$\\\\vec{v} = \\\\frac{\\\\Delta \\\\vec{s}}{\\\\Delta t}$\", \"$\\\\vec{v} = \\\\Delta \\\\vec{s} \\\\times \\\\Delta t$\", \"$\\\\vec{v} = \\\\vec{s} \\\\times \\\\Delta t$\", \"$\\\\vec{v} = \\\\frac{\\\\Delta t}{\\\\Delta \\\\vec{s}}$\"]', '2025-10-21 10:08:19'),
(484, 66, '23207', '0', 'Sales, Wealth, Opportunities, Threats', '1', 'Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats', 0, 1, 71, '[\"Sales, Wealth, Opportunities, Threats\", \"Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats\", \"Service, Work, Operations, Teamwork\", \"Strategy, Willingness, Objectives, Tactics\"]', '2025-10-21 10:08:19'),
(485, 66, '27', '0', '$v = u + at$', '0', '$v = u + at$', 1, 1, 103, '[\"$v = u + at$\", \"$v = u - at$\", \"$v = u \\\\times t$\", \"$v = \\\\frac{1}{2} at^2$\"]', '2025-10-21 10:08:19'),
(486, 66, '23210', '0', 'The y-intercept', '2', 'The rate of change of y with respect to x', 0, 1, 74, '[\"The y-intercept\", \"The x-intercept\", \"The rate of change of y with respect to x\", \"The total number of points on the line\"]', '2025-10-21 10:08:19'),
(487, 66, '7', '0', '$T = 2\\pi \\sqrt{\\frac{r^3}{GM}}$', '0', '$T = 2\\pi \\sqrt{\\frac{r^3}{GM}}$', 1, 1, 125, '[\"$T = 2\\\\pi \\\\sqrt{\\\\frac{r^3}{GM}}$\", \"$T = 2\\\\pi \\\\sqrt{\\\\frac{GM}{r^3}}$\", \"$T = \\\\frac{2\\\\pi r}{v}$\", \"$T = \\\\frac{1}{2\\\\pi} \\\\sqrt{\\\\frac{r^3}{GM}}$\"]', '2025-10-21 10:08:19'),
(488, 66, '1', '0', '$\\frac{text_{new} - text_{original}}{text_{original}} \\times 100$%', '0', '$\\frac{text_{new} - text_{original}}{text_{original}} \\times 100$%', 1, 1, 125, '[\"$\\\\frac{text_{new} - text_{original}}{text_{original}} \\\\times 100$%\", \"$\\\\frac{text_{original} - text_{new}}{text_{new}} \\\\times 100$%\", \"$\\\\frac{text_{new}}{text_{original}} \\\\times 100$%\", \"$\\\\frac{text_{original} - text_{new}}{text_{original}} \\\\times 100$%\"]', '2025-10-21 10:08:19'),
(489, 66, '35', '0', '$10 \\cos 30^\\circ$, $10 \\sin 30^\\circ$', '0', '$10 \\cos 30^\\circ$, $10 \\sin 30^\\circ$', 1, 1, 126, '[\"$10 \\\\cos 30^\\\\circ$, $10 \\\\sin 30^\\\\circ$\", \"$10 \\\\times \\\\sin 30^\\\\circ$, $10 \\\\times \\\\cos 30^\\\\circ$\", \"$10 \\\\times \\\\tan 30^\\\\circ$, $10$ only\", \"$10$, $10$\"]', '2025-10-21 10:08:19'),
(490, 66, '39', '0', '$\\textbf{F}_c = \\frac{mv^2}{r}$', '0', '$\\textbf{F}_c = \\frac{mv^2}{r}$', 1, 1, 130, '[\"$\\\\textbf{F}_c = \\\\frac{mv^2}{r}$\", \"$\\\\textbf{F}_c = \\\\frac{mr}{v^2}$\", \"$\\\\textbf{F}_c = mv^2r$\", \"$\\\\textbf{F}_c = \\\\frac{m}{rv^2}$\"]', '2025-10-21 10:08:19'),
(491, 66, '23201', '0', 'विश्वेश्वरप्रसाद कोइराला', '2', 'लक्ष्मीनारायण प्याकुरेल', 0, 1, 65, '[\"\\u0935\\u093f\\u0936\\u094d\\u0935\\u0947\\u0936\\u094d\\u0935\\u0930\\u092a\\u094d\\u0930\\u0938\\u093e\\u0926 \\u0915\\u094b\\u0907\\u0930\\u093e\\u0932\\u093e\", \"\\u092c\\u093e\\u0932\\u0915\\u0943\\u0937\\u094d\\u0923 \\u0938\\u092e\", \"\\u0932\\u0915\\u094d\\u0937\\u094d\\u092e\\u0940\\u0928\\u093e\\u0930\\u093e\\u092f\\u0923 \\u092a\\u094d\\u092f\\u093e\\u0915\\u0941\\u0930\\u0947\\u0932\", \"\\u092e\\u094b\\u0939\\u0928 \\u0915\\u094b\\u0907\\u0930\\u093e\\u0932\\u093e\"]', '2025-10-21 10:08:19'),
(492, 66, '71', '0', 'Adiabatic process', '0', 'Adiabatic process', 1, 1, 105, '[\"Adiabatic process\", \"Isothermal process\", \"Isobaric process\", \"Isochoric process\"]', '2025-10-21 10:08:19'),
(493, 66, '43', '0', 'Mass multiplied by acceleration, $\\mathbf{F} \\propto m \\times a$', '0', 'Mass multiplied by acceleration, $\\mathbf{F} \\propto m \\times a$', 1, 1, 103, '[\"Mass multiplied by acceleration, $\\\\mathbf{F} \\\\propto m \\\\times a$\", \"Mass divided by acceleration\", \"Velocity multiplied by time\", \"Energy divided by displacement\"]', '2025-10-21 10:08:19'),
(494, 66, '67', '0', 'To record observations without units', '1', 'To assign numerical values to physical quantities accurately', 0, 1, 101, '[\"To record observations without units\", \"To assign numerical values to physical quantities accurately\", \"To make guesses about physical phenomena\", \"To convert units without any standard\"]', '2025-10-21 10:08:19'),
(495, 66, '47', '0', 'The ratio of *measured value* to *true value*', '1', 'The degree to which an instrument can measure with high precision and accuracy', 0, 0, 101, '[\"The ratio of *measured value* to *true value*\", \"The degree to which an instrument can measure with high precision and accuracy\", \"The maximum reading an instrument can give\", \"The speed at which an instrument responds to change\"]', '2025-10-21 10:08:19'),
(496, 66, '70', '0', 'Newton\'s first law', '1', 'Newton\'s second law', 0, 1, 104, '[\"Newton\'s first law\", \"Newton\'s second law\", \"Newton\'s third law\", \"Hooke\'s law\"]', '2025-10-21 10:08:19'),
(497, 66, '36', '0', '$t = \\sqrt{\\frac{2h}{g}}$', '0', '$t = \\sqrt{\\frac{2h}{g}}$', 1, 1, 127, '[\"$t = \\\\sqrt{\\\\frac{2h}{g}}$\", \"$t = \\\\frac{h}{u}$\", \"$t = \\\\frac{u}{g}$\", \"$t = \\\\frac{\\\\sqrt{2h}}{g}$\"]', '2025-10-21 10:08:19'),
(498, 66, '32', '0', 'Vector addition', '0', 'Vector addition', 1, 1, 102, '[\"Vector addition\", \"Dot product\", \"Cross product\", \"Scalar multiplication\"]', '2025-10-21 10:08:19'),
(499, 66, '25', '0', 'Meter (m)', '0', 'Meter (m)', 1, 1, 101, '[\"Meter (m)\", \"Kilogram (kg)\", \"Second (s)\", \"Ampere (A)\"]', '2025-10-21 10:08:19'),
(500, 67, '33', '0', '$s = \\frac{1}{2} a t^2$', '0', '$s = \\frac{1}{2} a t^2$', 1, 29, 103, '[\"$s = \\\\frac{1}{2} a t^2$\", \"$s = ut + \\\\frac{1}{2} a t^2$\", \"$s = v t$\", \"$s = \\\\sqrt{2 a s}$\"]', '2025-10-22 04:40:56'),
(501, 67, '28', '0', '$F = m \\times a$', '0', '$F = m \\times a$', 1, 1, 104, '[\"$F = m \\\\times a$\", \"$F = \\\\frac{m}{a}$\", \"$F = \\\\frac{a}{m}$\", \"$F = m + a$\"]', '2025-10-22 04:40:56'),
(502, 67, '26', '0', 'Speed', '2', 'Force', 0, 1, 102, '[\"Speed\", \"Mass\", \"Force\", \"Temperature\"]', '2025-10-22 04:40:56'),
(503, 67, '41', '0', 'A quantity with only magnitude', '2', 'A quantity with both magnitude and direction', 0, 1, 101, '[\"A quantity with only magnitude\", \"A quantity with only direction\", \"A quantity with both magnitude and direction\", \"A quantity that varies with time\"]', '2025-10-22 04:40:56'),
(504, 67, '46', '0', '$\\text{Newton}$', '0', '$\\text{Newton}$', 1, 1, 106, '[\"$\\\\text{Newton}$\", \"$\\\\text{Joule}$\", \"$\\\\text{Watt}$\", \"$\\\\text{Pascal}$\"]', '2025-10-22 04:40:56'),
(505, 67, '35', '0', '$10 \\cos 30^\\circ$, $10 \\sin 30^\\circ$', '0', '$10 \\cos 30^\\circ$, $10 \\sin 30^\\circ$', 1, 3, 126, '[\"$10 \\\\cos 30^\\\\circ$, $10 \\\\sin 30^\\\\circ$\", \"$10 \\\\times \\\\sin 30^\\\\circ$, $10 \\\\times \\\\cos 30^\\\\circ$\", \"$10 \\\\times \\\\tan 30^\\\\circ$, $10$ only\", \"$10$, $10$\"]', '2025-10-22 04:40:56'),
(506, 67, '72', '0', 'Focus only on memorizing formulas', '1', 'Understanding concepts and practicing problems', 0, 1, 106, '[\"Focus only on memorizing formulas\", \"Understanding concepts and practicing problems\", \"Ignoring practical sessions\", \"Relying entirely on shortcuts\"]', '2025-10-22 04:40:56'),
(507, 67, '47', '0', 'The ratio of *measured value* to *true value*', '1', 'The degree to which an instrument can measure with high precision and accuracy', 0, 54, 101, '[\"The ratio of *measured value* to *true value*\", \"The degree to which an instrument can measure with high precision and accuracy\", \"The maximum reading an instrument can give\", \"The speed at which an instrument responds to change\"]', '2025-10-22 04:40:56'),
(508, 67, '29', '0', 'Solid materials', '0', 'Solid materials', 1, 55, 105, '[\"Solid materials\", \"Gases\", \"Liquids\", \"Vacuum\"]', '2025-10-22 04:40:56'),
(509, 67, '70', '0', 'Newton\'s first law', '1', 'Newton\'s second law', 0, 1, 104, '[\"Newton\'s first law\", \"Newton\'s second law\", \"Newton\'s third law\", \"Hooke\'s law\"]', '2025-10-22 04:40:56'),
(510, 68, '23207', '0', 'Sales, Wealth, Opportunities, Threats', '1', 'Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats', 0, 5, 71, '[\"Sales, Wealth, Opportunities, Threats\", \"Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats\", \"Service, Work, Operations, Teamwork\", \"Strategy, Willingness, Objectives, Tactics\"]', '2025-11-23 10:09:48'),
(511, 68, '30', '0', '$Q - W$', '0', '$Q - W$', 1, 1, 106, '[\"$Q - W$\", \"$Q + W$\", \"$W - Q$\", \"$Q \\\\times W$\"]', '2025-11-23 10:09:48'),
(512, 69, '23231', '0', 'साथी', '0', 'साथी', 1, 6, 1, '[\"\\u0938\\u093e\\u0925\\u0940\", \"\\u0905\\u0927\\u094d\\u092f\\u093e\\u092a\\u0915\", \"\\u092a\\u093e\\u0932\\u0924\\u0942\", \"\\u0926\\u093f\\u0928\\u0930\\u093e\\u0924\"]', '2025-12-26 14:16:56'),
(513, 69, '23232', '0', 'क्रिया (Verb)', '0', 'क्रिया (Verb)', 1, 2, 2, '[\"\\u0915\\u094d\\u0930\\u093f\\u092f\\u093e (Verb)\", \"\\u0938\\u0902\\u091c\\u094d\\u091e\\u093e (Noun)\", \"\\u0935\\u093f\\u0936\\u0947\\u0937\\u0923 (Adjective)\", \"\\u0905\\u0935\\u094d\\u092f\\u092f (Adverb)\"]', '2025-12-26 14:16:56'),
(514, 69, '23233', '0', 'Rhythm and rhyme', '1', 'Narrative style', 0, 1, 3, '[\"Rhythm and rhyme\", \"Narrative style\", \"Meter\", \"Imagery\"]', '2025-12-26 14:16:56'),
(515, 69, '23234', '0', 'Rhyme scheme', '3', 'Alliteration', 0, 1, 4, '[\"Rhyme scheme\", \"Imagery\", \"Meter\", \"Alliteration\"]', '2025-12-26 14:16:56'),
(516, 69, '23235', '0', 'To inform', '2', 'To express feelings and ideas', 0, 1, 5, '[\"To inform\", \"To entertain\", \"To express feelings and ideas\", \"To criticize\"]', '2025-12-26 14:16:56'),
(517, 69, '23236', '0', 'Run', '1', 'Ran', 0, 1, 6, '[\"Run\", \"Ran\", \"Running\", \"Runs\"]', '2025-12-26 14:16:56'),
(518, 69, '23237', '0', 'Skimming for main idea', '0', 'Skimming for main idea', 1, 1, 7, '[\"Skimming for main idea\", \"Writing an essay\", \"Memorizing vocabulary\", \"Filling in blanks\"]', '2025-12-26 14:16:56'),
(519, 69, '23238', '0', 'She go to school every day.', '1', 'She goes to school every day.', 0, 1, 8, '[\"She go to school every day.\", \"She goes to school every day.\", \"She going to school every day.\", \"She gone to school every day.\"]', '2025-12-26 14:16:56'),
(520, 69, '23239', '0', 'Spelling correction', '3', 'All of the above', 0, 1, 9, '[\"Spelling correction\", \"Creative expression\", \"Proper punctuation\", \"All of the above\"]', '2025-12-26 14:16:56'),
(521, 70, '23250', '0', '11', '0', '11', 1, 16, 501, '[\"11\", \"22\", \"9\", \"13\"]', '2025-12-29 11:13:28'),
(522, 70, '23251', '0', 'Initial velocity', '1', 'Acceleration', 0, 2, 502, '[\"Initial velocity\", \"Acceleration\", \"Displacement\", \"Time\"]', '2025-12-29 11:13:28'),
(523, 70, '23252', '0', 'C$_2$H$_4$', '0', 'C$_2$H$_4$', 1, 2, 503, '[\"C$_2$H$_4$\", \"C$_2$H$_6$\", \"C$_3$H$_6$\", \"C$_4$H$_8$\"]', '2025-12-29 11:13:28'),
(524, 70, '23253', '0', 'Ionic bond', '1', 'Covalent bond', 0, 74, 510, '[\"Ionic bond\", \"Covalent bond\", \"Metallic bond\", \"Van der Waals bond\"]', '2025-12-29 11:13:28'),
(525, 70, '23254', '0', 'Reflection', '1', 'Refraction', 0, 1, 511, '[\"Reflection\", \"Refraction\", \"Dispersion\", \"Diffraction\"]', '2025-12-29 11:13:28'),
(526, 70, '23255', '0', '$V = IR$', '0', '$V = IR$', 1, 1, 512, '[\"$V = IR$\", \"$I = VR$\", \"$R = IV$\", \"$V = R/I$\"]', '2025-12-29 11:13:28'),
(527, 70, '23256', '0', 'Proton', '2', 'Electron', 0, 1, 520, '[\"Proton\", \"Neutron\", \"Electron\", \"Positron\"]', '2025-12-29 11:13:28'),
(528, 70, '23257', '0', 'Lungs', '2', 'Heart', 0, 1, 521, '[\"Lungs\", \"Liver\", \"Heart\", \"Kidneys\"]', '2025-12-29 11:13:28'),
(529, 70, '23258', '0', 'Store genetic information', '0', 'Store genetic information', 1, 1, 522, '[\"Store genetic information\", \"Generate energy\", \"Transport oxygen\", \"Break down waste\"]', '2025-12-29 11:13:28'),
(530, 70, '23259', 'Not Answered', 'Not Answered', '1', 'Ionic', 0, 0, 523, '[\"Covalent\", \"Ionic\", \"Metallic\", \"Hydrogen\"]', '2025-12-29 11:13:28'),
(531, 71, '17194', '0', 'Unimportant', '3', 'Familiar', 0, 1, 530, '[\"Unimportant\", \"Trivial\", \"Insignificant\", \"Familiar\"]', '2026-01-25 16:14:52'),
(532, 71, '13174', '0', 'Vegetative cell', '1', 'Generative cell', 0, 1, 1610, '[\"Vegetative cell\", \"Generative cell\", \"Pollen mother cell\", \"Tube cell\"]', '2026-01-25 16:14:52'),
(533, 71, '10129', '0', 'Porphyra', '1', 'Netrium', 0, 1, 1617, '[\"Porphyra\", \"Netrium\", \"Laminaria\", \"Macrocystis\"]', '2026-01-25 16:14:52'),
(534, 71, '21800', '2', 'brightness', '0', 'electricity', 0, 0, 530, '[\"electricity\", \"thunder\", \"brightness\", \"rain\"]', '2026-01-25 16:14:52'),
(535, 71, '6078', '0', 'Mesocarp', '1', 'Endosperm', 0, 1, 1617, '[\"Mesocarp\", \"Endosperm\", \"Endocarp\", \"Epicarp\"]', '2026-01-25 16:14:52'),
(536, 71, '20415', '0', '2λ', '3', 'λ/6', 0, 1, 524, '[\"2\\u03bb\", \"\\u03bb/2\", \"\\u03bb/3\", \"\\u03bb/6\"]', '2026-01-25 16:14:52'),
(537, 71, '20814', '0', 'Heat is absorbed at one end and evolved at the other end', '0', 'Heat is absorbed at one end and evolved at the other end', 1, 1, 523, '[\"Heat is absorbed at one end and evolved at the other end\", \"Heat is produced\", \"Heat is radiated\", \"None\"]', '2026-01-25 16:14:52'),
(538, 71, '22759', '0', 'Determine any hereditary abnormality in embryo', '0', 'Determine any hereditary abnormality in embryo', 1, 1, 1622, '[\"Determine any hereditary abnormality in embryo\", \"Determine errors in amino acid metabolism in embryo\", \"pin point specific cardiac elements in embryo\", \"all\"]', '2026-01-25 16:14:52'),
(539, 71, '15005', '0', 'crypt of liberkuhn', '2', 'Islets of langerhans', 0, 1, 1602, '[\"crypt of liberkuhn\", \"Acini\", \"Islets of langerhans\", \"Duct of bellini\"]', '2026-01-25 16:14:52'),
(540, 71, '19108', '0', '$t/nC$', '2', '$nt/C$', 0, 2, 522, '[\"$t/nC$\", \"tnC\", \"$nt/C$\", \"$tC/n$\"]', '2026-01-25 16:14:52'),
(541, 72, '23260', '0', 'Subject-Verb-Object', '0', 'Subject-Verb-Object', 1, 3, 11001, '[\"Subject-Verb-Object\", \"Verb-Subject-Object\", \"Object-Subject-Verb\", \"Subject-Object-Verb\"]', '2026-01-27 23:14:22'),
(542, 72, '23261', '0', 'Cubic meters (m³)', '2', 'Liters (L)', 0, 1, 11002, '[\"Cubic meters (m\\u00b3)\", \"Square meters (m\\u00b2)\", \"Liters (L)\", \"Milliliters (mL)\"]', '2026-01-27 23:14:22'),
(543, 72, '23262', '0', 'A = b × h', '1', 'A = ½ × b × h', 0, 1, 11003, '[\"A = b \\u00d7 h\", \"A = \\u00bd \\u00d7 b \\u00d7 h\", \"A = b \\u00d7 c\", \"A = \\u00bd \\u00d7 a \\u00d7 b\"]', '2026-01-27 23:14:22'),
(544, 72, '23263', '0', 'Awareness of one\'s rights and responsibilities as a citizen', '0', 'Awareness of one\'s rights and responsibilities as a citizen', 1, 1, 11004, '[\"Awareness of one\'s rights and responsibilities as a citizen\", \"Knowledge of local government structures\", \"Understanding of global political systems\", \"Ability to participate in community events\"]', '2026-01-27 23:14:22'),
(545, 72, '23264', '0', 'Copper', '0', 'Copper', 1, 1, 11005, '[\"Copper\", \"Carbon\", \"Chlorine\", \"Calcium\"]', '2026-01-27 23:14:22'),
(546, 72, '23265', '0', 'To record large cash transactions', '2', 'To track petty cash expenses', 0, 1, 11006, '[\"To record large cash transactions\", \"To manage inventory levels\", \"To track petty cash expenses\", \"To prepare financial statements\"]', '2026-01-27 23:14:22'),
(547, 72, '23266', '0', 'Cubic meters (m³)', '0', 'Cubic meters (m³)', 1, 1, 11007, '[\"Cubic meters (m\\u00b3)\", \"Square meters (m\\u00b2)\", \"Liters (L)\", \"Milliliters (mL)\"]', '2026-01-27 23:14:22'),
(548, 72, '23267', '0', 'A = ½ × × r²', '1', 'A = ½ × × d²', 0, 1, 11008, '[\"A = \\u00bd \\u00d7 \\u00d7 r\\u00b2\", \"A = \\u00bd \\u00d7 \\u00d7 d\\u00b2\", \"A = \\u00bd \\u00d7 \\u00d7 r\", \"A = \\u00bd \\u00d7 \\u00d7 d\"]', '2026-01-27 23:14:22'),
(549, 72, '23268', '0', 'Artificial Intelligence', '0', 'Artificial Intelligence', 1, 1, 11009, '[\"Artificial Intelligence\", \"Application Interface\", \"Advanced Internet\", \"Automated Intelligence\"]', '2026-01-27 23:14:22'),
(550, 72, '23269', '0', 'To calculate simple interest', '2', 'To determine the future value of an investment', 0, 1, 11010, '[\"To calculate simple interest\", \"To find the present value of an investment\", \"To determine the future value of an investment\", \"To compute the effective interest rate\"]', '2026-01-27 23:14:22'),
(551, 73, '23270', '0', 'मानव जाति के जीवन का एक महत्वपूर्ण हिस्सा', '0', 'मानव जाति के जीवन का एक महत्वपूर्ण हिस्सा', 1, 7, 204, '[\"\\u092e\\u093e\\u0928\\u0935 \\u091c\\u093e\\u0924\\u093f \\u0915\\u0947 \\u091c\\u0940\\u0935\\u0928 \\u0915\\u093e \\u090f\\u0915 \\u092e\\u0939\\u0924\\u094d\\u0935\\u092a\\u0942\\u0930\\u094d\\u0923 \\u0939\\u093f\\u0938\\u094d\\u0938\\u093e\", \"\\u092e\\u093e\\u0928\\u0935 \\u091c\\u093e\\u0924\\u093f \\u0915\\u0947 \\u0935\\u093f\\u0915\\u093e\\u0938 \\u0915\\u093e \\u090f\\u0915 \\u092a\\u094d\\u0930\\u092e\\u0941\\u0916 \\u0915\\u093e\\u0930\\u0915\", \"\\u092e\\u093e\\u0928\\u0935 \\u091c\\u093e\\u0924\\u093f \\u0915\\u0947 \\u091c\\u0940\\u0935\\u0928 \\u0915\\u093e \\u090f\\u0915 \\u0906\\u0935\\u0936\\u094d\\u092f\\u0915 \\u0924\\u0924\\u094d\\u0935\", \"\\u092e\\u093e\\u0928\\u0935 \\u091c\\u093e\\u0924\\u093f \\u0915\\u0947 \\u091c\\u0940\\u0935\\u0928 \\u0915\\u093e \\u090f\\u0915 \\u0938\\u093e\\u092e\\u093e\\u091c\\u093f\\u0915 \\u092a\\u0939\\u0932\\u0942\"]', '2026-01-27 23:17:39'),
(552, 73, '23271', '0', 'प्राकृतिक भौतिकी', '3', 'भौतिकी का विद्युत चुम्बकीय अध्ययन', 0, 1, 205, '[\"\\u092a\\u094d\\u0930\\u093e\\u0915\\u0943\\u0924\\u093f\\u0915 \\u092d\\u094c\\u0924\\u093f\\u0915\\u0940\", \"\\u092d\\u094c\\u0924\\u093f\\u0915\\u0940 \\u0915\\u093e \\u0938\\u093e\\u092e\\u093e\\u0928\\u094d\\u092f \\u0905\\u0927\\u094d\\u092f\\u092f\\u0928\", \"\\u092d\\u094c\\u0924\\u093f\\u0915\\u0940 \\u0915\\u093e \\u091c\\u094d\\u092f\\u093e\\u092e\\u093f\\u0924\\u0940\\u092f \\u0905\\u0927\\u094d\\u092f\\u092f\\u0928\", \"\\u092d\\u094c\\u0924\\u093f\\u0915\\u0940 \\u0915\\u093e \\u0935\\u093f\\u0926\\u094d\\u092f\\u0941\\u0924 \\u091a\\u0941\\u092e\\u094d\\u092c\\u0915\\u0940\\u092f \\u0905\\u0927\\u094d\\u092f\\u092f\\u0928\"]', '2026-01-27 23:17:39'),
(553, 73, '23272', '0', 'रिएक्शन की गति', '0', 'रिएक्शन की गति', 1, 3, 206, '[\"\\u0930\\u093f\\u090f\\u0915\\u094d\\u0936\\u0928 \\u0915\\u0940 \\u0917\\u0924\\u093f\", \"\\u0930\\u093f\\u090f\\u0915\\u094d\\u0936\\u0928 \\u0915\\u0940 \\u0924\\u0940\\u0935\\u094d\\u0930\\u0924\\u093e\", \"\\u0930\\u093f\\u090f\\u0915\\u094d\\u0936\\u0928 \\u0915\\u093e \\u0938\\u092e\\u092f\", \"\\u0930\\u093f\\u090f\\u0915\\u094d\\u0936\\u0928 \\u0915\\u093e \\u0924\\u093e\\u092a\\u092e\\u093e\\u0928\"]', '2026-01-27 23:17:39'),
(554, 73, '23273', '0', 'जीवों के जीवन का आधार', '0', 'जीवों के जीवन का आधार', 1, 1, 207, '[\"\\u091c\\u0940\\u0935\\u094b\\u0902 \\u0915\\u0947 \\u091c\\u0940\\u0935\\u0928 \\u0915\\u093e \\u0906\\u0927\\u093e\\u0930\", \"\\u091c\\u0940\\u0935\\u094b\\u0902 \\u0915\\u0947 \\u0935\\u093f\\u0915\\u093e\\u0938 \\u0915\\u093e \\u0915\\u093e\\u0930\\u0915\", \"\\u091c\\u0940\\u0935\\u094b\\u0902 \\u0915\\u0947 \\u0938\\u094d\\u0935\\u093e\\u0938\\u094d\\u0925\\u094d\\u092f \\u0915\\u093e \\u092a\\u094d\\u0930\\u092d\\u093e\\u0935\", \"\\u091c\\u0940\\u0935\\u094b\\u0902 \\u0915\\u0947 \\u0935\\u094d\\u092f\\u0935\\u0939\\u093e\\u0930 \\u0915\\u093e \\u0928\\u093f\\u092f\\u0902\\u0924\\u094d\\u0930\\u0923\"]', '2026-01-27 23:17:39'),
(555, 73, '23274', '0', 'एक बिंदु', '3', 'एक दिशा और माप', 0, 3, 208, '[\"\\u090f\\u0915 \\u092c\\u093f\\u0902\\u0926\\u0941\", \"\\u090f\\u0915 \\u0930\\u0947\\u0916\\u093e\", \"\\u090f\\u0915 \\u0938\\u0902\\u0916\\u094d\\u092f\\u093e\", \"\\u090f\\u0915 \\u0926\\u093f\\u0936\\u093e \\u0914\\u0930 \\u092e\\u093e\\u092a\"]', '2026-01-27 23:17:39'),
(556, 73, '23275', '0', 'भौतिकी', '0', 'भौतिकी', 1, 1, 209, '[\"\\u092d\\u094c\\u0924\\u093f\\u0915\\u0940\", \"\\u0915\\u0947\\u092e\\u093f\\u0938\\u094d\\u091f\\u094d\\u0930\\u0940\", \"\\u091c\\u0940\\u0935 \\u0935\\u093f\\u091c\\u094d\\u091e\\u093e\\u0928\", \"\\u092a\\u094d\\u0930\\u094c\\u0926\\u094d\\u092f\\u094b\\u0917\\u093f\\u0915\\u0940\"]', '2026-01-27 23:17:39'),
(557, 73, '23276', '0', 'रिएक्शन की गति का निर्धारण', '0', 'रिएक्शन की गति का निर्धारण', 1, 1, 210, '[\"\\u0930\\u093f\\u090f\\u0915\\u094d\\u0936\\u0928 \\u0915\\u0940 \\u0917\\u0924\\u093f \\u0915\\u093e \\u0928\\u093f\\u0930\\u094d\\u0927\\u093e\\u0930\\u0923\", \"\\u0930\\u093f\\u090f\\u0915\\u094d\\u0936\\u0928 \\u0915\\u0940 \\u0924\\u0940\\u0935\\u094d\\u0930\\u0924\\u093e \\u0915\\u093e \\u092e\\u093e\\u092a\\u0928\", \"\\u0930\\u093f\\u090f\\u0915\\u094d\\u0936\\u0928 \\u0915\\u0947 \\u0938\\u092e\\u092f \\u0915\\u093e \\u0905\\u0928\\u0941\\u092e\\u093e\\u0928\", \"\\u0930\\u093f\\u090f\\u0915\\u094d\\u0936\\u0928 \\u0915\\u0947 \\u0924\\u093e\\u092a\\u092e\\u093e\\u0928 \\u0915\\u093e \\u0928\\u093f\\u092f\\u0902\\u0924\\u094d\\u0930\\u0923\"]', '2026-01-27 23:17:39'),
(558, 73, '23277', '0', 'जीवों के विकास का नियंत्रण', '0', 'जीवों के विकास का नियंत्रण', 1, 1, 211, '[\"\\u091c\\u0940\\u0935\\u094b\\u0902 \\u0915\\u0947 \\u0935\\u093f\\u0915\\u093e\\u0938 \\u0915\\u093e \\u0928\\u093f\\u092f\\u0902\\u0924\\u094d\\u0930\\u0923\", \"\\u091c\\u0940\\u0935\\u094b\\u0902 \\u0915\\u0947 \\u0938\\u094d\\u0935\\u093e\\u0938\\u094d\\u0925\\u094d\\u092f \\u0915\\u093e \\u092a\\u094d\\u0930\\u092d\\u093e\\u0935\", \"\\u091c\\u0940\\u0935\\u094b\\u0902 \\u0915\\u0947 \\u0935\\u094d\\u092f\\u0935\\u0939\\u093e\\u0930 \\u0915\\u093e \\u0928\\u093f\\u0930\\u094d\\u0927\\u093e\\u0930\\u0923\", \"\\u091c\\u0940\\u0935\\u094b\\u0902 \\u0915\\u0947 \\u0935\\u093f\\u0915\\u093e\\u0938 \\u0915\\u093e \\u0906\\u0927\\u093e\\u0930\"]', '2026-01-27 23:17:39'),
(559, 73, '23278', '0', 'ज्यामितीय आकृतियों का अध्ययन', '0', 'ज्यामितीय आकृतियों का अध्ययन', 1, 1, 212, '[\"\\u091c\\u094d\\u092f\\u093e\\u092e\\u093f\\u0924\\u0940\\u092f \\u0906\\u0915\\u0943\\u0924\\u093f\\u092f\\u094b\\u0902 \\u0915\\u093e \\u0905\\u0927\\u094d\\u092f\\u092f\\u0928\", \"\\u0935\\u093f\\u091c\\u094d\\u091e\\u093e\\u0928 \\u092e\\u0947\\u0902 \\u092e\\u093e\\u092a\", \"\\u0938\\u0902\\u0916\\u094d\\u092f\\u093e\\u0924\\u094d\\u092e\\u0915 \\u0935\\u093f\\u0936\\u094d\\u0932\\u0947\\u0937\\u0923\", \"\\u0935\\u0947\\u0915\\u094d\\u091f\\u0930 \\u0915\\u093e \\u0909\\u092a\\u092f\\u094b\\u0917\"]', '2026-01-27 23:17:39'),
(560, 73, '23279', '0', 'भौतिकी', '0', 'भौतिकी', 1, 1, 213, '[\"\\u092d\\u094c\\u0924\\u093f\\u0915\\u0940\", \"\\u0915\\u0947\\u092e\\u093f\\u0938\\u094d\\u091f\\u094d\\u0930\\u0940\", \"\\u091c\\u0940\\u0935 \\u0935\\u093f\\u091c\\u094d\\u091e\\u093e\\u0928\", \"\\u092a\\u094d\\u0930\\u094c\\u0926\\u094d\\u092f\\u094b\\u0917\\u093f\\u0915\\u0940\"]', '2026-01-27 23:17:39');

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